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EC number: 201-851-2 | CAS number: 88-68-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin sensitisation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 015
- Report date:
- 2015
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of study:
- mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Anthranilamide
- EC Number:
- 201-851-2
- EC Name:
- Anthranilamide
- Cas Number:
- 88-68-6
- Molecular formula:
- C7H8N2O
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-aminobenzamide
- Test material form:
- other: solid
- Details on test material:
- Identification: Anthranilamide
Test Item No.: 15/0042-1
Batch: 0005190619
CAS-No.: 88-68-6
Content: w (main component): approx. 100.1 g/100 g Determined by potentiometric titration, for details see analytical report No.: 15L00067
Physical state, appearance: Beige solid
Homogeneity: The test item appeared to be homogeneous
Expiry Date: 19 January 2016
Storage Conditions: (provided by the Sponsor) At room temperature
Constituent 1
In vivo test system
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- CBA
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan Laboratories B.V, Netherlands
- Females (if applicable) nulliparous and non-pregnant: [yes]
- Age at study initiation: 9 - 12 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 19 - 22 g
- Housing: Makrolon Type II (pre-test) / III (main study), with wire mesh top
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): 2018C Teklad Global 18% protein rodent diet (certified), ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: at least 5 days prior to the start of dosing
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 + 2°C
- Humidity (%): 45-65%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light):12/12
Study design: in vivo (LLNA)
- Vehicle:
- dimethyl sulphoxide
- Concentration:
- 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5%
- No. of animals per dose:
- 5 females
- Details on study design:
- PRE-SCREEN TESTS:
- Compound solubility: A solubility experiment was performed according to the recommendations given by OECD 429. The highest test item concentration, which could be technically used was a 50% suspension in DMSO. At a concentration of 25% and below, the test item could be dissolved in the vehicle. Vortexing was used to formulate the test item
- Irritation: Vortexing was used to formulate the test item. To determine the highest non-irritant test concentration that at the same time did not induce signs of systemic toxicity, a pre-test was performed in two animals. Two mice were treated by (epidermal) topical application to the dorsal surface of each ear with test item concentrations of 25 and 50% once daily each on three consecutive days. Prior to the first application of the test item and before sacrifice the body weight was determined. Clinicalsigns were recorded at least once daily. Eventual signs of local irritation were documented and a score was used to grade a possible erythema of the ear skin. Furthermore, prior to the first application of the test item (day 1), on day 3 and before sacrifice (day 6) the ear thickness was determined using a micrometer. Additionally, for both animals, the ears were punched after sacrifice (day 6) at the apical area using a biopsy punch (Ø 8 mm corresponding to 0.5 cm2) and were immediately pooled per animal and weighed using an analytical balance. Eventual ear irritation was considered to be excessive if an erythema of the ear skin of a score value ≥3 was observed at any observation time and/or if an increase in ear thickness of ≥25% was recorded on day 3 or day 6
MAIN STUDY:
- Topical application:Each test group of mice was treated by (epidermal) topical application to the dorsal surface of each ear with test item concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% in DMSO. The application volume, 25 µL/ear/day, was spread over the entire dorsal surface (∅ ∼ 8 mm) of each ear once daily for three consecutive days. A further group of mice (control animals) was treated with an equivalent volume of the relevant vehicle alone (control animals).
- Administration of 3 H-methyl-thymidine: Five days after the first topical application (day 6) 250 µL of phosphate-buffered saline containing 19.8 µCi of 3 H-methyl thymidine (equivalent to 79.3 µCi/mL 3 HTdR) were injected into each test and control mouse via the tail vein.
- Determination of incorporated 3 HTdR: Approximately five hours after treatment with 3 HTdR all mice were euthanised by using CO2, which was, after harvesting of the lymph nodes, followed by cervical dislocation to ensure death. The draining lymph nodes were rapidly excised and pooled per animal (2 nodes per animal). Single cell suspensions (in phosphate buffered saline) of pooled lymph node cells were prepared by gentle mechanical disaggregation through stainless steel gauze (200 µm mesh size). After washing two times with phosphate buffered saline (approx. 10 mL) the lymph node cells were resuspended in 5 % trichloroacetic acid (approx. 3 mL) and incubated at approximately +4 °C for at least 18 hours for precipitation of macromolecules. The precipitates were then resuspended in 5 % trichloroacetic acid (1 mL) and transferred to scintillation vials with 10 mL of scintillation liquid and thoroughly mixed. The level of 3 HTdR incorporation was then measured in a βscintillation counter. Similarly, background 3 HTdR levels were also measured in two 1 mLaliquots of 5 % trichloroacetic acid. The β-scintillation counter expresses 3 HTdR incorporation as the number of radioactive disintegrations per minute.
- Determination of Lymph Node Weight and Cell Count: After excision, the lymph nodes were pooled per animal and weighed immediately using an analytical balance. Furthermore, the lymph node cell count was determined for each animal. For this, the volume of the cell suspensions was adjusted to an equal final volume and vortexed. Subsequently, individual cell counts were determined using a cell counter (CASY® DT, Schärfe System). The values obtained were taken down manually.
