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EC number: 214-230-6 | CAS number: 1115-70-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted September 1998
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Duplicate samples from the freshly prepared test media of all test concentrations and the control were taken at the first treatment period (Day 0) and at a treatment period in the second and third week (Days 7 and 16).
For the determination of the stability of the test item under test conditions and of the maintenance of the test item concentrations during the test period, at three dates (Day 2 and 9: 48 hours old and day 19: 72 hours old) duplicate samples from all test concentrations and the control were taken.
- Concentrations: 32, 10, 3.2, 1.0 and 0.32 mg test item/L and a control.
- Sampling method: Duplicate samples from the freshly prepared test media of all test concentrations and the control were taken at the first treatment period (Day 0) and at a treatment period in the second and third week (Days 7 and 16). For the determination of the stability of the test item under test conditions and of the maintenance of the test item concentrations during the test period, at three dates (Day 2 and 9: 48 hours old and day 19: 72 hours old) duplicate samples from all test concentrations and the control were taken.
- Sample storage
conditions before analysis: All samples were stored in a freezer (< - 10°C), protected from light, until analysis was performed. - Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna (Straus)
- Strain/clone: 5
- Source:ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH, Bottgerstr. 2 - 14, 65439 Florsheim am Main, Germany.
- Age of parental stock: 7-23 hours
- Feeding during test: yes
- Food type: . Once a week the Daphnia of the stock culture were fed with Tetra Min-extract and at least all other working days with green algae (Desmodesmus subspicatus) freshly grown in the laboratories
- Food ammount: 0.15 mg/day of algal TOC/Daphnia
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Is not necessary since the breeding is performed in the same kind of test water. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Hardness:
- 2.5 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 18-22 °C
- pH:
- 6-9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- >3 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2, 10, 32 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 100 mL vessels
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Fill volume: 80 mL
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): The test media of all test concentrations and of the control were renewed on Days 2, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 16 and 19 of the exposure period (every Monday, Wednesday and Friday). Thus, a total of 9 treatments were performed. At these dates the test animals were carefully transferred by glass tubes from the old test vessels into the freshly prepared test media of the corresponding concentrations.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: ElendT "M4"-Medium
- Alkalinity: 0.9 mmol/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH-values, dissolved oxygen concentrations and water temperatures were measured in all test concentrations and in the control at the start and end of each exposure period. For the measurements at the end of each exposure period, the replicate test vessels of each concentration and the control were pooled before sampling.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16h light : 8h dark
- Light intensity: 0 - 1200 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable): The mortality of the test animals and the number of young were recorded each working day. Dead animals and offspring were removed at the same times.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3.2
- Test concentrations: 32, 10, 3.2, 1.0 and 0.32 mg test item/L and a control. - Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- >= 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The influence of the test item on the survival and reproduction rate of Daphnia magna were determined during an exposure period of 21 days in a dose-response study. The 21-day NOEC values for the reproduction rate and for the survival of the adult test animals were determined to be at least 32 mg test item/L in both cases, i.e. the highest concentration tested.
- Executive summary:
Study Design
The study was performed according to the following guidelines and recommendations:
- Commission Directive 2001/59/EC, C.20: "Daphnia magna, Reproduction Test", Official Journal of the European Communities No. L 225/246, dated August 21, 2001.
- OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 211: "Daphnia magna Reproduction Test", adopted September, 1998.
The effects of the test item on the survival and reproduction rate of Daphnia magna were determined during an exposure period of 21 days. Young Daphnia were exposed in a semi-static test to aqueous test media containing the test item at various concentrations. The mortality rate, the reproduction rate and symptoms of intoxication were compared with corresponding parameters in the control.
The following test concetrations were applied: 32, 10, 3.2, 1.0 and 0.32 mg test item/L and a control.
The quantification of the test item was performed using liquid chromatography (HPLC-method).
Results
No particular signs of intoxication were observed in the test animals during the test. No significant toxic effect of the test item on the mean reproduction rate could be determined for all tested concentrations.
Effect concentrations have been determined as follows:
21-days NOEC (Reproduction Rate): ≥ 32 mg/L
21-days LOEC (Reproduction Rate): > 32 mg/L
21-days EC50 (Reproduction Rate): >32 mg/L
21-days NOEC (Survival of Adults): ≥ 32 mg/L
21-days LOEC (Survival of Adults): > 32 mg/L
Conclusion
The influence of the test item on the survival and reproduction rate of Daphnia magna were determined during an exposure period of 21 days in a dose-response study. The 21-day NOEC values for the reproduction rate and for the survival of the adult test animals were determined to be at least 32 mg test item/L in both cases, i.e. the highest concentration tested.
Reference
Description of key information
The influence of the test item on the survival and reproduction rate of Daphnia magna were determined during an exposure period of 21 days in a dose-response study. The 21-day NOEC values for the reproduction rate and for the survival of the adult test animals were determined to be >= 32 mg test item/L in both cases, i.e. the highest concentration tested.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 32 mg/L
Additional information
NOEC >= 32 mg (for freshwater invertebrates)
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