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EC number: 256-783-6 | CAS number: 50814-31-8 This substance is identified in the Colour Index by Colour Index Constitution Number, C.I. 40215.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- Source study has reliability 2. Details on the read across are attached in section 13.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): culture collection algae and protoyoo (Cumbria, Reino Unido)
ACCLIMATION
- Temperature: 22 ± 2 °C
- Light intensity: 2500 Lux.
- Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 22 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- pH at start: 7.20
pH at the end: 7.03
pH minimum concentration at start: 7.19
pH minimum concentration at the end: 7.17
pH maximum concentration at start: 7.49
pH maximum concentration at the end: 7.22 - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations are: 10 ,17, 29, 37, 48, 62, 100 mg/l
Actual concentrations are: 10.1, 17.2, 29.3, 37.3, 48.4, 62.6, 100.9 mg /l - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The substance was tested according to OECD 201.
ErC50 (72h) > 100 mg/l. - Executive summary:
Method
Inhibition on the algae growth was assessed exposing the unicellular alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Selenastrum capricornutum) to test substance according to OECD guideline 201 (1984). Nominal concentrations tested were 10, 17, 29, 37, 48, 62 and 100 mg/l.
Results
At the end of the 72 -hour exposure period, effect on growth rate was ca. 29 % at the highest tested dose of 100 mg/l. Therefore, ErC50 (72h) > 100 mg/l.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- other: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Remarks:
- Source study has reliablity 1. Details on the read across are attached in section 13.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 62.3, 250, 1000 mg/l
- Sampling method: The stock solution of the biological test was diluted 1000fold with test medium. Due to precipitation effects, samples with a nominal concentration of 250 mg/l and 1000 mg/l must have been filtered first. Samples with a nominal concentration of 62.3 mg/l and 250 mg/l were diluted 10fold with test medium. Samples with a nominal concentration of 1000 mg/l were diluted 100fold with test medium.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: the samples were stored deep-frozen (-20 °C) until the analysis was performed. - Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Scenedesmus subspicatus CHODAT
- Common name: unicellular green algal species.
- Strain: No. 8681 SAG
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Sammlung von Algenkulturen, Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut der Universität, D-3400 Göttingen, F.R:G.
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): algae were grown in the laboratories of RCC
- Method of cultivation: under standardized conditions according to the OECD guideline 201.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 72h
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): 10000 cells per ml test solution were taken from a sterile pre-culture, at the same conditions as in the test. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- Samples of 1 ml test solutions were sterily taken out of all flasks after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours of exposure.
- Hardness:
- n.a.
- Test temperature:
- In the test media during the test duration temperature was 21.0 - 23.4 °C.
- pH:
- At the start of the test pH-values in the test media were in range of pH 7.8 to 7.9, at the end of the test pH-values were meausured between pH 8.2 and 10.3.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- n.a.
- Salinity:
- n.a.
- Conductivity:
- n.a.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations tested were 62.3, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg test substance/l and a control without any additions. The concentrations in the analysed test media of the concentrations 62.3 and 1000 mg/l were in the range of 92.8 to 103.9% of the nominal values. The mesured concentration in the stock solution amounted to 105.5% of the nominal value.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks stoppered with permaeble plugs.
- Test solutions were incubated on a laboratory shaker in an air-conditioned room
- Initial cells density: 10000 cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: according to OECD guideline 201
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: 7.8 at the begining of the test
- Photoperiod: continuous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: 8000 lux (± 20 %)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Determination of cell concentrations: electronical particle counter (AL CELLCOUNTER Model 871)
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 344.8 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% conf. limits
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 27.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% conf. limits
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 335.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% conf. limits
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 19 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% conf. limits
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 62.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 62.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- The concentrations in the analysed test media of the concentrations 62.3 and 1000 mg/l were in the range of 92.8 to 103.9% of the nominal values. In these test media, incubated under test conditions (but withouth algae), the test substance was sufficiently stable. In the analytical samples of the nominal concentration of 250 mg/l a precipitation was observed and must have been removed by filtration prior to analysis. Therefore low recovery values of the test substance were found in this concentration.
The reported results are related to the nominal concentrations of the substance. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The substance was tested according to guideline OECD 201.
At the highest concentration tested, algae biomass was inhibited by about 70% growth rate only by about 19% at the end of the test. EC50 (96h) > 1000 mg/l. - Executive summary:
Method
Toxicity to aquatic algae was determined according to OECD guideline 201. A 96 -hour static test was run using green algae Scenedesmus subspicatus Chodat; effect on growth rate was assessed.
