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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 700-150-3 | CAS number: 156572-81-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation / corrosion
- Remarks:
- other: Review report
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Fatty acid sulphoalkyl amides and esters as cosmetic surfactants.
- Author:
- Petter P.J.
- Year:
- 1 994
- Bibliographic source:
- International Journal of Cosmetic Science 6, 249 ¿ 260.
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The author provides a comprehensive review of the manufacture, properties and applications of the anionic surfactants known as taurates and isethionates (fatty acids sulphoalkyl amide and esters, respectively). This includes a review of the toxicological properties, with emphasis on the skin irritancy.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Taurates and Isethionates
- IUPAC Name:
- Taurates and Isethionates
- Reference substance name:
- fatty acids sulphoalkyl amide and esters
- IUPAC Name:
- fatty acids sulphoalkyl amide and esters
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
In the paper, the lack of skin irritation is documented as the most noteworthy (toxicological) feature of the isethionates. Petter refers to reviews by other authors (Frosch, 1982; Fremaux, 1982) to substantiate this. A review by Frosch found that isethionate based bars were milder than any other product.
Data published by Fremaux demonstrates the mildness of SCI to skin compared to other commonly used anionic and amphoteric surfactants. In Fremaux's study the following surfactants were tested for irritancy on intact rabbit skin (various concentrations, ranging from 1.8 to 28%, kept in contact with shaved skin for 24 hours), to give an irritation rating versus concentration:
Sodium lauryl sulphate,
TEA-lauryl sulphate,
Cocounut acid cycloimidinium derivative,
ammonium laureth-3-sulphate
sodium cocoyl isethionate
Fremaux found that irritancy decreased in the order given above, with alkyl sulphates (e.g. sodium lauryl sulphate) being the most irritant and isethionate showing only negligible irritation As reported by Petter, the reduced differences in irritancy have been related to the effects of surfactants in reducing water binding capacity of the stratum corneum. The author refers to a study by Middleton (1969), which demonstrates that sodium lauryl sulphate can extract lipid from the corneum cell walls, resulting in increasing permeability and allowing the escape of intracellular water soluble substances, responsible for much of the water binding ability. SLI was found to extract less material from the cell wall and had little effect on water binding. The study by Fremaux also found water binding data consistent with this for these two types of surfactants.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- slightly irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- Data reviewed by the author demonstrate that isethionates, including SCI have low irritancy to skin.
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