- Determination of Ear Weights: After the lymph nodes had been excised, both ears (left and right) of mice were punched at the apical area using a biopsy punch (Ø 8 mm corresponding to 0.5 cm2). For each animal both punches were immediately weighed (pooled per animal) using an analytical balance.
TREATMENT PREPARATION AND ADMINISTRATION:
The test item was placed into an appropriate container on a tared balance and DMSO was added. The different test item concentrations were prepared individually. The preparations were made freshly and used within two hours before each dosing occasion. Concentrations were in terms of material as supplied. - Positive control substance(s):
- hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
Results and discussion
In vivo (LLNA)
Resultsopen allclose all
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1
- Test group / Remarks:
- 0%
- Remarks on result:
- other: negative control
- Key result
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1.21
- Test group / Remarks:
- 0,50%
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1.31
- Test group / Remarks:
- 0,25%
- Parameter:
- SI
- Value:
- 1.18
- Test group / Remarks:
- 0,10%
- Cellular proliferation data / Observations:
- DETAILS ON STIMULATION INDEX CALCULATION
Concentration Disintegrations per minute (DPM)
0% 2070.7
0,10% 2440.5
0,25% 2710.1
0,50% 2509.1
Any other information on results incl. tables
Viability / Mortality: No deaths occurred during the study period.
Clinical Signs: No signs of systemic toxicity were observed during the study period. From day 3 to 5, the animals treated with 0.25 and 0.5%, showed an erythema of the ear skin.
Body Weights: The body weight of the animals, recorded prior to the first application and prior to treatment with 3 HTdR, was within the range, commonly recorded for animals of this strain and age. However slight weight loss in the control group was observed (-3.6%).
Lymph Node Weights and Cell Counts: The measured lymph node weights and cell counts of all animals treated were recorded after sacrifice. A statistically significant or biologically relevant increase in lymph node weights or cell counts was not observed in any of the test item treated groups in comparison to the vehicle control group. For BALB/c mice, a cut-off value for the lymph node cell count index of 1.55 was reported for a positive response (See Ref. 8). The indices determined for the lymph node cell count did not reach or exceed this threshold.
Ear Weights: The measured ear weight of all animals treated was recorded on test day 6 (after necropsy). A biologically relevant or statistically significant increase in ear weights was not observed. Furthermore, the cut-off value of the ear weight index for a positive response regarding ear skin irritation reported for BALB/c mice was not reached or exceeded in any of the treated groups.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not sensitising
- Remarks:
- Migrated information
- Conclusions:
- The test item Anthranilamide was not a skin sensitizer.
- Executive summary:
In order to study a possible skin sensitising potential of Anthranilamide, three groups each of five female mice were treated once daily with the test item at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% in DMSO by topical application to the dorsum of each ear for three consecutive days. The test item could be dissolved in the vehicle. The appropriateness of the used concentrations was previously assessed by four pre-experiments. A control group of five mice was treated with the vehicle DMSO only. Five days after the first topical application the mice were injected intravenously into a tail vein with radio-labelled thymidine (3H-methyl thymidine). Approximately five hours after intravenous injection, the mice were sacrificed, the draining auricular lymph nodes excised, pooled per animal and immediately weighed. Furthermore, after excision of the lymph nodes, both ears of the mice were punched at the apical area using a biopsy punch and were immediately weighed pooled per animal using an analytical balance. Afterwards single cell suspensions of lymph node cells were prepared from pooled lymph nodes per animal. An aliquot of each cell suspension was used for determination of lymph node cell count. Subsequently the suspensions were washed and incubated with trichloroacetic acid overnight. The proliferative capacity of pooled lymph node cells was determined by the incorporation of 3H-methyl thymidine measured in a β-scintillation counter. The animals showed neither signs of systemic toxicity nor mortality during the course of the study. From day 3 to 5, the animals treated with 0.25 and 0.5% showed an erythema of the ear skin (score 1). A statistically significant or biologically relevant increase in ear weights was not observed in any treated group in comparison to the vehicle control group. Furthermore, for BALB/c mice, a cut-off value of 1.1 for the ear weight index was reported for a positive response regarding ear skin irritation. None of the indices determined for the test item treated groups reached or exceeded this threshold. A test item is regarded as a sensitiser in the LLNA if exposure to one or more test item concentration results in a 3-fold or greater increase in incorporation of 3HTdR compared with concurrent controls, as indicated by the Stimulation Index (S.I.). The estimated test item concentration required to produce a S.I. of 3 is referred to as the EC3 value. In this study Stimulation Indices (S.I.) of 1.18, 1.31, and 1.21 were determined with the test item at concentrations of 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5% (w/w) in DMSO, respectively. A statistically significant or biologically relevant increase in DPM value and also in lymph node weight and - cell count was not observed in any treated group in comparison to the vehicle control group. Furthermore, the cut-off value of 1.55 for a positive response regarding the lymph node cell count index reported for BALB/c mice was not reached or exceeded in any dose group. The EC3 value could not be calculated, since none of the tested concentrations induced a S.I. greater than the threshold value of 3.
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