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EC number: 231-141-8 | CAS number: 7440-31-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Vapour pressure
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: review article
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Remarks:
- The reference does not give sufficient experimental details and refers to secondary literature (highly credible review article)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data available
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: not reported
- Temp.:
- 1 224 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.008 mm Hg
- Remarks on result:
- other: No further data available
- Conclusions:
- At 1224 °C the vapour pressure was recorded as 0.008 mm Hg.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was noted to be 0.008 mm Hg at 1224 °C
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: handbook data
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data available
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: Not reported
- Temp.:
- 1 224 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 1 Pa
- Temp.:
- 1 384 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 10 Pa
- Temp.:
- 1 582 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 100 Pa
- Temp.:
- 1 834 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 1 kPa
- Temp.:
- 2 165 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 10 kPa
- Temp.:
- 2 620 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 100 kPa
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure of the substance was reported to be 1 Pa at 1224 °C to 100 kPa at 2620 °C.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was noted to be 1 Pa at 1224 °C to 100 kPa at 2620 °C
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: review article
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Remarks:
- The reference does not give sufficient experimental details and refers to secondary literature
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data available
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: not reported
- Temp.:
- 991 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0 mm Hg
- Remarks on result:
- other: For further values from this source, please see below.
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure of the substance was recorded at 0.5 x 10E-4 mm Hg at 991 °C to 760 mm Hg at 2270 °C.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was noted to be 0.5 x 10-4 mm Hg at 991 °C to 760 mm Hg at 2270 °C
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: review article
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Remarks:
- The reference does not give sufficient experimental details and refers to secondary literature.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data available
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: not reported
- Temp.:
- 727 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0 mm Hg
- Temp.:
- 1 127 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 0.044 mm Hg
- Temp.:
- 1 527 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 5.6 mm Hg
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure of the substance was noted to be 0.0000074 mm Hg at 727 °C to 5.6 mm Hg at 1527 °C.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was noted to be 0.0000074 mm Hg at 727 °C to 5.6 mm Hg at 1527 °C
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: Non-peer reviewed publically available data
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Remarks:
- The reference does not give sufficient experimental details and refers to secondary literature.
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data available
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: not reported
- Temp.:
- 1 492 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 1.333 hPa
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure of the substance was recorded to be 1.3332 hPa at 1482 °C.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was recorded to be 1.3332 hPa at 1482 °C.
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: Safety data sheet
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- abstract
- Remarks:
- The reference does not give sufficient experimental details and is listed only in short abstract
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No data available
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: not reported
- Temp.:
- 1 609 °C
- Vapour pressure:
- 1 mm Hg
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure was stated to be 1 mm Hg at 1609 °C.
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was stated to be 1 mm Hg at 1609 °C.
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: compilation article
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Remarks:
- The reference does not give sufficient experimental details and shows only vapour pressure curves.
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- A collection of previously experimentally derived vapour pressures of elements performed and compiled by the author.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: No data available
- Temp.:
- ca. 800 K
- Vapour pressure:
- ca. 0 mm Hg
- Remarks on result:
- other: The vapour pressure curve for Tin suggests that the vapour pressure is 1x10-11 mm Hg at ca 800 K
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure curve for Tin suggests that the vapour pressure is 1x10E-11 mm Hg at ca 800 K and as such the substance is anticipated to have a negligible vapour pressure at room temperature
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure curve for tin suggests that the vapour pressure is 1x10E-11 mm Hg at ca 800 K and as such the substance is anticipated to have a negligible vapour pressure at room temperature
- Endpoint:
- vapour pressure
- Type of information:
- other: personal communication
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- documentation insufficient for assessment
- Remarks:
- Personal communication from National Physical Laboratory
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Personal communication between the ITRI and the National Physical Laboratory discussing the vapour pressure of pure tin at 25 °C calculated using the MTDATA thermodynamics code.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of method:
- other: calculation method
- Vapour pressure:
- 0 Pa
- Remarks on result:
- other: 2.29E-42 Pa
- Conclusions:
- The vapour pressure of tin is 2.29E-42 Pa
- Executive summary:
The vapour pressure of tin was reported to be 2.29E-42 Pa
Referenceopen allclose all
Secondary reference: Stull D American Institute of Physics Handbook, Third Edition, Gray DE (Ed) McGraw Hill New York 1972.
Table 1: Vapour pressures of tin
Temperature (°C) |
Vapour Pressure (mmHg) |
Reference |
991 |
0.5 x 10 -4 |
Harteck |
1010 |
10 -3 |
Johnson |
1076 |
2.1 x 10-4 |
Harteck |
1127 |
6.5 x 10-4 |
Harteck |
1130 |
10-2 |
Johnson |
1161 |
8.5 x 10-4 |
Harteck |
1270 |
10-1 |
Johnson |
1440 |
1 |
“ |
1660 |
10 |
“ |
1850 |
50 |
“ |
1940 |
100 |
“ |
1970 |
99 |
Greenwood |
2005 |
126 |
Ruff and Mugdan |
2045 |
178 |
“ |
2100 |
266 |
Greenwood |
2160 |
372 |
Ruff and Mugdan |
2190 |
485 |
“ |
2195 |
502 |
“ |
2260 |
760 |
Johnson |
2270 |
760 |
Greenwood |
2270 |
755 |
Ruff and Mugdan |
Harteck; Z physik Chem 134, 1 (1928)
Johnson; J Ind Eng Chem 9, 873 (1917)
Greewnwood; Proc Roy soc (London) 82A, 396 1909; 83A, 483 (1910)
Ruff and Mugdan; Z anorg allgem Chemie, 117, 147 (1921)
Tin metal does not have a measurable vapour pressure under standard conditions of temperature and pressure.
The following information has been provided via ITRI as a personal communication from the National Physical Laboratory:
The vapour pressure of pure tin at 25 °C is extremenly small. A calculation using our MTDATA thermodynamics code indicates a pure tin vapour pressure of 2.29E-42. In the presence of limited amounts of oxygen, the SnO(g) species (theoretically) becomes the most significant source of tin in the gas. MTDATA calculates the partial pressures as:
pp(Sn) = 2.29E-42 Pa
pp(SnO) = 1.18E-40 Pa
If oxygen is in excess, the SnO2 soild phase forms and the concentration of tin containing species falls dramatically. This exercise may be repeated with other possible tin transport agents (e.g. H, Cl). In most cases an enhancement over the pure tin vapour pressure would be expected.
Description of key information
A number of articles in the public domain, published papers and Safety Data Sheets record the vapour pressure of tin as ranging from 2.29E-42 at 25 °C up to 133.332 Pa at 1609 °C
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Vapour pressure:
- 1 Pa
- at the temperature of:
- 1 497 K
Additional information
The range of values for the vapour pressure of tin covers a large range of results across a range of different temperatures. The vapour pressure of tin is relatively small and is difficult to measure accurately at low temperatures. The resulting margins of error are quite high and can be complicated if there is any chance of volatilisation by tin compounds e.g. oxides or sulphides.
Two of the results have vapour pressures of 0.08 mm Hg (equivalent to 1.06 Pa) and 1 Pa at 1224 °C. On the basis that these are the only consistent results within the dataset a value of 1 Pa at 1224 °C has been selected.
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