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EC number: 232-107-5 | CAS number: 7787-20-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 20 February 2018- 25 February 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying i) Chemicals Inducing Serious Eye Damage and ii) Chemicals Not Requiring Classification for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,3,3-trimethylnorbornan-2-one
- EC Number:
- 232-107-5
- EC Name:
- 1,3,3-trimethylnorbornan-2-one
- Cas Number:
- 7787-20-4
- Molecular formula:
- C10H16O
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,3,3-trimethylnorbornan-2-one
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- cattle
- Strain:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- SOURCE OF COLLECTED EYES
- Source: Local abattoir (Slaughter house), Near Frazer town, Bengaluru.
- Characteristics of donor animals (e.g. age, sex, weight): not specified.
- Storage, temperature and transport conditions of ocular tissue (e.g. transport time, transport media and temperature, and other conditions): The bovine eyes were procured from local abattoir and transported in a jar containing Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) and penicillin-streptomycin (100 IU & 100 µg/mL) in an ice box.
- Time interval prior to initiating testing: Not specified.
- indication of any existing defects or lesions in ocular tissue samples: immediately after receiving the eyes in the lab, all eyes were observed for any evidence of vascularization, pigmentation, opacity or scratches. Corneas from eyes free of visible defects were used. 2 out of 12 corneas exhibited initial opacity more than 7. The corneas which exhibited initial opacity < 7 were considered for further experiment.
- Indication of any antibiotics used: yes, penicillin at 100 IU/mL and streptomycin at 100 μg/mL.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent positive control
- yes, concurrent negative control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 750 μL
- Concentration (if solution): undiluted - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 10 min
- Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):
- 2 h
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 replicates.
- Details on study design:
- SELECTION AND PREPARATION OF CORNEAS: Immediately after receiving the eyes in the lab, all eyes were observed for any evidence of vascularization, pigmentation, opacity or scratches. Post pretest examination, selected eyes were dissected to isolate the corneas from surrounding tissue and then placed in a container with fresh HBSS (Hank’s Balanced Salt Solution). The isolated corneas were mounted on the cornea holder. During mounting, it was ensured that the epithelium of the cornea projected into the anterior chamber. EMEM (Eagle Minimum Essential Medium) without phenol red was added in to both the chambers and kept in an incubator (32°C) for 1 hour and 15 minutes. After pre-test incubation, the EMEM from both the chambers was removed and refilled with the fresh EMEM. The pre-treatment cornea reading (lux) was measured and initial opacity was calculated for all corneas. 2 out of 12 corneas exhibited initial opacity more than 7. The corneas which exhibited initial opacity < 7 were considered for further experiment. Post initial opacity measurement, nine corneas with opacity less than 7 were grouped into Negative control, Positive control and Test item treatment groups with 3 corneas per group.
QUALITY CHECK OF THE ISOLATED CORNEAS: Corneas from eyes free of visible defects and with an opacity value inferior than 7 were used.
NUMBER OF REPLICATES: 3
NEGATIVE CONTROL USED: yes. Distilled water.
POSITIVE CONTROL USED: yes. Acetone.
APPLICATION DOSE AND EXPOSURE TIME: 750 μL of undiluted test item, 10 min exposure.
TREATMENT METHOD: closed chamber.
POST-INCUBATION PERIOD: no.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Number of washing steps after exposure period: Anterior chamber was washed three times with EMEM containing phenol red. After, the anterior chamber was rinsed with EMEM without phenol red.
- POST-EXPOSURE INCUBATION: After rinsing, both the chambers were filled with fresh EMEM and further incubated at 32 (±1) ºC for 2 hours before measuring the final opacity.
METHODS FOR MEASURED ENDPOINTS:
- Corneal opacity: Final opacity of all corneas was measured with fresh EMEM using an OP3.0 Opacitometer (Duratec, Germany)
- Corneal permeability: passage of sodium fluorescein dye (optical density at 490 nm) measured with microplate reader (Tecan, Model: Infinite M200).
SCORING SYSTEM: In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS)
DECISION CRITERIA: as indicated in the TG (see table below).
Results and discussion
In vitro
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- in vitro irritation score
- Run / experiment:
- mean
- Value:
- 18.045
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 1.429
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 104.32
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Run / experiment:
- mean
- Value:
- 18
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 1.33
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 96.34
- Irritation parameter:
- other: permeability
- Run / experiment:
- mean
- Value:
- 0
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 0.0066
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks:
- 0.5320
- Other effects / acceptance of results:
- OTHER EFFECTS:
- Visible damage on test system: no.
DEMONSTRATION OF TECHNICAL PROFICIENCY: yes
ACCEPTANCE OF RESULTS:
- A test is considered acceptable if: the positive control gives an IVIS that falls within two standard deviations of the current historical mean and negative/solvent controls gives values of opacity and permeability lower than upper limits for background values.
- Acceptance criteria met for negative control:yes, distilled water response resulted in opacity and permeability values that are less than established upper limits for negative control opacity (1.33) and permeability values (0.0257)
- Acceptance criteria met for positive control: yes, IVIS score of acetone was 104.32 which falls between two standard deviations of the historical mean i.e. 96-128.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Details of Opacity Calculation.
