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EC number: 290-179-3 | CAS number: 90082-87-4 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Prunus domestica L. Rosaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 06 August 2018 - 23 August 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 13 April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Plum, ext.
- EC Number:
- 290-179-3
- EC Name:
- Plum, ext.
- Cas Number:
- 90082-87-4
- Molecular formula:
- not applicable
- IUPAC Name:
- Extract obtained from fruits of Prunus domestica L. Rosaceae
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- - Physical appearance: blackish brown to dark brown liquid
- Storage conditions: at room temperature
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - No correction factor for purity is required and therefore not applied
- The test item is soluble and stable in water
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Remarks:
- TOC analysis
- Details on sampling:
- Single samples for possible analysis were taken from all concentrations and the control according to the schedule below.
Frequency: at t=0 h and t=48 h
Volume: 40 mL
Storage: Samples were stored in a refrigerator (2-8°C) until analysis.
At the end of the exposure period, the replicates were pooled at each concentration before sampling.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: Preparation of test solutions started with the highest concentration of 100 mg/L applying a 15- minute period of magnetic stirring to accelerate the dissolution of the test item in test medium. Lower test concentrations were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the highest concentration in test medium.
- Evidence of undissolved test material: the highest test concentration was clear and of very slight yellow coloration, while the lower test concentrations were clear and colourless.
- Controls: Test medium without test item or other additives
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Strain: Straus, 1820
- Source: in-house laboratory culture with a known history. At least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
- Age of parental stock: Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
- Age at study initiation: < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: no
BREEDING:
- Method: each batch was started with newborn daphnids, i.e. less than 3 days old, by placing about 250 of them into 5 litres of medium (M7) in an all-glass culture vessel. Cultures were max. 4 weeks old. After 7 days of cultivation half of the medium was renewed twice a week.
- Feeding: daily, a suspension of fresh water algae.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 20-21°C
- pH:
- Control: 7.9 (t=0 h) and 8.0 (t=48 h)
100 mg/L: 7.8 (t=0 h and t=48 h - Dissolved oxygen:
- Control: 8.5 mg/L (t=0 h) and 8.7 mg/L (t=48 h)
100 mg/L: 8.4 mg/L (t=0 h and t=48 h) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 100 mg/L
Nominal TOC concentration: 32 mg/L
Measured TOC concentration: at t=0: 26.4 mg/L; at t=48: 21.8 mg/L (83% relative to nominal at t=0 h) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 60 mL, all-glass
- Fill volume: 50 mL
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 for 100 mg/L; 2 for 0.10, 1.0 and 10 mg/L
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Standard medium used: yes, according to OECD 202
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water purified by reverse osmosis
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes, M7 was used as culture medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: daily photoperiod of 16 hours
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mobility at 24 and 48 hours.
- Additional measurements: pH and dissolved oxygen at the beginning and at the end of the test, in the limit test concentration and the control. Temperature of the medium: continuously in a temperature control vessel.
COMBINED LIMIT/RANGE-FINDING STUDY: yes, twenty daphnids per concentration (four replicates, 5 daphnids per vessel) were exposed to a control and test concentrations of 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L. No immobility was observed and the results were interpreted as limit test for determination of the effect concentrations. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate (July 2018)
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- Results of TOC analysis: the TOC of the test item was 31.78%, this value was used to estimate the nominal TOC concentration for the limit concentration of 100 mg/L. At the start of the test, 83% of the nominal TOC concentration were measured in the limit concentration, i.e. 26 mg/L. At the end of the test, the TOC concentration decreased slightly and was at 83% relative to the initial concentration, i.e. was 22 mg/L. Since TOC-analysis is a non-specific method, the effect parameters were determined based on the nominal concentration.
Results of the combined limit/range-finding study: no immobility was observed in the control group or at any of the test concentrations in the 48 hours exposure period.
- No biological, behavioural or other abnormalities were observed in the control group or any of the test concentrations.
- Individual pH, temperature and dissolved oxygen values remained within acceptable limits throughout the duration of the study. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes
- Test concentrations: 0, 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.56, 1.0 and 1.8 mg/L
- 48h-EC50: 0.59 mg/L, 95%-confidence interval: 0.53-0.72 mg/L
- Other: results fell within the historical range of the test facility.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 1). In the control, no daphnids became immobilised or showed other signs of disease or stress. 2). The oxygen concentration at the end of the test was ≥ 3 mg/L in control and test vessels (i.e., 8.7 mg/L).
- Conclusions:
- The 48h-EC50 of Plum concentrate towards Daphnia magna, was determined to exceed the highest tested concentration (> 100 mg/L).
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