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EC number: 258-556-7 | CAS number: 53445-37-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1994-01-12 to 1994-02-03
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 994
- Report date:
- 1994
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD 202, part 2 (1984)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- (see below, Overall remarks)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2,2,4(or 2,4,4)-trimethyladipic acid
- EC Number:
- 258-556-7
- EC Name:
- 2,2,4(or 2,4,4)-trimethyladipic acid
- Cas Number:
- 53445-37-7
- Molecular formula:
- C9H16O4
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,2,4-trimethylhexanedioic acid; 2,4,4-trimethylhexanedioic acid
- Details on test material:
- 2,2,4(or 2,4,4)-Trimethyladipic acid of Hüls AG, produced 25 March 1992. Sample from continuous production, storage tank FA 975.
Purity 90 % w/w, sample ID 3630/81389, sample No. 1324/920707
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- MONITORING OF TEST SUBSTANCE CONCENTRATION
- For 25 and 50 mg/l (nominal) on days 0, 9, and 14 (fresh solutions) and 2, 12, and 16 (before renewal).
- For 100 mg/l (nominal) only on days 0 and 2. Concentrations at 6 and 12 mg/l were below the detection limit.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- STOCK AND TEST SOLUTION AND THEIR PREPARATION
- 1.1 g test substance were dissolved in 1 litre of deinized water
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISMS
- Strain: Daphnia magna, clone 5
- Source/supplier: Hüls AG (inhouse)
- Breeding method: In M4 medium (Elendt, 1990), water renewal each 2-3 days, isolation of offspring for further breeding each ca. 4 weeks
- Age: < 24 hours on day 0
- Feeding: Scenedesmus subspicatus, daily as much as consumed
- Pretreatment: Removal of adults 24 h prior to testing
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 21 +- 1 °C
- pH:
- pH: 7.0-7.6 (0-25 mg/l); 5.9-7.3 (50 mg/l) (6 determinations per concentration, no data reported for 100 mg/l)
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 94-101 % saturation (6 determinations per concentration, no data reported for 100 mg/l)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Concentrations: 6; 12; 25; 50; 100 mg/l (nominal)
For measured concentrations see below (Remarks on results) - Details on test conditions:
- DILUTION WATER
- Synthetic freshwater according to Elendt (1990)
TEST SYSTEM
- Renewal of test solution: Each Monday, Wednesday, and Friday
- Exposure vessel type: 150 ml beakers with approx. 80 ml test solution
- Number of replicates, individuals per replicate: 10 replicates + 2 spare replicates (to substitute males if required) with 1 individual each
- Controls: as above, but without test substance
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours 1000 Lux / 8 hours 100 Lux
FEEDING
- Daily with Scenedesmus subspicatus; days 0-6: 5.0E+06 cells/animal daily; days 7-21: 1.0E+07 cells/animal daily - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 22 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Duration:
- 22 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: all parent animals died
- Details on results:
- At 50 mg/L, 4 % inhibition of the reproduction rate was determined. However, this deviation from the controls proved to be not significant. Hence the NOEC was determined as 50.0 mg/L.
Any other information on results incl. tables
- Nominal/measured concentrations (HPLC/UV):
25 / 50 / 100 mg/l nominal
24 / 49 / 93 mg/l mean of measured (fresh solutions)
25 / 52 / 103 mg/l measured, day 2, solution with daphnia
26 / 52 /n.d. mg/l measured, day 12, solution with daphnia
26 / 52 /n.d. mg/l measured, day 16, solution with daphnia
20 / 46 / 101 mg/l measured, day 2, solution without daphnia
24 / 49 /n.d. mg/l measured, day 12, solution without daphnia
24 / 45 /n.d. mg/l measured, day 16, solution without daphnia
n.d. = not determined. All analytical values were within +- 20 % of nominal.
Thus the evaluation was based on nominal concentrations.
- Effect data (Immobilisation and reproduction):
--------------------------------------------------------
Concentration Mortality Offspring/adult Inhibition
--------------------------------------------------------
0 mg/l 0 % 56 +- 10 0 %
6 mg/l 0 % 62 +- 9 -10 %
12 mg/l 0 % 62 +- 12 -11 %
25 mg/l 0 % 55 +- 13 2 %
50 mg/l 0 % 54 +- 11 4 %
100 mg/l 100 % 0 +- 0 100 %
--------------------------------------------------------
Inhibition at 25 and 50 mg/l was not significant (t-test, alpha = 0.05)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The NOEC (reproduction) of 2,2,4(or 2,4,4)-trimethyladipic acid was determined as 50 mg/L indicating a chronic hazard to aquatic invertebrates
- Executive summary:
The chronic effects of 2,2,4(or 2,4,4)-trimethyladipic acid on Daphnia magna were investigated by Hüls AG (1994) according to OECD 202, part 2 (1984). Five concentrations ranging from 6 to 100 mg/L were tested over a period of 21 days. Mortality of the parent animals and the reproduction rate were studied. No effects on mortality and reproduction were observed at 50 mg/L. The following endpoints were derived:
NOEC (reproduction): 50 mg/L
The study was assessed as "reliable without restrictions".
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