Cornea Holder Number |
Blank value* Io (lux) |
Pre-treatment Cornea reading# I (lux) |
Initial opacity (t0)* |
Treatment group |
Post-treatment Cornea reading$ I (lux) |
Final opacity (10 mins)* |
Change of Opacity |
Corrected Opacity |
Mean Opacity |
2016-123#01 |
502 |
453 |
5 |
Negative control: Distilled water |
448 |
5 |
0 |
NA |
1.33 |
2016-123#02 |
502 |
482 |
2 |
454 |
5 |
3 |
|||
2016-123#04 |
502 |
472 |
3 |
458 |
4 |
1 |
|||
2016-123#21 |
502 |
451 |
5 |
Positive control: Acetone |
140 |
103 |
98 |
96.67 |
96.34 |
2016-123#22 |
502 |
431 |
7 |
130 |
114 |
107 |
105.67 |
||
2016-123#23 |
502 |
472 |
3 |
153 |
91 |
88 |
86.67 |
||
2016-123#11 |
502 |
433 |
7 |
Test item: 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-Dinorbornan-2-one |
319 |
23 |
16 |
14.67 |
18.00 |
2016-123#13 |
502 |
444 |
6 |
346 |
18 |
12 |
10.67 |
||
2016-123#14 |
502 |
449 |
5 |
268 |
35 |
30 |
28.67 |
Remarks:
* Blank value for each cornea holder with medium but without cornea.
# Reading of each cornea holder with cornea and medium (Post pre-test incubation period).
$ 10 minutes post reference item exposure incubation period
Initial/Final opacity = ((I0/I)-b)/a, where I = individual reading, a=0.0251 & b=0.9894 (a and b values are instrument specific constants).
Change of opacity = Final opacity – Initial opacity
Corrected opacity = Change in opacity of each treated cornea – average change of opacity value of negative corneas i.e. “1.33” of distilled water
Mean opacity = Mean of corrected opacity
Table 2. Details of Permeability Calculation
Cornea Holder Number |
Treatment group |
OD490reading (90 mins) |
Blank corrected OD490* |
Negative control corrected OD490# |
Mean |
|
|
||||
NA |
Blank OD reading
|
0.0387 |
NA |
NA |
0.0390 |
0.0379 |
|||||
0.0385 |
|||||
0.0391 |
|||||
0.0414 |
|||||
0.0382 |
|||||
|
|
||||
2016-123#01 |
Negative control: Distilled water |
0.0471 |
0.0081 |
NA |
0.0066 |
0.0479 |
0.0089 |
||||
2016-123#02 |
0.044 |
0.0050 |
|||
0.046 |
0.0070 |
||||
2016-123#04 |
0.0444 |
0.0054 |
|||
0.0442 |
0.0052 |
||||
|
|
||||
2016-123#21 |
Positive Control: Acetone |
0.5713 |
0.5323 |
0.4867 |
0.5320 |
0.5627 |
0.5237 |
0.4781 |
|||
2016-123#22 |
0.3654 |
0.3264 |
0.2808 |
||
0.3687 |
0.3297 |
0.2841 |
|||
2016-123#23 |
0.9224 |
0.8834 |
0.8378 |
||
0.9088 |
0.8698 |
0.8242 |
|||
|
|||||
2016-123#11 |
Test item: 3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-Dinorbornan-2-one |
0.0765 |
0.0375 |
-0.0081 |
0.0003 |
0.075 |
0.0360 |
-0.0096 |
|||
2016-123#13 |
0.0965 |
0.0575 |
0.0119 |
||
0.0975 |
0.0585 |
0.0129 |
|||
2016-123#14 |
0.0807 |
0.0417 |
-0.0039 |
||
0.0833 |
0.0443 |
-0.0013 |
Remarks:
* Blank corrected OD490 = Individual corneal reading OD490 – Mean OD Blank reading
# Negative control corrected OD490 = Individual blank corrected OD490 – Mean of Negative control OD490 reading (Distilled water)
Table 3. Calculation of In Vitro Irritation Score (IVIS*)
Treatment group |
Mean Opacity value |
Mean Permeability value |
IVIS |
Classification |
Negative control (Distilled water) |
1.33 |
0.0066 |
1.429 |
No Category |
Acetone |
96.34 |
0.5320 |
104.32 |
Category I |
3,3-Dimethyl-8,9-Dinorbornan-2-one |
18 |
0.0003 |
18.045 |
No Prediction can be made |
*IVIS = Mean Opacity value + (15 × Mean Permeability value)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: No prediction can be made (CLP Regulation EC no. 1272/2008)
- Conclusions:
- The test item cannot be predicted as not classified for eye irritation/serious eye damage or as causing serious eye damage with the BCOP test method.
- Executive summary:
An in vitro Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability (BCOP) study was conducted in order to determine the potential severe eye damaging effects of the test item according to the OECD guideline 437 under GLP conditions. Three sets consisting of three corneas each were tested: the first set was the negative control, and was treated with 750 μL distilled water; the second set was the positive control, and was treated with 750 μL of acetone and the third set was treated with 750 μL of test item. The corneas were exposured for 10 min after which the test item was washed and then the corneas were kept in incubation for 2 h at 32ºC. After incubation, opacity of the corneas and fluorescein permeability were measured. Negative control and positive control exhibited expected response as No category (IVIS score 1.429) and Category 1 (IVIS score 104.32) respectively. The test item exhibited an IVIS score of 18.045. Thus, it can be concluded that the test ítem cannot be predicted as not classified for eye irritation/serious eye damage or as causing serious eye damage with the BCOP test method.
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