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EC number: 269-929-9 | CAS number: 68391-11-7 The complex combination of polyalkylated pyridines derived from coal tar distillation or as high-boiling distillates approximately above 150°C (302°F) from the reaction of ammonia with acetaldehyde, formaldehyde or paraformaldehyde.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation / corrosion, other
- Remarks:
- skin irritation: in vivo - none in vitro test were performed because several in vivo studys are aveailable.
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Non-GLP study.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Report date:
- 1978
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.4 (Acute Toxicity: Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Test material form:
- gas under pressure: refrigerated liquefied gas
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material: Pyridine, alkyl derivs.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- No data.
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Preparation of test site:
- other: site 1: shaved; site 2: abraded
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.5 mL - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hours.
- Observation period:
- 24, 48 and 72 hours after initial application.
- Number of animals:
- 6
- Details on study design:
- TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: 1 x 1 inch
- % coverage: 100 %
- Type of wrap if used: Animals were immobilized with patches secured in place by adhesive tape. The entire trunk of the animal was then wrapped with an impervious material such as rubberized cloth for the 24-hour period of exposure.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): After 24 hours exposure the patches were removed.
- Time after start of exposure: 24 hours.
SCORING SYSTEM:
According to Draize, J.H. (1959) Association of the Food and Drug Officials in the U.S., Austin, Texas. The Appraisal of the Safety of Chemicals in Foods, Drugs and Cosmetics.
Erythema and eschar formation Value
No erythema 0
Very slight erythema (barely perceptible) 1
Well-defined erythema 2
Moderate to severe erythema 3
Severe erythema (beet redness) to slight eschar formation (injuries in depth) 4
Oedema formation
No oedema 0
Very slight oedema (barely perceptible) 1
Slight oedema (edges of area well-defined by definite raising) 2
Moderate oedema (raised approximately 1 mm) 3
Severe oedema (raised more than 1 mm and extending beyond the area of exposure) 4
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- primary dermal irritation index (PDII)
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 4, 24 and 48 hours
- Score:
- 4.6
- Max. score:
- 8
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #5
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #6
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.6
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #5
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 2.7
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #6
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48 and 72 hours
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- no data
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The primary irritation index was 4.6 (4, 24 and 48 hours after treatment). There was no evidence of corrosion. Well-defined erythema with slight to moderate oedema was observed in both sites of all six animals at the 4 hours reading. Well-defined to moderate erythema with slight to moderate oedema was seen in all six animals at the 24 hours reading. Similar observations were mode in all six animals at the 48 and 72 hours reading.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- moderately irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test item is not considered to be corrosive to rabbit skin, although there was evidence of moderate irritation.
- Executive summary:
A study was carried out similar or equivalent to EU Method B.4 and OECD Guideline 404 (Acute dermal irritation / corrosion). Adult rabbits (6) were dermally exposed to 0.5 mL of test item for 24 hours introduced to 1 x 1 inches (occluded gauze patch). Following exposure animals were observed for 72 hours. Irritation was scored by the method of Draize (1959).
There was no evidence of corrosion. Well-defined erythema with slight to moderate oedema was observed in both sites of all six animals at the 4 hours reading. Well-defined to moderate erythema with slight to moderate oedema was seen in all six animals at the 24 hours reading. Similar observations were mode in all six animals at the 48 and 72 hours reading.
The test item is not considered to be corrosive to rabbit skin, although there was evidence of moderate irritation.
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