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EC number: 210-511-2 | CAS number: 617-35-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 28 February 2018 - 23 June 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ethyl pyruvate
- EC Number:
- 210-511-2
- EC Name:
- Ethyl pyruvate
- Cas Number:
- 617-35-6
- Molecular formula:
- C5H8O3
- IUPAC Name:
- ethyl 2-oxopropanoate
- Test material form:
- liquid
- Details on test material:
- Identification: EC#210-511-2
CAS No.: 89800-10-2
Chemical name: ethyl pyruvate
Appearance/physical state: very pale yellow liquid
Batch: 61112
Purity: 98.54%
Expiry date: 30 September 2018
Storage conditions: room temperature, in the dark
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Identification: EC#210-511-2
CAS Number: 9800-10-2
Batch: 61112
Purity: 98.54%
Physical state/Appearance: Very pale yellow liquid
Expiry Date: 30 September 2018
Storage Conditions: Room temperature in the dark
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations:
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: stored frozen prior to analysis
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: A nominal amount of test item (200 mg) was dissolved in test water with the aid of ultrasonication for 5 minutes and the volume adjusted to 2 liters to give the 100 mg/L test concentration from which a series of dilutions was made to give further test concentrations of 10, 18, 32 and 56 mg/L.
- Positive control:potassium dichromate
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline:
- Source: Envigo In house laboratory
- Age of parental stock: less than 24 hours old
- Food type: algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and GEMMA Micro 300 suspension (Tetramin® )
- Feeding during test: no
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Lighting cycle: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods.
- Temperature: 18 to 22 °C.
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 20°C to 22°C
- pH:
- 6.7 - 8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.2 - 8.9
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Range finding Test: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L.
Definitive Test (Nominal Test Concentration): 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L.
Definitive Test (Geometric Mean Measured): 0.59, 0.84, 1.2, 4.8 and 25 mg/L. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150 mL glass beakers containing approximately 100 mL of test preparation
- Type of flow-through: semi-staltic
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness cycle with 20-minute dawn and dusk transition periods
- Light intensity: 844 - 875 Lux
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: no
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 4.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Details on results:
- As expected for an ester, it was noted that the parent test item (ethyl pyruvate) hydrolyzed readily when added to test media, reverting to the parent carboxylic acid and alcohol in
solution. Given this, samples were provided for immediate chemical analysis at 0, 24 and 48 hours in bottles spiked with 1% v/v formic acid to effectively halt the hydrolysis reaction
and attain the reaction equilibrium.
Analysis of the freshly prepared test preparations at 0 and 24 hours (see Annex 5) showed measured test concentrations to range from 3.3 to 63 mg/L (32% to 63% of the nominal
concentrations). It was considered that failure to attain near nominal concentrations was due to hydrolysis of the parent test item occurring during the time taken to prepare all serial dilutions. Analysis of the old or expired test preparations at 24 and 48 hour showed measured test concentrations had declined, to range from less than the LOQ determined to be 0.21 mg/L to 14 mg/L. Given this decline in measured test concentrations it was considered justifiable to base the results on the geometric mean measured test concentrations in order to give a "worst case" analysis of the data.
The No Observed Effect Concentration after 24 and 48 hours exposure was 4.8 mg/L. The Lowest Observed Effect Concentration after 24 and 48 hours exposure was 25 mg/L. Due to the nature of the data it was not possible to calculate the slope and error of response curve at 24 or 48 hours.
Sub-lethal effects of exposure were observed in test concentrations of 4.8 and 25 mg/L. These responses were reduced mobility and covered in debris.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Exposure of freshwater invertebrate Daphnia magna to the test item has been investigated and gave the following results based on the geometric mean measured test concentrations at time point 48 h:
EC50 - 25 mg/L
NOEC - 4.8 mg/L
LOEC - 25 mg/L - Executive summary:
Introduction
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of the test item to Daphnia magna. The method followed was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (April 2004) No 202, "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test" referenced as Method C.2 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008.
Methods
Following a preliminary range-finding test and initial experiment, 20 daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to an aqueous solution of the test item at nominal concentrations of 10, 18, 32, 56 and 100 mg/L for 48 hours at a temperature of 20 °C to 22 °C under semi-static test conditions. The number of immobilized daphnia were recorded after 24 and 48 hours.
Results
As expected for an ester, it was noted that the parent test item (ethyl pyruvate) hydrolyzed readily when added to test media, reverting to the parent carboxylic acid and alcohol in solution. Given this, samples were provided for immediate chemical analysis at 0, 24 and 48 hours in bottles spiked with 1% v/v formic acid to effectively halt the hydrolysis reaction and attain the reaction equilibrium. Analysis of the freshly prepared test preparations at 0 and 24 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 3.3 to 63 mg/L (32% to 63% of the nominal concentrations). It was considered that failure to attain near nominal
concentrations was due to hydrolysis of the parent test item occurring during the time taken to prepare all serial dilutions. Analysis of the old or expired test preparations at 24 and 48 hour showed measured test concentrations had declined, to range from less than the limit of quantification (LOQ) determined to be 0.21 mg/L to 14 mg/L. Given this decline in measured test concentrations it was considered justifiable to base the results on the geometric mean measured test concentrations in order to give a "worst case" analysis of the data which were determined to be 0.59, 0.84, 1.2, 4.8 and 25 mg/L.
Exposure of Daphnia magna to the test item gave the following results:
The No Observed Effect Concentration after 24 and 48 hours exposure was 4.8 mg/L. The Lowest Observed Effect Concentration after 24 and 48 hours exposure was 25 mg/L.
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