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EC number: 619-020-1 | CAS number: 94361-06-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 6 Jun 2002 to 14 Jun 2002
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test (Carbon and Ammonium Oxidation))
- Version / remarks:
- 1993
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- During the definitive test 0.07295 g of the test substance were added to a total volume of 500 mL aerated dechlorinated water, synthetic sewage and activated sludge. The sample was stored in the dark, at ambient temperature, in the container in which it was received until required for testing, when an appropriate subsample was provided for the test operator.
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge
- Details on inoculum:
- - Activated sludge: Activated sludge was obtained from Buckland Sewage Treatment Works, Newton Abbot, Devon, UK, 1 day prior to the study. This plant treats sewage of predominantly domestic origin. On return to the laboratory, the activated sludge was settled and the concentrated sludge washed with aerated dechlorinated water. The washed settled sludge was fed with 50 mL of OECD synthetic sewage feed per litre of sludge per day and aerated at room temperature, until it was used in the test. The total filterable solids concentration was determined on the day of the test and was found to be 6085 mg/L. The pH was measured as 7.10, and required no subsequent adjustment.
- Synthetic sewage: A synthetic sewage mixture described by the OECD guideline was prepared containing the following constituents per litre of deionised water: 15.2 g of peptone, 10.5 g of meat extract, 2.9 g of urea, 0.7 g of NaCl, 0.4 g of CaCl2.2H2O, 0.2 g of MgSO4.7H2O and 2.8 g of K2HPO4. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- 7.10
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentration: 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
An overview of the experimental design is provided in Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables'.
- No. of vessels per test substance concentration: 1
- No. of vessels per control : 2
- No. of vessels per reference substance concentration: 1
- Volume of active sludge: 160 mL
Each flask contained an excess of the synthetic sewage, sufficient activated sludge to give final solids concentrations of 1600 mg/L, an appropriate quantity of either the test substance or 3,5-dichlorophenol stock solution and aerated dechlorinated water to give a final flask contents volume of 500 mL.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
The respiration rate of each culture was measured after 3 hours and compared with the mean respiration rate of the two control cultures. The rate of oxygen uptake was measured in a confined perspex cell into which a polarographic oxygen electrode was inserted. The electrode was connected to a meter whose output was recorded on a potentiometric chart recorder. The dissolved oxygen concentration after the 3 hour aeration period was at least 6.5 mg O2/L. The respiration rate was calculated between approximately 6.5 and 2.5 mg O2/L, or over approximately a 10 minute period where respiration was low. The rates of oxygen uptake were expressed as mg O2/L/h. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol (at least 97% w/w)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Details on results:
- An overview of the results is provided in Table 2 in ‘Any other information on results incl. tables’.
In test flasks dosed with the test substance, <10% to 15% inhibition was observed in the tested concentrations. Therefore, 3-hour EC20, EC50 and EC80 were determined to be above 100 mg/L. The EC10 was determined to be 32 mg/L. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The reference substance, 3,5-dichlorophenol, caused substantial inhibition of the respiration rate of the activated sludge. From the results obtained the 3 hour EC50 value was estimated to be 9 mg/L. This is within the expected normal range of 5 to 30 mg/L indicating the sludge was responding normally and confirming the viability of the sludge organisms. The respiration rates in the two control flasks were within 15% of each other. Therefore, the mean control respiration rate was used in calculation of the percentage inhibition. The temperatures of the flask contents after the 3 hours aeration were all within the range 20 ± 2°C.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the findings, the EC50 was determined to be > 100 mg ai/L and NOEC was 32 mg a.i./L.
- Executive summary:
The effect of the test substance on bacterial activity in sewage sludge was investigated by exposing activated sludge from a working treating predominantly domestic sewage to the test substance at nominal concentrations of 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L. The study was conducted in accordance with OECD TG 209 and in compliance with GLP criteria. The test incorporated a dose response to a reference standard (3,5-dichlorophenol) at five nominal concentrations of 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L, and 2 replicates of an untreated control. After continuous aeration for 3 hours at 20 ± 2 ˚C and feeding on a synthetic sewage, the respiration rate of each culture was determined by measuring the oxygen consumption. The respiration rates of treated cultures were expressed as a percentage of the mean rates seen in control cultures.
After 3 hours incubation, 10% or less inhibition was observed in the 1, 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L treatments. The 100 mg/L treatment resulted in 15% inhibition after 3 hours. Percentage inhibition less than or equal to 10% was within the expected experimental variability of the test and was considered not to be an effect of the test substance. Therefore, NOEC was equivalent to the EC10 in this test. The 3-h NOEC/EC10 was thus derived to be 32 mg/L. The 3-h EC50 was derived to be >100 mg/L
Reference
Table 2 Inhibition results
Test substance |
Nominal Test concentration (mg/L) |
pH |
Respiration rate (mg O2/L/h) |
Percentage mean control respiration ratea |
Percentage inhibition |
|
Start |
End |
|||||
Control |
Control |
7.40 |
8.16 |
29.3 |
- |
- |
3,5-DCPb |
100 |
7.50 |
7.92 |
2.7 |
9 |
91 |
3,5-DCP |
32 |
7.40 |
8.09 |
6.0 |
20 |
80 |
3,5-DCP |
10 |
7.40 |
8.12 |
13.7 |
45 |
55 |
3,5-DCP |
3.2 |
7.39 |
8.24 |
27.4 |
90 |
10 |
3,5-DCP |
1.0 |
7.40 |
8.21 |
28.5 |
93 |
<10 |
test substance |
100 |
7.42 |
8.14 |
26.0 |
85 |
15 |
test substance |
32 |
7.40 |
8.13 |
29.5 |
97 |
<10 |
test substance |
10 |
7.39 |
8.09 |
27.4 |
90 |
10 |
test substance |
3.2 |
7.39 |
8.10 |
28.5 |
93 |
<10 |
test substance |
1.0 |
7.40 |
8.11 |
29.3 |
96 |
<10 |
Control |
Control |
7.39 |
8.14 |
31.7 |
- |
- |
a Mean control respiration rate= 30.5 mg O2/L/h
b 3,5-dichlorophenol
Description of key information
3 -h NOEC = 32 mg/L, Activated sludge, inhibition of total respiration, OECD TG 209, Wallace 2002
3-h EC50 > 100 mg/L, Activated sludge, inhibition of total respiration, OECD TG 209, Wallace 2002
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 32 mg/L
Additional information
The effect of the test substance on bacterial activity in sewage sludge was investigated by exposing activated sludge from a working treating predominantly domestic sewage to the test substance at nominal concentrations of 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L. The study was conducted in accordance with OECD TG 209 and in compliance with GLP criteria. The test incorporated a dose response to a reference standard (3,5-dichlorophenol) at five nominal concentrations of 1, 3.2, 10, 32 and 100 mg/L, and 2 replicates of an untreated control. After continuous aeration for 3 hours at 20 ± 2 ˚C and feeding on a synthetic sewage, the respiration rate of each culture was determined by measuring the oxygen consumption. The respiration rates of treated cultures were expressed as a percentage of the mean rates seen in control cultures.
After 3 hours incubation, 10% or less inhibition was observed in the 1, 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L treatments. The 100 mg/L treatment resulted in 15% inhibition after 3 hours. Percentage inhibition less than or equal to 10% was within the expected experimental variability of the test and was considered not to be an effect of the test substance. Therefore, NOEC was equivalent to the EC10 in this test. The 3-h NOEC/EC10 was thus derived to be 32 mg/L. The 3-h EC50 was derived to be >100 mg/L
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