Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 231-128-7 | CAS number: 7440-19-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Water solubility
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- water solubility
- Data waiving:
- study technically not feasible
- Justification for data waiving:
- other:
- Justification for type of information:
- JUSTIFICATION FOR DATA WAIVING
In accordance with Section 2 of REACH Annex XI, information requirement section 7.8, this study does not need to be conducted as testing is not technically possible. It is not possible to produce a powdered form of the substance that would be suitable for testing as the powdered form of the substance is flammable.
OECD 29 necessitates testing on powders or testing on spheres of substance with 1 mm diameter (to represent the massive form). It is not possible to produce samarium metal in the form required for testing. - Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 6 May 2013 to 24 June 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- The surface of samarium metal oxidises on contact with air to form an outer layer of samarium oxide. It is therefore considered appropriate to read across information from samarium oxide to the metal where testing on the metal is not technically possible. It is not possible to produce a powdered form of the samarium metal that would be suitable for testing, as the powdered form of the substance is flammable.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- other: read across target
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 29 (23-Jul-2001): Guidance document on transformation/dissolution of metals and metal compounds in aqueous media
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- other: flask method with ICP-OES analysis
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 963 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sm
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- 20 °C; pH 5.5
- Remarks on result:
- other: Result relevant to day 14
- Details on results:
- - Preliminary Test
The highest concentration of samarium was measured at pH 5.5 (15.3 mg/L Sm). The main study was therefore conducted at pH 5.5.
- Main Test
ln the period 2 h - 14 days, the samarium concentration lay in the range 262 - 828 µg/L.
The measured concentrations of samarium on days 21 and 28 were nearly identical: 674 and 671 µg/L (mean values), respectively.
The lower concentration of samarium on days 21 and 28 in comparison to day 14 is a result of the addition of 150 mL fresh medium after sampling on day 14 (replenishing as demanded in guideline). As the test material was almost completely dissolved on day 14, the test solution was diluted with the medium. The same
concentration of samarium in the flasks 3 - 5 on days 21 and 28 suggests that no undissolved test material was available in the test solution after dilution on day 14.
Therefore, the concentration of samarium was stated as 828 µg/L (mean value of flasks 3 - 5 on day 14, nominal concentration of the test material 1000 µg/L). This corresponds to a test material concentration of 963 µg/L. Almost complete dissolution of the test material was already observed on day 14. - Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the study the test material was almost completely dissolved following a 14-day dissolution period. The water solubility of samarium oxide was therefore concluded to be 963 µg/L at 20 °C, pH 5.5.
- Executive summary:
The transformation/dissolution of the test material was investigated in a study which was conducted in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 29 and under GLP conditions.
Following a preliminary study conducted at different environmentally relevant pH levels, it was concluded that the highest release occurred at pH 5.5. The main test was therefore conducted at pH 5.5.
ln the period 2 h - 14 days, the samarium concentration lay in the range 262 - 828 µg/L.
The measured concentrations of samarium on days 21 and 28 were nearly identical: 674 and 671 µg/L (mean values), respectively.
The lower concentration of samarium on days 21 and 28 in comparison to day 14 is a result of the addition of 150 mL fresh medium after sampling on day 14 (replenishing as required in the guideline). As the test material was almost completely dissolved on day 14, the test solution was diluted with the medium. The same concentration of samarium in the flasks 3 - 5 on days 21 and 28 suggests that no undissolved test material was available in the test solution after dilution on day 14.
Therefore, the concentration of samarium was stated as 828 µg/L (mean value of flasks 3 - 5 on day 14, nominal concentration of the test material 1000 µg/L). This corresponds to a test material concentration of 963 µg/L. Almost complete dissolution of the test material was already observed on day 14.
- Endpoint:
- transformation / dissolution of metals and inorganic metal compounds
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted on read-across material
- Justification for type of information:
- The surface of samarium metal oxidises on contact with air to form an outer layer of samarium oxide. It is therefore considered appropriate to read across information from samarium oxide to the metal where testing on the metal is not technically possible. It is not possible to produce a powdered form of the samarium metal that would be suitable for testing, as the powdered form of the substance is flammable.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Type of test:
- full transformation/dissolution test - metals and sparingly soluble metal compounds
- Mean dissolved conc.:
- 963 µg/L
- Element analysed:
- Sm
- Loading of aqueous phase:
- 1 mg/L
- Incubation duration:
- 28 d
- Test conditions:
- 20 °C; pH 5.5
- Remarks on result:
- other: result relevant to day 14
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
In accordance with Section 2 of REACH Annex XI, information requirement section 7.8, this study does not need to be conducted as testing is not technically possible. It is not possible to produce a powdered form of the substance that would be suitable for testing as the powdered form of the substance is flammable.
OECD 29 necessitates testing on powders or testing on spheres of substance with 1 mm diameter (to represent the massive form). It is not possible to produce samarium metal in the form required for testing.
- Supporting information on the read-across substance, samarium oxide
Findings from a transformation/ dissolution protocol study indicate that the water solubility of samarium oxide is 963 µg/L at 20 °C, pH 5.5.
Since the surface of samarium metal oxidises on contact with air to form an outer layer of samarium oxide, it is considered appropriate to read across information from samarium oxide to the metal where testing on the metal is not technically possible.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
In accordance with Section 2 of REACH Annex XI, information requirement section 7.8, this study does not need to be conducted as testing is not technically possible. It is not possible to produce a powdered form of the substance that would be suitable for testing as the powdered form of the substance is flammable.
OECD 29 necessitates testing on powders or testing on spheres of substance with 1 mm diameter (to represent the massive form). It is not possible to produce samarium metal in the form required for testing.
- Supporting information on the read-across substance, samarium oxide
The transformation/dissolution of the read across substance, samarium oxide, was investigated in a study which was conducted in accordance with the standardised guideline OECD 29 and under GLP conditions.
Following a prelminary study conducted at different environmentally relevant pH levels, it was concluded that the highest release occurred at pH 5.5. The main test was therefore conducted at pH 5.5.
ln the period 2 h - 14 days, the samarium concentration lay in the range 262 - 828 µg/L.
The measured concentrations of samarium on days 21 and 28 were nearly identical: 674 and 671 µg/L (mean values), respectively.
The lower concentration of samarium on days 21 and 28 in comparison to day 14 is a result of the addition of 150 mL fresh medium after sampling on day 14 (replenishing as demanded in guideline). As the test material was almost completely dissolved on day 14, the test solution was diluted with the medium. The same concentration of samarium in the flasks 3 - 5 on days 21 and 28 suggests that no undissolved test material was available in the test solution after dilution on day 14.
Therefore, the concentration of samarium was stated as 828 µg/L (mean value of flasks 3 - 5 on day 14, nominal concentration of the test material 1000 µg/L). This corresponds to a test material concentration of 963 µg/L. Almost complete dissolution of the test material was already observed on day 14.
Since the surface of samarium metal oxidises on contact with air to form an outer layer of samarium oxide, it is considered appropriate to read across information from samarium oxide to the metal where testing on the metal is not technically possible.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.