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EC number: 208-096-8 | CAS number: 509-34-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
![](https://echa.europa.eu/o/diss-blank-theme/images/factsheets/A-REACH/factsheet/print_toxicological-information.png)
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Solvent Red 49 (EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system. Solvent Red 49 failed to induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and hence is predicted to not classify for gene mutation in vitro.
Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from K2 prediction database and the supporting QMRF report has been attached
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Refer below principle
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Prediction is done using OECD QSAR Toolbox version 3.4
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of the test material: Solvent Red 49
- EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one
- Molecular formula: C28H30N2O3
- Molecular weight: 442.556 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Smiles: C12(c3c(Oc4c1ccc(c4)N(CC)CC)cc(N(CC)CC)cc3)c1c(cccc1)C(O2)=O - Target gene:
- Histidine
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Cytokinesis block (if used):
- No data
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 metabolic activation system
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- No data
- Vehicle / solvent:
- No data
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- not specified
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- not specified
- Positive control substance:
- not specified
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- No data
- Rationale for test conditions:
- No data
- Evaluation criteria:
- The plates werw observed for a dose depenednt increase in the number of revertants/plate
- Statistics:
- No data
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- not specified
- Additional information on results:
- No data
- Conclusions:
- Solvent Red 49 failed to induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and hence is predicted to not classify for gene mutation in vitro.
- Executive summary:
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Solvent Red 49 (EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system. Solvent Red 49 failed to induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and hence is predicted to not classify for gene mutation in vitro.
Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Reference
The
prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following
descriptors: "Gene mutation"
Estimation method: Takes highest mode value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain logical expression:Result: In Domain
((((("a"
or "b" )
and ("c"
and (
not "d")
)
)
and ("e"
and (
not "f")
)
)
and "g" )
and ("h"
and "i" )
)
Domain
logical expression index: "a"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as SN1 AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine
by DNA binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "b"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation AND Acylation >>
Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group AND Acylation >> Direct
Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Acetates by Protein binding by
OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "c"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by
OASIS v.1.4
Domain
logical expression index: "d"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael-type
addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Flavonoids OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Quinone methides OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Quinoneimines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation
after isocyanate formation OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate
formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on alpha,
beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on
alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds >> Four- and Five-Membered
Lactones OR AN2 >> Michael-type conjugate addition to activated alkene
derivatives OR AN2 >> Michael-type conjugate addition to activated
alkene derivatives >> Alpha-Beta Conjugated Alkene Derivatives with
Geminal Electron-Withdrawing Groups OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition
reaction with cycloisomerization OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition
reaction with cycloisomerization >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR AN2 >>
Nucleophilic addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR
AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl
compounds >> Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated Aldehydes OR AN2 >> Schiff base
formation OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation >> Alpha, Beta-Unsaturated
Aldehydes OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation >> Dicarbonyl compounds OR AN2
>> Schiff base formation >> Halofuranones OR AN2 >> Schiff base
formation >> Specific 5-Substituted Uracil Derivatives OR AN2 >> Schiff
base formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation OR AN2 >>
Schiff base formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation >>
Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after
aldehyde release OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release
>> Specific Acetate Esters OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes
OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes >> Haloalkane Derivatives
with Labile Halogen OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine
Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >>
Aminoacridine DNA Intercalators OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Coumarins OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide and Aminoalkylamine
Side Chain OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >>
Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Organic Azides OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and
Naphthalenediimide Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Quinolone Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >>
DNA intercalation >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Specific 5-Substituted Uracil
Derivatives OR Non-specific OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into
DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with nucleoside bases OR
Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy
with nucleoside bases >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR
Radical OR Radical >> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion
(indirect) OR Radical >> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion
(indirect) >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism by ROS formation OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS
formation >> Five-Membered Aromatic Nitroheterocycles OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism by ROS formation >> Organic Azides OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Acridone, Thioxanthone,
Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via
ROS formation (indirect) >> C-Nitroso Compounds OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Conjugated Nitro Compounds OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Coumarins
OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Diazenes
and Azoxyalkanes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) >> Flavonoids OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS
formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic
Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >>
Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via
