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EC number: 931-328-0 | CAS number: 7440-44-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Water solubility
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- water solubility
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 10/03/2010 - 23/06/2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study according to international guideline (OECD guideline 105) under GLP. Chemical identity of test substance not reported.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 105 (Water Solubility)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.6 (Water Solubility)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not relevant
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- column elution method
- Key result
- Water solubility:
- 0 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 6.8
- Details on results:
- During the pre-test the water solubility of the test item at about 23 °C was estimated to be 4.9 mg/L by a simplified flask test. Therefore, the column elution method was used for the performance of the main test.
During the main test six samples have been analyzed during the first run (0.42 mL/min) and six samples during the second run (0.21 mL/min), each with a sampling interval of at least ten bed volumes. Total elution time was 190.25 hours. The quantification of the test item content was performed by TOC measurement. The water solubility of Steam Activated Carbon at 20 °C was determined to be 2.72 mg/L.The TOC content of a blank solution treated in exactly the same way like the test item solution has been determined to be 3.57 mg/L.
The values for sample No. 1 and 2 in Table 1 and 2 respectively are exceptionally high. As the analytical method is very sensible to possible contaminations this might be the result of such a contamination. The two high values are also the reason that the SD is relatively high in case of the higher flow.
The reason for the higher TOC valve of the blank solution might be as follows: The whole apparatus (pump, tubes etc.) has a lot of possible sources of carbon contamination. The Steam Activated Carbon absorbs such contaminations up to a certain amount and therefore the samples with Steam Activated Carbon show a lower TOC than the blank sample.
The TOC content of the test item solution is lower than the TOC content of the blank solution. Thus it can be concluded that no test item is soluble in water. - Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): insoluble (< 0.1 mg/L)
Steam activated carbon is insoluble in water. - Executive summary:
The water solubility of steamactivated carbon was determined according to OECD guideline 105 under GLP using the column elution method. It was found that this activated carbon is insoluble in water at pH 6.8 and a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius.
- Endpoint:
- water solubility
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 17/10/2012 - 03/11/2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study according to international guideline (OECD guideline 105) under GLP. No deviations significantly affecting study reliability were reported.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 105 (Water Solubility)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See "Principles of method if other than guideline".
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.6 (Water Solubility)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See "Principles of method if other than guideline".
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Deviation No. 1 (31 December 2012).
The Study Plan stated that four column elution systems will be rinsed with water for one week, prior to draining and loading the test item in the relevant columns, etc. This was to allow for two sample columns, at flow rates of ~ 25 mL/hr and ~ 12.5 mL/hr, as well as two blank columns (one for each flow rate). However, due to apparatus issues, it was decided to split the testing and perform the ~ 25 mL/hr tests first, and then perform the ~ 12.5 mL/hr testing using the same systems as earlier but this time with the flow rates halved. Additionally, the Sponsor/Study Monitor indicated that the test item had to be rinsed with water in the columns for (at least) one week, to remove any water-soluble impurities (prior to draining, re-filling, re-starting the flow, and sampling, etc.). Thus, overall, the column elution systems and the test item were rinsed for (at least) one week, prior to taking any of the time point samples. The impact of these changes on the study was considered to be negligible. - GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- column elution method
- Key result
- Water solubility:
- < 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7
- Remarks on result:
- other: Stanadard error of temperature is +/- 0.5ºC
- Details on results:
- The result is below the LoQ of 1.0 mg/L.
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): other: < limit of quantification of 1 mg/L
The water solubility of Activated Carbon (Sugar Based) - Preparation (1) is < 1 mg/L at 20ºC and pH 7. - Executive summary:
The water solubility of Activated Carbon (Sugar Based) - Preparation (1) was determined according to OECD guideline 105 under GLP using the column elution method. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the TOC analysis has been determined to be 1.0 mg/L TOC. Subsequently, all sample results after correction for sample blank have been assessed as being < LOQ, i.e. < 1.0 mg/L TOC. Thus, the water solubility was found to be < 1 mg/L at 20ºC and pH 7.
- Endpoint:
- water solubility
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 17/10/2012 - 06/11/2012
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study according to international guideline (OECD guideline 105) under GLP. No deviations significantly affecting study reliability were reported.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 105 (Water Solubility)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See "Principles of method if other than guideline".
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.6 (Water Solubility)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See "Principles of method if other than guideline".
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Deviation No. 1 (31 December 2012).
The Study Plan stated that four column elution systems will be rinsed with water for one week, prior to draining and loading the test item in the relevant columns, etc. This was to allow for two sample columns, at flow rates of ~ 25 mL/hr and ~ 12.5 mL/hr, as well as two blank columns (one for each flow rate). However, due to apparatus issues, it was decided to split the testing and perform the ~ 25 mL/hr tests first, and then perform the ~ 12.5 mL/hr testing using the same systems as earlier but this time with the flow rates halved. Additionally, the Sponsor/Study Monitor indicated that the test item had to be rinsed with water in the columns for (at least) one week, to remove any water-soluble impurities (prior to draining, re-filling, re-starting the flow, and sampling, etc.). Thus, overall, the column elution systems and the test item were rinsed for (at least) one week, prior to taking any of the time point samples. The impact of these changes on the study was considered to be negligible. - GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- column elution method
- Key result
- Water solubility:
- < 1 mg/L
- Temp.:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 7
- Remarks on result:
- other: Stanadard error of temperature is +/- 0.5ºC
- Details on results:
- The result is below the LoQ of 1.0 mg/L.
