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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 453-460-3 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Acceptable, well-documented publication meeting basic scientific principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Absorbability by Rats of Compounds Containing form One to Eight Ester Groups
- Author:
- Mattson, F.H. and Nolen, G.A.
- Year:
- 1 972
- Bibliographic source:
- The Journal of Nutrition, 102: 1171-1176.
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- absorption
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The absorbability of the fatty acid moiety of the complete, oleate esters of alcohols containing from one to six hydroxyl groups was determined by the fat balance technique in adult rats. Similarly, the absorbability of sucrose octaoleate and sucrose monooleate was determined.
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- oleate esters of alcohols containing from one to six hydroxyl groups
- IUPAC Name:
- oleate esters of alcohols containing from one to six hydroxyl groups
- Details on test material:
- By a combination of urea adduction and low-temperature solvent crystallization, ethyl oleate of better than 98% purity was isolated from the ethyl esters prepared from olive oil. The alcohols used in the preparation of the esters were obtained from commercial suppliers. The purity of the oleic acid, the alcohols, and the esters was determined by thin-layer chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography, and chemical analysis. The synthesis of the esters was based on procedures we have described previously.
Methyl oleate: Ethyl oleate was transesterified with methyl alcohol using KOH as a catalyst.
Ethylene glycol dioleate: Ethylene glycol was esterified with oleic acid using toluene sulfonic acid as a catalyst.
Triolein and erythritol tetraoleate: Ethyl oleate was transesterified with dry glycerol or erythritol using sodium methoxide as the catalyst.
Pentaerythritol tetraoleate, xylitol pentaoleate, sorbitol hexaoleate, and sucrose octaoleate: The appropriate alcohol and ethyl oleate were dissolved in dimethyl acetamide and transesterified with sodium methoxide as the catalyst.
Sucrose monooleate: The procedure was the same as that for sucrose octooleate except that a large molar excess of sucrose was used.
Except in the case of the sucrose mono oleate, the reaction products were taken up in petroleum ether, washed with dilute mineral acid or alkali and then with water. Further purification was by repeated crystallization from cold acetone. The sucrose mono oleate was dissolved in 1:1 butanol : ethyl acetate and recrystallized from ethyl acetate. All of the esters were of better than 95% purity and most were greater than 98% pure.
These fats were incorporated into a semi purified diet
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: no data
- Age at study initiation: young adult
- Weight at study initiation: approx. 200 g
- Housing: Individually in cages with raised screen bottoms
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): ad libitum
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- 10 Days, diet ad libitum
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
10% and 25 % of dietary fat
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- The fatty acids of the compounds containing less than four ester groups, methyl oleate, ethylene glycol dioleate, glycerol trioleate, and sucrose monooleate, were almost completely absorbed. As the number of ester groups was increased - erythritol and pentaerythritol tetraoleate and xylitol pentaoleate - the absorbability decreased. The fatty acids of sorbitol hexaoleate and sucrose octaoleate were not absorbed. These differences in absorbability are related to the activity and specificity of the lipolytic enzymes in the lumen of the intestinal tract.
Any other information on results incl. tables
The fatty acids of the compounds containing less than four ester groups, methyl oleate, ethylene glycol dioleate, glycerol trioleate, and sucrose monooleate, were almost completely absorbed. As the number of ester groups was increased - erythritol and pentaerythritol tetraoleate and xylitol pentaoleate - the absorbability decreased. The fatty acids of sorbitol hexaoleate and sucrose octaoleate were not absorbed. These differences in absorbability are related to the activity and specificity of the lipolytic enzymes in the lumen of the intestinal tract.
Test fat |
Percentage of dietary fat |
Absorbability [%] |
Methyl Oleate |
10 |
100 |
25 |
96 |
|
Ethylen Glycol Oleate |
10 |
100 |
25 |
92 |
|
Glycerol Trioleate |
100 |
(100) |
Erythritol Tetraoleate |
10 |
- |
25 |
72 |
|
Pentaerythritol Tetraoleate |
10 |
90 |
25 |
64 |
|
Xylol Pentaoleate |
10 |
50 |
25 |
24 |
|
Sorbitol hexaoleate |
10 |
0 |
25 |
0 |
|
Sucrose Octaoleate |
5 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
|
15 |
0 |
|
Sucrose Monooleate |
5 |
100 |
10 |
100 |
|
15 |
100 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Absorption rates were between 0 an 100 %, depending on the amount of ester groups present in the substance fed. Pentaerythritole tetraoleate had an absorption rate of 90% (10% of dietary fat) and 64% (25% of dietary fat), respectively. Erythritole tetraoleate had an absorption rate of 72% (25% of dietary fat).
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