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EC number: 265-110-5 | CAS number: 64742-10-5 A complex combination of hydrocarbons obtained as the extract from a solvent extraction process. It consists predominantly of aromatic hydrocarbons having carbon numbers predominantly higher than C25.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1998-02-10 to 1998-02-13
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This study is classified as reliable with restrictions because no GLP statement was provided, but the study was otherwise well-conducted.
- Justification for type of information:
- The standard OECD 471 test is not suitable to test petroleum UVCBs, because it has a tendency to produce false negatives for these substances. Therefore, the petroleum industry has developed a Modified Ames assay, optimized to accurately identify positive results for this endpoint. This deviation from the prescribed testing procedure requires some further explanation which is given in the attached document. The document gives a brief history of the development of the Modified Ames test and outlines Concawe’s proposed work (as part of a wider testing strategy, see Annex 13) to further support the use of this test for PS.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 998
- Report date:
- 1998
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Modified ames assay as described by Blackburn et al. (1986) and ATSM Standard Method Number E 1687-95
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Modified ames assay as described by Blackburn et al. (1986) and ATSM Standard Method Number E 1687-95.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 64742-10-5
- Cas Number:
- 64742-10-5
- IUPAC Name:
- 64742-10-5
- Reference substance name:
- Mobil CRU#s 98039, 97125, 97084
- IUPAC Name:
- Mobil CRU#s 98039, 97125, 97084
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Mobil CRU#s 98039, 97125, 97084
- Substance type: Residual aromatic extract
- Physical state: liquid
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
Method
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Metabolic activation system:
- hamster S9
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60 μL test material/plate; 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 μL positive control oil/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- Dimethylsuphoxide
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- The study was carried out according to ASTM standard method number E 1687-95, which is based on a modified Ames assay described by Blackburn et al. (1986). The three test substances (Mobil CRU#s 98039, 97125, 97084) were diluted (1:5) in DMSO in a glass tube at 45 degress Celsius, vortexed for 30 seconds every five minutes for 30 minutes, and separated by centrifugation. Finally, the lower extract phase harvested and stored until testing. The reference oil was diluted 1:4 with DMSO prior to testing.
The extracted oil sample, tester bacteria (TA98), and hamster S9 metabolizing mixture were combined in suspension, incubated for 20 minutes at 37 degrees celsius, poured into a petri plate, incubated for 48 hours at 37 degrees Celsius, and revertant colonies were counted. - Evaluation criteria:
- Evaluation criteria were not explicitly stated in the study report, but ASTM standard method number E1687-97 considers substances to be a potential dermal carcinogens in mice if the mutagenicity index (MI) is greater than 2.0 revertants per microliter of DMSO extract, equivocal if the MI is ≥1.0 but ≤2.0, and unlikely to be carcinogenic if the MI <1.0. Further testing for equivocal substances is needed to determine carcinogenic potential.
- Statistics:
- Mutagenicity index (MI) was calculated from the linear portion of the initial dose-response curve using linear regression analysis.
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Genotoxicity:
- ambiguous
- Remarks:
- CRU 97125 – mutagenicity index = 0.43
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Remarks:
- CRU 98039 – mutagenicity index = 0.1; CRU 97084 – mutagenicity index = 0.34
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- no cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Remarks:
- not applicable, modified Ames protocol
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Remarks:
- not applicable, modified Ames protocol
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Remarks:
- not applicable, modified Ames protocol
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 102
- Remarks:
- not applicable, modified Ames protocol
- Remarks on result:
- other: other: CRU 97125
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'. Not migrated field "Remarks on result" (Path: ENDPOINT_STUDY_RECORD.GeneticToxicityVitro.ResultsAndDiscussion.TestRs.RemarksOnResults): other: other: CRU 98039 and CRU 97084 / Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Results of bacterial mutagenicity assays (mean revertants ± standard deviation)
DOSE (μL/plate) |
POSITIVE CONTROL Reference Oil (Assay #1) |
POSITIVE CONTROL Reference Oil (Assay #2) |
Mobil CRU# 98039 |
Mobil CRU# 97125 |
Mobil CRU# 97084 |
0 |
43 ± 1 |
42 ± 2 |
43 ± 5 |
43 ± 5 |
42 ± 4 |
12 |
51 ± 3 |
50 ± 4 |
46 ± 3 |
48 ± 5 |
47 ± 6 |
24 |
64 ± 3 |
63 ± 3 |
45 ± 5 |
55 ± 6 |
49 ± 7 |
36 |
76 ± 2 |
81 ± 1 |
49 ± 5 |
60 ± 5 |
56 ± 5 |
48 |
89 ± 2 |
91 ± 6 |
48 ± 7 |
65 ± 5 |
57 ± 5 |
60 |
98 ± 2 |
100 ± 5 |
49 ± 7 |
68 ± 6 |
63 ± 6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mutagenicity Index (MI) |
3.8 |
4.1 |
0.1 |
0.43 |
0.34 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative with metabolic activation CRU 98039 – mutagenicity index = 0.1; CRU 97084 – mutagenicity index = 0.34
positive with metabolic activation CRU 97125 – mutagenicity index = 0.43
Two of the three residual aromatic extract samples (Mobil CRU#s 98039 and 97084) are considered not mutagenic in an in vitro genotoxicity test (modified Ames assay, preincubation method) in the presence of hamster S9 fraction. The mutagenicity index for the test substances are 0.1 and 0.34 respectively. Mobil CRU# 97125 showed a low level of acticity with a mutagenicity index of 0.43. Authors concluded that the three residual aromatic extracts are unlikely to have dermal carcinogenic potential in mouse skin. - Executive summary:
In a modified bacterial reverse mutation assay (assay), three samples of residual aromatic extract (Mobil CRU#s 98039, 97125, 97084) were diluted (1:5) in DMSO in a glass tube at 45 degress Celsius, vortexed for 30 seconds every five minutes for 30 minutes, and separated by centrifugation. The lower extract phase harvested and stored until testing. A positive control reference oil was diluted (1:4) with DMSO prior to testing. The extracted oil samples ( tested at concentrations of 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, or 60 μl test material/plate), tester bacteria (TA98), and hamster S9 metabolizing mixture were combined in suspension, incubated for 20 minutes at 37 degrees Celsius, poured into a petri plate, incubated for 48 hours at 37 degrees Celsius, and revertant colonies were counted. The mutagenicity index was calculated from the intial slope of the linear portion of the dose-response curve.
Under conditions of the study, two of the three residual aromatic extract samples (Mobil CRU#s 98039 and 97084) are considered not mutagenic in an in vitro genotoxicity test (modified Ames assay, preincubation method) in the presence of hamster S9 fraction. The mutagenicity index for the test substances are 0.1 and 0.34 respectively. Mobil CRU# 97125 showed a low level of activity with a mutagenicity index of 0.43. Authors concluded that the three residual aromatic extracts are unlikely to have dermal carcinogenic potential in mouse skin. This study received a Klimisch score of 2 and is classified as reliable with restrictions because it did not contain a GLP statement but is otherwise a well-conducted study.
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