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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 404-170-0 | CAS number: 70750-63-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_ecotoxicological-information.png)
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2008
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study was performed according to guidline.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 008
- Report date:
- 2008
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The temperature of the test solution was slightly higher (23.0 and 22.5 C) than recommended in the guideline on two occasions. However these occurrences were brief in duration and were recorded on days 0 and 21 and not considered to have adverse effects
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Water Accommodated Fraction was prepared by stirring the appropriate quantities of the test material in Daphnia test media for 20 hours, followed by settling period of 4 hours. The test solutions were filtered before exposure of the Daphnia.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
-Source: Reading University
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): Less than 24 hours
- Food type: Chorella vulgaris
- Amount: 1 mg Organic carbon/litre of culture water
- Frequency: each working day
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 250 mgCaCO3/L
- Test temperature:
- 19.5 to 23 C
- pH:
- 6.7 to 8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 79 to 100% ASV
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32, 100 mg/L (nominal)
- Details on test conditions:
- -Aeration: A wide bore glass tube was used to transfer on Daphnia, in a minimum amount of culture water (<0.5ml) into ten replicate 100ml glass beakers. The test vessels were not aerated during the test period. To limit aerial contamination of the test vessels and reduce evaporation losses, a transparent Perspex sheet was placed over the tops of the beakers.
- No. of organisms per vessel: one
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): ten replicate
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): ten
-Intervals of water quality measurement: The dilution water was reconstituted water (ISO Test Media) from Annex 3 of OECD guideline 202. The pH was adjusted to 8.0 +/- 0.2 using 1M NaOH or 1 M HCl. The total hardness was approximately 250 mg CaCO3/L.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: There was no adjustment of the pH during the study.
- Photoperiod: sixteen hours light and eight hours dark
- Light intensity: not exceeding 1500lux - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 84.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: 35.4 to > 100 mg/L
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The LOEC and NOEC for fecundity were calculated by Dennett’s Test
Daphnia survival were calculated by Fisher’s Exact Test.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Summary of Information on reproduction and mortalities
Concentration (mg/l) |
Control |
1.0 |
3.2 |
10 |
32 |
100 |
Number of adult mortalities |
1 |
2 |
1 |
4 |
3 |
3 |
Total number offspring per conc. |
809 |
832 |
602 |
480 |
409 |
280 |
Meran number of broods per adult* |
4.8 |
4.3 |
4.0 |
3.7 |
2.7 |
3.8 |
Mean number offspring per brood |
17.9 |
20.5 |
15.3 |
22.8 |
16.7 |
10.6 |
Number of days to first brood |
8-11 |
8-13 |
8-12 |
11-14 |
12-14 |
9-15 |
Number of days to second brood |
2-3 |
2-6 |
3-6 |
2-3 |
2-3 |
2-5 |
Number of aborted broods per conc |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Number of males per conc. |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
*Where the number of offspring in brood =3 or less, not counted as a full brood for determination of the mean number of broods.
The table below shows the number of adults alive and the mean number of offspring per adult produced for each test concentration.
|
Nominal Concentration (mg/l) |
|||||
|
Control |
1.0 |
3.2 |
10 |
32 |
100 |
Number of adults alive |
9 |
8 |
9 |
6 |
7 |
7 |
Mean number of offspring per surviving adult |
89.9 |
104.0 |
66.9 |
81.7 |
58.4 |
40.0 |
One (10%) of the ten control parentDaphniadied during the study and noDaphniawere trapped at the surface of the water. The number of live offspring produced per parent animal surviving to the end of the test in the control vessels was 69-104 with a mean value of 89.9. The coefficient of variation for the control fecundity was calculated as 11.7%
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test material had an EC50 of 84.6 mg/l WAF with a NOEC of 10 mg/l WAF and a LOEC of 31mg/l WAF for reproduction. The NOEC and LOEC for parent Daphnia survival was 100mg/L WAF (highest concentration tested)
- Executive summary:
Reproduction
Using the parameter of fecundity, that is live offspring per parentDaphniaalive at the end of the test the 21-Day reproduction EC50 value of the test material was estimated to be 84.6 mg/L WAF. The highest no observed effect concentration (NOEC) after 21 days was 10 mg/l WAF. The lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) after 21 days was 32 mg/l WAF. The LOEC and NOEC were calculated by Dennett’s Test
Parent Mortality
The 21-Day NOEC for parentDaphniasurvival was calculated as 100 mg/L WAF. The 21-day LOEC for parent Daphnia survival was calculated as greater than 100 mg/L WAF. Both the NOEC and LOEC calculations for parentDaphniasurvival were calculated by Fisher’s Exact Test.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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