ROS formation (indirect) >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> N-Hydroxylamines OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitro Azoarenes OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >>
Nitroaniline Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS
formation (indirect) >> Nitrobiphenyls and Bridged Nitrobiphenyls OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >>
p-Substituted Mononitrobenzenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS
formation (indirect) >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Single-Ring
Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via
ROS formation (indirect) >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Thiols OR
Radical >> ROS formation after GSH depletion OR Radical >> ROS formation
after GSH depletion (indirect) OR Radical >> ROS formation after GSH
depletion (indirect) >> Quinoneimines OR Radical >> ROS formation after
GSH depletion >> Quinone methides OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after
metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after
metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbon and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives OR SN1 >> Alkylation by
carbenium ion formed OR SN1 >> Alkylation by carbenium ion formed >>
Diazoalkanes OR SN1 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation
(DNA alkylation) OR SN1 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium
cation (DNA alkylation) >> Diazenes and Azoxyalkanes OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after carbenium ion formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> Pyrrolizidine
Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation
>> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic
nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic
nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after nitrene formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after nitrene formation >> Organic Azides OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after
nitrenium ion formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after nitrenium ion formation >> Single-Ring Substituted Primary
Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrosonium cation
formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrosonium cation
formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after
reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack
after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Conjugated Nitro
Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium
ion formation >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack
after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitro Azoarenes OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >>
Nitroaniline Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction
and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitrobiphenyls and Bridged Nitrobiphenyls
OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion
formation >> p-Substituted Mononitrobenzenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
substitution after glutathione-induced nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic substitution after glutathione-induced nitrenium ion
formation >> C-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on
diazonium ion OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ion >>
Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR SN1 >> SN1 reaction at
nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or on nitrenium ion OR SN1
>> SN1 reaction at nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or on
nitrenium ion >> N-Aryl-N-Acetoxy(Benzoyloxy) Acetamides OR SN2 OR SN2
>> Acylation OR SN2 >> Acylation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR SN2 >> Acylation
>> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group
OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group >> Haloalkane
Derivatives with Labile Halogen OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving
group after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving
group after metabolic activation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives
OR SN2 >> Alkylation OR SN2 >> Alkylation >> Alkylphosphates,
Alkylthiophosphates and Alkylphosphonates OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct
acting epoxides and related OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides
and related >> Epoxides and Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct
acting epoxides and related after cyclization OR SN2 >> Alkylation,
direct acting epoxides and related after cyclization >> Nitrogen and
Sulfur Mustards OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related
after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct
acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >>
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives OR
SN2 >> Alkylation, nucleophilic substitution at sp3-carbon atom OR SN2
>> Alkylation, nucleophilic substitution at sp3-carbon atom >>
Haloalkane Derivatives with Labile Halogen OR SN2 >> Alkylation,
nucleophilic substitution at sp3-carbon atom >> Haloalkanes Containing
Heteroatom OR SN2 >> Alkylation, nucleophilic substitution at sp3-carbon
atom >> Specific 5-Substituted Uracil Derivatives OR SN2 >> Alkylation,
ring opening SN2 reaction OR SN2 >> Alkylation, ring opening SN2
reaction >> Four- and Five-Membered Lactones OR SN2 >> Direct acting
epoxides formed after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Direct acting
epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Coumarins OR SN2 >> Direct
acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Quinoline
Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation OR
SN2 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation >> Hydrazine
Derivatives OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation >> Vicinal
Dihaloalkanes OR SN2 >> Internal SN2 reaction with aziridinium and/or
cyclic sulfonium ion formation (enzymatic) OR SN2 >> Internal SN2
reaction with aziridinium and/or cyclic sulfonium ion formation
(enzymatic) >> Vicinal Dihaloalkanes OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution
at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon
atom >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic
substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Halofuranones OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic
substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >>
Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after thiol (glutathione)
conjugation OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after
thiol (glutathione) conjugation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR
SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated
carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 at sulfur atom OR SN2
>> SN2 at sulfur atom >> Sulfonyl Halides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at
nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at
nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group >> N-Acetoxyamines OR SN2 >>
SN2 reaction at nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or nitrenium
ion OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving
group or nitrenium ion >> N-Aryl-N-Acetoxy(Benzoyloxy) Acetamides by DNA
binding by OASIS v.1.4
Domain
logical expression index: "e"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as SN1 AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine
by DNA binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "f"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> P450
Mediated Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates OR Acylation >>
