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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 604-012-2 | CAS number: 137296-15-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- For details and justification of read-across please refer to the attached report in section 13 of IUCLID.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- other: MATC
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 0.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: reproduction and mortality
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 0.42 - < 0.87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: reproduction and mortality
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 0.87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: reproduction and mortality
- Details on results:
- The mean analysed concentrations were within 82 to 92 % of the corresponding nominal values. The ranges of the temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen measurements for all renewal periods during the study were 19.5 to 20.0°C, 8.3 to 8.6 and 8.8 to 9.2 mg/L, respectively. Survival, mean total young per daphnid and mean brood size were equally sensitive and differed significantly from the controls at 0.87 mg NH3-N/L and higher. The MATC, expressed as the geometric mean of 0.42 and 0.87, was 0.60 mg NH3-N/L.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Conducted according to ASTM guideline, but OECD 202 validity criteria are fulfilled.
- Conclusions:
- The 21‐d chronic value, presented as the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC), was between 0.42 and 0.87 mg NH3‐N/L. Expressing the chronic value as the geometric mean of 0.42 and 0.87 resulted in an MATC of 0.60 mg NH3‐N/L.
- Executive summary:
The 21-d chronic toxicity of ammonium chloride to Daphnia magna was studied under semi-static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to the control and the test chemical for 21 d at measured concentrations between 0 and 3.65 mg/L (see Table 1 under Results). Mortality was observed daily. The 21-d chronic value, presented as the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC), was at 0.60 mg NH3-N/L.
Although this study is conducted according to thestatic renewal method described by Gersich (1984), methods align with the OECD Test Guideline No. 211.Results can therefore be regarded as valid and a Klimisch 2 has been assigned for this study.
Results synopsis
Test organism age: Neonates (< 24 h)
Test type: semi-static
MATC: 0.60 mg NH3-N/L -> 41.3 total NH3-N/L (ammonium-(S)-lactate)
NOEC: >= 0.42 - < 0.87 mg NH3 -N/L -> >= 28.67 - < 59.39 mg/L (ammonium-(S)-lactate)
LOEC: 0.87 mg NH3 -N/L -> 59.39 mg/L (ammonium-(S)-lactate)
Endpoint(s) effected: Mortality and reproduction
The study is used in a read-across approach to assess the toxicity of ammonium-S-lactate and the observed MATC of 0.60 mg NH3 -N/L corresponds to a MATC of 41.3 total NH3 -N/L for ammonium-S-lactate. For details and justification of read-across please refer to the attached report in section 13 of IUCLID.
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Data waiving:
- study scientifically not necessary / other information available
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Results of chronic exposure Daphnia magna to ammonia for 21 d.
Mean analyzed concentration (mg NH3-N/L) |
Survival (%) |
Mean total young/Daphnid |
Mean total number of broods/Daphnid |
Mean brood size/Daphnid |
0 |
100 |
66.7±4.3 |
4.0±0.3 |
17.5±0.6 |
0.22±0.05 |
95±10 |
67.6±6.4 |
3.6±0.7 |
17.7±0.5 |
0.42±0.07 |
100 |
62.7±5.2 |
3.6±0.5 |
17.4±0.2 |
0.87±0.13 |
85±10 |
49.3±4.2 |
3.4±0.7 |
14.7±0.6 |
1.88±0.16 |
35±25 |
28.3±3.3 |
2.6±1.5 |
9.1±0.3 |
3.65±0.25 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Description of key information
According to REACH Annex IX 6.1, column 2, further investigations of effects on aquatic invertebrates are not indicated when the substance is not classified as dangerous to the environment, and not assessed to be a PBT or vPvB substance. Neither criteria apply to ammonium-S-lactate and therefore, a long-term toxicity study in aquatic invertebrates in not considered to be required.
Nevertheless, a study on ammonium chloride is available to cover the ammonia moiety of the substance and is used in a read across approach. In this 21-day semi-static study (Gersich and Hopkins, 1986) the NOEC was determined at ≥ 0.42–< 0.87 mg NH3-N/L (corresponding to ≥ 28.67–< 59.39 mg/L ammonium-S-lactate) and the LOEC was observed to be 0.87 mg NH3-N/L (corresponding to 59.39 mg/L amonnium-S-lactate) based on mortality and reproduction of Daphnia magna. This observation confirms findings from short-time studies and supports the conclusion on innocuousness of ammonium-S-lactate in the environment. The study is combined with a waiver because no separate study is available for the lactate moiety of ammonium-S-lactate. Neither lactate nor ammonium-S-lactate (outlined above) are hazardous to the environment, therefore further testing is not considered to be required and in line with REACH Annex IX, 9.6.1 requirements.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect concentration:
- ca. 28.67 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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