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EC number: 222-813-1 | CAS number: 3618-72-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water and sediment: simulation tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water and sediment: simulation testing, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The degradation of the test substance was studied in anaerobic sediment-water samples collected from the sediment layer of two lakes. The test substance samples were incubated with the sediment and water samples under anaerobic conditions and analysed for transformation products through HPLC analysis at selected time intervals.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Oxygen conditions:
- anaerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- natural water / sediment
- Details on source and properties of surface water:
- The surface water was collected from the same source as the anerobic sediment and stored under nitrogen atmosphere along with the sediment samples.
- Details on source and properties of sediment:
- The anaerobic sediments were collected from two lakes in the Athens (Georgia) area. The sediment and associated water was collected by scooping up the top 5-10 cm layer of the sediment surface in 1 L canning jars at a depth of 30-60 cm below the water surface. The samples were passed through 1-mm sieves in the laboratory and stored under nitrogen atmosphere.
- Details on inoculum:
- 5 mL homogenous aliquots of sediment-water samples were drawn while stirring the stored sediment under nitrogen atmosphere and were transferred to a series of screw-capped test tubes. The tubes were then spiked with an acetonitrile solution of the test substance while vortex mixing.
- Initial conc.:
- 0 other: Molar
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- test mat. analysis
- Details on study design:
- Degradation studies:
The sediment-water samples spiked with the test substance were incubated at 25°C in a water bath. At selected time intervals, a tube from the series was extracted by adding 3 mL acetonitrile followed by vortex-mixing for 60 sec. At the same time, the remaining tubes were inverted to mix uniformly. The extracted tube was then centriguged consecutively at 2500 rpm twice and the 5 mL aliquots were collected from the respective supernatants and kept in a screw-capped test tube. Thereafter, these samples were analysed through HPLC.
Product studies:
Ferric chloride is added to a suspension of disperse blue 79 and iron powder in methanol:water mixture. This suspension was heated to a gentle reflux for 1.5 h. The dark yellow reaction mixture was poured into 20 mL of water and the extracted with a series of three 25 mL aliquots of diethyl ether.These ether extracts were individually washed with 10 mL portion of brine. The ether extracts were then combined, dried and evaporated. The resulting residue was flash chromatographed on silica gel with ethyl acetate/hexane mixture.
Sediment-water ratio:
Triplicate 5 mL aliquots of sediment were transferred to tared test tubes. After reweighing, the samples were centrifuged at 2500 rpm, the supernatant was collected and the pellet was dried overnight at 100°C in an oven. After cooling, the dried samples were weighed again. Ratios of sediment and water were calculated by dividing the weight of the dried sediment by the weight of the aqueous phase. - Key result
- Compartment:
- natural water / sediment
- DT50:
- 60 min
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Transformation products:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- three products have been identified as aniline and azo compounds and other two products are being detected at the time of publication of the report
- Details on transformation products:
- Reductive cleavage of the azo linkage results in the product 2-bromo-4, 6-dinitroaniline (BDNA) and an aniline compound. Reduction of BDNA further produces two bromonitroaniline compounds. Reduction of the nitro group in the test substance will initially result in azo compounds, which eventually produce aniline counds because of further reduction.
- Details on results:
- The test substance was readily reduced in anaerobic sediment-water system with half-life on the order of minutes. The study of the degradation products indicated that the nitro and azo linkages are susceptible for reduction resulting in the formation of aniline and azo groups. These products accounted for approximately 40% of the parent substance. Two other degradation products were yet to be identified.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Under the condtions of this study, the test substance underwent rapid reductive degradation in anaerobic water-sediment system and the half life of degradation was determined to be 60 min.
- Executive summary:
The degradation of the test substance was studied in anaerobic sediment-water samples collected from sediment layer of two lakes. The test substance samples were incubated with the sediment and water samples under anaerobic conditions and analysed for transformation products through HPLC analysis at selected time intervals. Under the conditions of this study, the test substance underwent rapid reductive degradation in anaerobic water-sediment system and the half life of degradation was determined to be 60 min (Weber, 1988).
Reference
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life in freshwater sediment:
- 60 min
Additional information
A study was conducted to determine the degradation of the read across substance ‘structural analogue 1’ in anaerobic sediment-water samples collected from sediment layer of two lakes. The test substance samples were incubated with the sediment and water samples under anaerobic conditions and analysed for transformation products through HPLC analysis at selected time intervals. Under the conditions of this study, the test substance underwent rapid reductive degradation in anaerobic water-sediment system and the half-life of degradation was determined to be 60 min (Weber, 1988).
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