P450 Mediated Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates >>
Benzylamines-Acylation OR Acylation >> P450 Mediated Activation to
Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates >> Formamides OR Michael addition OR
Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic Ring
Systems OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic
Ring Systems >> Furans OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation
of Heterocyclic Ring Systems >> Thiophenes-Michael addition OR Michael
addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type
Chemicals OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones
and Quinone-type Chemicals >> 5-alkoxyindoles OR Michael addition >>
P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Alkyl
phenols OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and
Quinone-type Chemicals >> Arenes OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated
Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Hydroquinones OR
Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and
Quinone-type Chemicals >> Methylenedioxyphenyl OR Michael addition >>
P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >>
Polycyclic (PAHs) and heterocyclic (HACs) aromatic hydrocarbons-Michael
addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition OR
Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta-
unsaturated amides OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael
addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated esters OR Michael addition >>
Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated ketones
OR No alert found OR Schiff base formers OR Schiff base formers >>
Chemicals Activated by P450 to Glyoxal OR Schiff base formers >>
Chemicals Activated by P450 to Glyoxal >> Ethanolamines (including
morpholine) OR Schiff base formers >> Chemicals Activated by P450 to
Mono-aldehydes OR Schiff base formers >> Chemicals Activated by P450 to
Mono-aldehydes >> Thiazoles OR Schiff base formers >> Direct Acting
Schiff Base Formers OR Schiff base formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base
Formers >> Mono aldehydes OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation OR SN1 >>
Carbenium Ion Formation >> Allyl benzenes OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion
Formation OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation >> Aliphatic tertiary amines
OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic azo OR SN1 >> Nitrenium
Ion formation >> Aromatic nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >>
Primary (unsaturated) heterocyclic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation >> Primary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >>
Secondary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary
(unsaturated) heterocyclic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >>
Unsaturated heterocyclic azo OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Epoxidation of Aliphatic
Alkenes OR SN2 >> Epoxidation of Aliphatic Alkenes >> Halogenated
polarised alkenes OR SN2 >> P450 Mediated Epoxidation OR SN2 >> P450
Mediated Epoxidation >> Thiophenes-SN2 OR SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon
atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon atom >> Aliphatic halides by DNA
binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "g"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Not bioavailable by Lipinski
Rule Oasis ONLY
Domain
logical expression index: "h"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 5.05
Domain
logical expression index: "i"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 9.06
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Genetic toxicity in vivo
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Gene mutation in vitro:
Prediction model based estimation and studies from two read across have been reviwed and summarized to determine the mutagenic nature of Solvent Red 49 (EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one):
Study 1 and Study 2:
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Solvent Red 49 (EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one).
The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and strain TA1535 without S9 metabolic activation system. Solvent Red 49 failed to induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system and strain TA1535 without S9 metabolic activation system and hence does not classify for gene mutation in vitro
Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Study 3:
Gene mutation study was performed By Weubbles et al (1985) to evaluate the mutagenic nature of 70 -80% structurally similar Rhodamine B (RA CAS no 81 -88 -9) using Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1538 and TA100. Bacteria were grown overnight in Oxoid nutrient broth, then refrigerated at 4-5OC for a few hours before use. 0.1 ml of bacterial culture was added to 2 ml of 45°C molten top agar containing 0.01 mg histidine HCI and 0.012 mg biotin/ml, followed by the test sample in ≤0.2 ml DMSO. Finally, 0.5 ml of sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.4 (no activation), or 0.5 ml of Aroclor-induced rat S9 mixture was added, and the mixture was poured on minimal glucose agar plates. Histidine revertant colonies were counted on a Biotran II automated colony counter after 2-day incubation at 37°C. A sample was judged mutagenic if it produced greater than twice the spontaneous background colonies at more than one dose or at the highest dose tested. In the above mentioned study, Rhodamine B failed to induce gene mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1538 and TA100 with and without metabolic activation. Hence,Rhodamine B, is not likely to be a gene mutant in vitro.
Study 4:
Another study from read across chemical with 70 -80% structural similarity was also reviewed. D&C yellow No.8 (RA CAS no 518 -47 -9) was tested for mutagenic potential with the Salmonella/ mammalian -microsome test using the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA98, TA1535 or TA1537 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system by Muzall et al (1979). In the plate incorporation assay performed, the 2 ml of liquid top agar was cooled to 45°C and 0.1 ml of a broth culture of microorganism and test substance in volumes of ≤0.4 ml of DMSO was added prior to placing on minimal agar plates. In all tests, the top agar was used with and without the S9 mix. After 48 h incubation at 37°C, the colonies which reverted to the prototroph were counted and compared to counts on the control plate to demonstrate mutagenicity or toxicity. Materials which caused a 2-fold increase of revertants, as compared to the number of spontaneous revertants on the control plates, were denoted as mutagens. Those which reduced the number of revertants were considered inhibitory. D&C yellow No.8 failed to induce an increase in the number of revertants in the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100, TA98, TA1535 or TA1537 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence is non-mutagenic in nature.
Based on the weight of evidence data summarized for the target and read across chemicals, Solvent Red 49 (EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one) is not likely to exhibit genetic toxicity. Thus, the chemical is not classified as a genetic toxicant.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the weight of evidence data summarized, Solvent Red 49 (CAS no 509 -34 -2; EC name: 3',6'-bis(diethylamino)spiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-[9H]xanthene]-3-one) is not likely to exhibit genetic toxicity. Thus, the chemical is not classified as a genetic toxicant.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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