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EC number: 272-823-5 | CAS number: 68916-18-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 17 May 2018 to 12 July 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: CF02
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 31.01.2019
- Purity test date: not available
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: stored cold at 4°C in the dark
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: water solubility 2.85 mg/L
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium: not available
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, for the purposes of the study the test medium was prepared as a WAF of the test item. A 23-Hour stirring period followed by a 1-Hour standing period was considered sufficient to ensure equilibration between the test item and aqueous phase.
- Final preparation of a solid: not applicable
- Preliminary purification step (if any): none
- Final dilution of a dissolved solid, stock liquid or gel: none
FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)
TYPE OF BIOCIDE/PESTICIDE FORMULATION (if applicable)
OTHER SPECIFICS: none - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: control and 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L loading rate WAF test group
- Sampling method: not available
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: not available - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, the test medium was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
- Eluate: not specified
- Differential loading: The range-finding test was conducted by exposing Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata cells to nominal loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L for a period of 72 hours. Based on the results of the range-finding test the following loading rates were assigned to the definitive test: 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L
- Controls: control group: reconstituted water (Elendt M7), positive control: potassium dichromate at concentrations of 0.25, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg/L.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): none
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): not applicable
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): none - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: CCAP 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP), SAMS Research Services Ltd, Scottish Marine Institute, Oban, Argyll, Scotland.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): not specified
- Method of cultivation: not specified
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: not specified
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Prior to the start of the test sufficient master culture was added to approximately 100 mL volumes of culture media contained in conical flasks to give an initial cell density of approximately 1000 cells/mL. The flasks were plugged with polyurethane foam stoppers and kept under constant agitation by orbital shaker (approximately 150 rpm) and constant illumination at 24 ± 1°C until the algal cell density was approximately 10'000 to 100'000 cells/mL.
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: not specified - Test type:
- other: shaken at 150 rpm
- Water media type:
- other: culture media
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 24 ± 1°C
- pH:
- Culture media: 7.5
Definive test: 7.9-8.5 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Range finding test: 1.0, 10, 100 mL loading rate WAF
Definitive test: 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mL loading rate WAF - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: range-finding test: conical flasks
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 250 mL
- Aeration: none
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5.00 x 1000 cells per mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): none
- Biomass loading rate: not available
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: culture medium
- Total organic carbon: 1.05 mg C/L at 0 hours
- Particulate matter: none
- Metals: not available
- Pesticides: not available
- Chlorine: not available
- Alkalinity: 7.5
- Ca/Mg ratio: not available
- Conductivity: not available
- Salinity: not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: not applicable
- Intervals of water quality measurement: not applicable
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: none
- Photoperiod: continuous illumination provided by warm white lighting (380-730 nm)
- Light intensity: 7000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): inhibition of algal growth
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L nominal loading rate
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: effects on algal growth - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOEL
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOEL
- Effect conc.:
- 56 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 76 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: NOEL
- Effect conc.:
- 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LOEL
- Effect conc.:
- 56 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: WAF
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): There were no abnormalities detected in any of the control or test cultures.
- Unusual cell shape: not specified
- Colour differences: not specified
- Flocculation: not specified
- Adherence to test vessels: not specified
- Aggregation of algal cells: none
- Other: none
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: yes, at 10 and 18 mg/L loading rate WAF
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: none
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: none - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid: yes
- EC50:
ErC50 (0 to 72 hour): 1.6 mg/L; 95% confidence limits 1.4 to 1.8 mg/L
EyC50 (0 to 72 hour): 0.77 mg/L; 95% confidence limits 0.68 to 0.87 mg/L
- Other:
No Observed Effect Concentration based on growth rate: 0.25 mg/L
No Observed Effect Concentration based on yield: 0.25 mg/L
Lowest Observed Effect Concentration based on growth rate: 0.50 mg/L
Lowest Observed Effect Concentration based on yield: 0.50 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- One way analysis of variance incorporating Bartlett's test for homogeneity of variance and Dunnett's multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a control was carried out on the growth rate and yield data after 72 hours for the control and all test loading rates to determine any statistically significant differences between the test and control groups. All statistical analyses were performed using the SAS computer software package.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In algal growth inhibition study performed on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, and conducted according to OECD test guideline 201 and to GLP, the NOEL values for growth rate and yield were determined at 32 mg/L loading rate as Water Accommodated Fraction after 72 hours of exposure to Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. The effective loading causing 50% response (EL50) was determined at >100 and 76 mg/L loading rate WAF for growth rate and yield, respectively.
- Executive summary:
A test conducted on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata according to OECD test guideline 201 and to GLP was performed to assess the potential of Coffee, bean, roasted, ext. to inhibit algal growth.
Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item for the purposes of the test the test item was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
Following a preliminary range-finding test and initial experiment, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was exposed to WAFs of the test item over a range of nominal loading rates of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L (three replicate flasks per concentration) for 72 hours, under constant illumination and shaking at a temperature of 24 ± 1°C.
Samples of the algal populations were removed daily and cell concentrations determined for each control and treatment group, using a Coulter® Multisizer Particle Counter.
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis of the test preparations was performed at 0 and 72 hours. Measured concentrations in the range of 4.40 to 21.7 mg/L were obtained at 0 hours whilst concentrations in the range of 3.29 to 18.2 mg/L were obtained at 72 hours. There were no abnormalities detected in any of the control or test cultures.
The NOEL value for growth rate and yield were determined at 32 mg/L loading rate as WAF after 72 hours of exposure to Coffee, bean roasted, ext. The effective loading causing 50% response (EL50) was determined at >100 and 76 mg/L loading rate WAF for growth rate and yield, respectively.
Reference
See attached additional information on results.
Description of key information
Growth rate at 72 hours:
NOEL: 32 mg/L loading rate WAF
EL50: >100 mg/L loading rate WAF
Yield at 72 hours:
NOEL: 32 mg/L loading rate WAF
LOEL: 56 mg/L loading rate WAF
EL50: 76 mg/L loading rate WAF
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
A test conducted on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata according to OECD test guideline 201 and to GLP was performed to assess the potential of Coffee, bean roasted, ext. to inhibit algal growth.
Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item for the purposes of the test the test item was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
Following a preliminary range-finding test and initial experiment, Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was exposed to WAFs of the test item over a range of nominal loading rates of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L (three replicate flasks per concentration) for 72 hours, under constant illumination and shaking at a temperature of 24 ± 1 °C.
Samples of the algal populations were removed daily and cell concentrations determined for each control and treatment group, using a Coulter® Multisizer Particle Counter.
Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis of the test preparations was performed at 0 and 72 hours. Measured concentrations in the range of 4.40 to 21.7 mg/L were obtained at 0 hours whilst concentrations in the range of 3.29 to 18.2 mg/L were obtained at 72 hours. There were no abnormalities detected in any of the control or test cultures.
The NOEL values for growth rate and yield were determined at 32 mg/L loading rate as WAF after 72 hours of exposure to Coffee, bean roasted, ext. The effective loading causing 50% response (EL50) was determined at >100 and 76 mg/L loading rate WAF for growth rate and yield, respectively.
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