Nominal concentrations tested were 62.3, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg test substance/l and a control without any additions.
Results
Test sample has a low inhibition effect on the growth of algae. At the highest concentration tested, algae biomass was inhibited by about 70 %, growth rate only by about 19 % at the end of the test. In conclusion, ErC50 (96h) > 1000 mg/l.
Referenceopen allclose all
Cells concentrations
replications | control | concentration (mg/l) | |||||||
no. cells/ml | 0h | 72h | 10 | 17 | 29 | 37 | 48 | 62 | 100 |
1 | 4.10 104 | 6.70 105 | 6.73 105 | 6.05 105 | 5.68 105 | 5.77 105 | 5.64 105 | 5.38 105 | 4.98 105 |
2 | 3.90 104 | 6.90 105 | 5.73 105 | 6.11 105 | 5.72 105 | 5.73 105 | 5.60 105 | 5.36 105 | 4.96 105 |
Promedio | 4.00 104 | 6.80 105 | 6.23 105 | 6.08 105 | 5.70 105 | 5.75 105 | 5.62 105 | 5.37 105 | 4.97 105 |
sd | 1414 | 14142 | 70711 | 4243 | 2828 | 2828 | 2828 | 1414 | 1414 |
CV | 4 | 2 | 11 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
% growth inhibition: defined as biomass at the end of the exposition period (72h) minus the initial biomass (0h).
conc. (mg/l) | % growth inhibition |
control | 0 |
10 | 8.9 |
17 | 11.3 |
29 | 17.2 |
37 | 16.4 |
48 | 18.4 |
62 | 22.3 |
100 | 28.6 |
Influence of the test substance on algae growth (cells × 103/ml) during the test duration of 96 hours
Concentration | 24h rep./mean | 48h rep. /mean | 72h rep. /mean | 96h rep./mean |
Control | 42.6 | 260.8 | 1178.7 | 3013.0 |
62.3 mg/l | 36.0 | 198.9 | 1032.6 | 2322.4 |
125.0 mg/l | 33.3 | 155.6 | 778.1 | 1598.0 |
250.0 mg/l | 28.7 | 145.3 | 660.3 | 1501.3 |
500.0 mg/l | 26.6 | 120.1 | 552.6 | 1564.7 |
1000 mg/l | 23.7 | 91.4 | 322.6 | 1041.3 |
Rep.: replicate
Influence of test substance on algae growth (growth rate μ and percentage inhibition of μ)
Nominal test subst. concentration | μ (0 -72h) | Iμ (0 -72h) | μ (0 -96h) | Iμ (0 -96h) |
Control | 1.590 | - | 1.428 | - |
62.3 mg/l | 1.547 | 2.7 | 1.363 | 4.6 |
125.0 mg/l | 1.453 | 8.6 | 1.270 | 11.0 |
250.0 mg/l | 1.397 | 12.2 | 1.253 | 12.3 |
500.0 mg/l | 1.337 | 15.9 | 1.265 | 11.4 |
1000.0 mg/l | 1.160 | 27.0 | 1.163 | 18.6 |
Results obtained for the concentrations of the test substance in test medium:
Nominal concentration (mg/l) | Sampling day | Conc. Test substance (mg/l)* | % of nominal |
62.3 62.3
250.0 250.0
1000 1000
Control sample Control sample |
0 4
0 4
0 4
0 4 |
64.7 57.8
57.3 56.8
1028.3 950.4
---** ---** |
103.9 92.8
22.9 22.7
102.8 95.0
--- --- |
* Mean value of a repeated test
** Counts were below lowest calibration point
Description of key information
OECD 201, 1991, algae, EC50(96h) > 1000 mg/l.
OECD 201, 2003, algae, EC50 (72 -96h) > 100 mg/l
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
No experimental data on target substance was available, thus a read across approach followed as detailed in section 13.
The assessment relied on studies on Similar Sustance 01 and Similar Substance 02, conducted according to OECD guideline 201.
Similar Substance 01 (91 % of active substance) was tested at nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 62.3, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/l. Exposure duration was up to 96 h under static exposure condition. Inhibition of growth rate was ca. 19 % after 96 h of exposure, thus ErC50 > 1000 mg/l.
Similar Substance 02 (10 % of active substance) was tested at nominal concentration of 0 (control), 10, 17, 29, 37, 48, 62, 100 mg/l for 72 hours under static exposure conditions. At the end of exposure, inhibition of growth rate was ca. 29 % at 100 mg/l, thus implying ErC50 (72h) > 100 mg/l.
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