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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 215-607-8 | CAS number: 1333-82-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Full, guideline and GLP-compliant study report.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 989
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OTS 798.1150 (Acute inhalation toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Chromic acid
- EC Number:
- 231-801-5
- EC Name:
- Chromic acid
- Cas Number:
- 7738-94-5
- Molecular formula:
- CrH2O4
- IUPAC Name:
- dihydroxy(dioxo)chromium
- Details on test material:
- The test material is described as dark red flakes/granules
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Fischer 344
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River, NC, USA
- Age at study initiation: 9-16 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 194-271 g (males); 147-170 g (females)
- Fasting period before study: Not stated
- Housing: Individual
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum (automated)
- Acclimation period: 15-55 days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°F): 67-79
- Humidity (%): 40-70
- Air changes (per hr): Not stated
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 / 12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 14/1/88 To: 7/3/88
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure chamber volume: 100 l
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: individual wire mesh cages
- Source and rate of air: compressed air: 20 litres/minute
- System of generating particulates/aerosols: nebuliser
- Method of particle size determination: cascade impactor
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: Temperature 69-76F; humidity 48-100%
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: colorimetric
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes
VEHICLE
- Composition of vehicle (if applicable): water
- Concentration of test material in vehicle (if applicable): 2.5-40%
- Justification of choice of vehicle: solubility & toxicologically inter
- Lot/batch no. (if required): -
- Purity: -
TEST ATMOSPHERE (if not tabulated)
- MMAD (Mass median aerodynamic diameter) / GSD (Geometric st. dev.): 2.5-3.2 microns (gsd 1.8-1.98 microns); 92% <10 microns - Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- colorimetric assay
- Duration of exposure:
- 4 h
- Concentrations:
- 0, 190, 300, 330, 420 and 2200 mg/m3 (mean analytical concentration)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 5/sex
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Animals were observed at frequent intervals on the day of exposure and daily thereafter
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes/no
- Other examinations performed: detailed physical observations; bodyweight (Days -1, 1, 1, 3, 5, 8, 15); gross necropsy; organ weights (brain, heart, kidneys, liver, lungs, ovaroes, spleen and testes). - Statistics:
- Litchfield and Wilcoxon (1949): calculation of LC50
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 167 mg/m³ air (analytical)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 116 - <= 238
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 263 mg/m³ air (analytical)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 224 - <= 309
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- 217 mg/m³ air (analytical)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 188 - <= 251
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- Deaths occurred at 190 mg/l (3F); 300 mg/m3 (1F); 330 mg/m3 (5M, 5F); 420 mg/m3 (5M, 5F) and 2200 mg/m3 (5M, 5F).
- Clinical signs:
- other: Hypoactivity, closed eyes, lacrimation and salivation were observed during exposure. Nasal discharge, salivation and anogenital staining were observed after expousre, with laboured/noisy breathing also reported at 330 and 420 mg/m3.
- Body weight:
- Significant weight losses were seen following exposure; surviving animals gained weight during the second study week.
- Gross pathology:
- Discoloured lungs and nasal turbinates were observed in decedent animals.
- Other findings:
- Lung weights and kidney weights were slightly higher in survivors at 190 and 300 mg/m3.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Signs of toxicity (secretory responses, hypoactivity and closed eyes) were observed during the exposure period. Similar signs and noisy/laboured breathing were also noted following exposure. Weight loss was seen following exposure, with some recovery apparent in surviving animals. Gross necropsy of decedents showed discolored lungs and nasal turbinates: increased lung and kidney weights were also seen. Findings indicate pulmonary irritation to be a cause of death within 1 -2 days of exposure; renal failure is postulated to be a cause of delayed mortality.
Concentration (mg/m3) |
Mortality |
Particle size |
||||
M |
F |
M+F |
MMAD (um) |
gsd |
10 uM |
|
0 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
190 |
- |
3 |
3 |
3.2 |
1.8 |
97% |
300 |
- |
1 |
1 |
2.9 |
1.8 |
99% |
330 |
5 |
5 |
10 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
99% |
420 |
5 |
5 |
10 |
3.1 |
1.9 |
97% |
2200 |
5 |
5 |
10 |
2.8 |
1.8 |
99% |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The acute LC50 of chromic acid was calculated to be 263 (224 -309) mg/m3 in males, 167 (116 -238) mg/m3 in females and 217 (188 -251) mg/m3 in the sexes combined.
- Executive summary:
F344 rats (5/sex/group) were exposed (whole body) for 4 hours to liquid aerosols of chromic acid (in water). Deaths occurred in all exposed groups during or immediately following exposure to the highest concentration or between Days 2 -10 at the lower concentrations. Signs of toxicity (secretory responses, hypoactivity and closed eyes) were observed during the exposure period. Similar signs and noisy/laboured breathing were also noted following exposure. Weight loss was seen following exposure, with some recovery apparent in surviving animals. Gross necropsy of decedents showed discolored lungs and nasal turbinates: increased lung and kidney weights were also seen. Findings indicate pulmonary irritation to be a cause of death within 1 -2 days of exposure; renal failure is postulated to be a cause of delayed mortality.
The acute LC50 of chromic acid was calculated to be 263 (224 -309) mg/m³ in males, 167 (116 -238) mg/m³ in females and 217 (188 -251) mg/m³ in the sexes combined.
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