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): other: < 1 mg/L which is the limit of quantification
The water solubility of Activated Carbon (Sugar Based) - Preparation (2) is < 1 mg/L at 20ºC and pH 7. - Executive summary:
The water solubility of Activated Carbon (Sugar Based) - Preparation (2) was determined according to OECD guideline 105 under GLP using the column elution method. The limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the TOC analysis has been determined to be 1.0 mg/L TOC. Subsequently, all sample results after correction for sample blank have been assessed as being < LOQ, i.e. < 1.0 mg/L TOC. Thus, the water solubility was found to be < 1 mg/L at 20ºC and pH 7.
Referenceopen allclose all
For detailed results, see attached file "results.doc".
High flow results
Sample number | Total Contact Time (hours) | TOC concentration (g/L) | Solution pH | |
Sample | Sample Blank | |||
1 | 190 | 0.6591 | 0.6403 | 7.1 |
2 | 192 | 0.9399 | 1.081 | 7.1 |
3 | 194 | 0.7273 | 0.6736 | 7.1 |
4 | 196 | 0.7863 | 1.088 | 7.2 |
5 | 213 | 0.581 | 0.7318 | 7.1 |
6 | 216 | 1.126 | 0.865 | 7.1 |
7 | 218 | 0.5727 | 1.042 | 7 |
8 | 220 | 0.5416 | 0.6093 | 7 |
Low flow results
Sample number | Total Contact Time (hours) | TOC concentration (g/L) | Solution pH | |
Sample | Sample Blank | |||
1 | 334 | 0.7742 | 1.056 | 7 |
2 | 338 | 0.7676 | 0.7799 | 7.1 |
3 | 342 | 0.5584 | 0.4571 | 6.8 |
4 | 358 | 0.3988 | 0.3778 | 7 |
5 | 362 | 0.7131 | 0.8601 | 7.2 |
6 | 366 | 0.2192 | 0.345 | 7 |
7 | 380 | 0.6851 | 0.5127 | 7 |
8 | 384 | 0.7103 | 0.5261 | 7.1 |
Overall results
Flow rate (mL/h) | Overall TOC Concentration (mg/L) |
25.5 | < 1.0 |
12.5 | < 1.0 |
Overall | < 1.0 |
High flow results (26.0 mL/h)
Sample number | Total Contact Time (hours) | TOC concentration (g/L) | Solution pH | |
Sample | Sample Blank | |||
1 | 190 | 0.8175 | 0.8331 | 6.9 |
2 | 192 | 0.5891 | 0.9692 | 7.2 |
3 | 194 | 0.5956 | 0.8553 | 7.0 |
4 | 196 | 0.7373 | 0.6166 | 7.1 |
5 | 213 | 0.7455 | 0.6245 | 7.1 |
6 | 216 | 0.7892 | 1.038 | 7.0 |
7 | 218 | 0.5553 | 0.6763 | 7.0 |
8 | 220 | 0.3876 | 0.7204 | 7.0 |
Low flow results (12.5 mL/h)
Sample number | Total Contact Time (hours) | TOC concentration (g/L) | Solution pH | |
Sample | Sample Blank | |||
1 | 334 | 0.9695 | 0.933 | 7.1 |
2 | 338 | 0.9818 | 1.048 | 7.0 |
3 | 342 | 0.5541 | 0.7301 | 7.1 |
4 | 358 | 0.6329 | 0.5614 | 7.0 |
5 | 362 | 0.9734 | 0.7608 | 7.0 |
6 | 366 | 0.4918 | 0.4864 | 7.0 |
7 | 380 | 0.4611 | 0.4957 | 7.0 |
8 | 384 | 0.5173 | 0.422 | 7.1 |
Overall results
Flow rate (mL/h) | Overall TOC Concentration (mg/L) |
26.0 | < 1.0 |
12.5 | < 1.0 |
Overall | < 1.0 |
Description of key information
The substance is not soluble in water.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- at the temperature of:
- 20 °C
Additional information
Three studies on the water solubility of activated carbon (high skeletal density) are available, each of which has been assigned reliability 1. All studies were peformed according to OECD guideline 105 using the column elution method under GLP.
One study reports a water solubility of 0 mg/L at 20ºC based on comparison of the concentration of activated carbon in saturated samples compared to blanks. The other two studies report a water solubility of < 1 mg/L as concetrations of activated carbon were found to be below the limit of quantification (1 mg/L).
Based on these three studies it can be concluded that no quantifiable dissolved amounts of activated carbon were found using the column elution method (for substances with a low water solubility) and that activated carbon is thus not soluble in water.
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