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EC number: 205-443-5 | CAS number: 140-93-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Unpublished toxicological data to C.B. Shaffer, American Cyanamid;
- Author:
- Dow Chemical Company, 1964
- Year:
- 1 964
- Bibliographic source:
- American Cyanamid; data from P. Avotin, American Cyanamid, 1982 as cited in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Oral toxicity of xanthates
- Author:
- Kirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology
- Year:
- 1 984
- Bibliographic source:
- Vol 24, 2nd ed, pp 645-661, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Priority existing chemical Report No. 5
- Author:
- Dep. of Health and Ageing, Australian Government
- Year:
- 1 995
- Bibliographic source:
- National Industrial Chemicals Notification and Assessment Scheme
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Oral toxicity of xanthates
- Author:
- Buzina, A.Z., Burkhanov, A.I. and Abeuev, Kh.B
- Year:
- 1 977
- Bibliographic source:
- Zdravookhr. Kaz., 88 ascited inKirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology,Vol 24, 2nd Ed, pp645-661, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Proxan-sodium
- EC Number:
- 205-443-5
- EC Name:
- Proxan-sodium
- Cas Number:
- 140-93-2
- Molecular formula:
- C4H8OS2.Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium O-isopropyl dithiocarbonate
- Test material form:
- solid: compact
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX)
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: 200-265g
- Fasting period before study: Over night
- Water: ad libitum
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Doses:
- 250, 500,1000, 1250, 1700, 2000 mg
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10 male
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Regular intervals on the day of dosing and daily thereafter for 14 days.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight,organ weights, histopathology, other: Gross necropsies were performed on all survivors and any animals which died during the observation period. Body weights of survivors were recorded prior to sacrifice.
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 1 250 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: oral administration of Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX) to rats produced increased motor activity, cyanosis, irritability, increased respiration and convulsions with death occurring 1 to 2 hours after administration.
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD0
- Effect level:
- 250 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: LD0 Lethal dose for 0% of the animal test population
- Mortality:
- All death occurring 1 to 2 hours after administration.
- Clinical signs:
- other: Oral administration of Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX) to rats produced increased motor activity, cyanosis, irritability, increased respiration and convulsions with death occurring 1 to 2 hours after administration.
- Gross pathology:
- Autopsy showed perivascular and pericellular oedema, multiple haemorrhages in the lungs, perivascular subarachnoid haemorrhages and acute
swelling of the cells of the cortex, subcortical ganglia and the brain stem. Fatty dystrophy of the liver and protein dystrophy of the twisted canaliculi of the kidneys were observed. - Other findings:
- The findings of these studies indicate that Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX) produces adverse effects on the central nervous system, liver and kidneys.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 3: |
Oral toxicity of xanthates (from: Kirk-Othmer, 1984)16 |
||||||
Xanthate |
Species |
LD0 |
(mg/kg) |
LD50 |
(mg/kg) |
References |
|
Sodium ethyl |
rat |
500 |
— |
17 |
|||
Potassium ethyl |
Rat mouse |
500 |
1700 583 |
17, 18 |
|||
Sodium isopropyl |
rat |
250 |
1250 |
17 |
|||
Potassium isopropyl |
rat mouse |
— — |
1700 583 |
18 — |
|||
Potassium n-butyl |
mouse |
— |
411 465 |
19,20 |
|||
Sodium isobutyl |
rat |
|
500 |
17 |
|||
Potassium isobutyl |
rat mouse |
— — |
1290 480 |
18 18 |
|||
Sodium sec-butyl |
rat |
— |
>2000 |
17 |
|||
Potassium amyl (mixed) |
rat |
1000 |
1000–2000 |
17, 21 |
|||
Potassium iso amyl |
rat mouse |
— — |
765 470 |
18 18 |
|||
C5-C6 mixture |
rat |
— |
1500 |
22 |
|||
The LD50 value of 1250 mg/kg in rats were determined for Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX). This show that Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX) is of slightly order of acute oral toxicity .
The LD50 of the various xanthates are similar, ranging from 411 to 583 mg/kg in mice and from 1000 to >2000 mg/kg in rats.
The acute oral toxic effects of one xanthate, potassium butyl xanthate, are providedin two summaries in Chemical Abstracts.
Similar symptoms and pathology findings were seen in these studies carried out by Babayan.
References :
16.Kirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology,Vol 24, 2nd ed, pp 645-661,John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
17.Dow Chemical Company, 1964, unpublished toxicological data to C.B. Shaffer,American Cyanamid; data from P. Avotin, American Cyanamid, privatecommunication, 1982 as cited in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical
18.Babayan, E.A., 1963, “Toxicology of Potassium Butyl Xanthate” Material 2-oi[Vtoroi] Itog. Nauchn. Konf. Inst. Gigieny Truda I Prof. Zabolevan Posvyashch.Vopr. Gigieny Truda I Prof. Patol. Erevan, pp 75-77 (Pub 1964)(Russ)Chem Abstract,64, 8836e (1966).
19.Babayan, E.A., “Toxicological Characteristics of the Flotation Agent PotassiumButyl Xanthate”, Mater. Itogovoi Nauch. Konf. Vop. Gig Tr Profpatol. Khim.Gornorud. Prom., 3rd 1966 (Pub 1968) 97-102 (Russ) inChemical Abstracts,Vol 73,1970.
20.Fronk, N.G., The Dow Chemical Company, private communication, 1982, as cited inKirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology,Vol 24, 2nd Ed, pp 645-661,John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
21.Buzina, A.Z., Burkhanov, A.I. and Abeuev, Kh.B., 1977 Zdravookhr. Kaz., 88 ascited inKirk-Othmer Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology,Vol 24, 2nd Ed, pp645-661, John Wiley & Sons, 1984.
22.Chemical Abstracts,Vol 64, 1966.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- other: sligthly toxic
- Remarks:
- Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The LD50 value of 1250 mg/kg was determined in a reliable study. This show that Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX) is of a Slightly order of acute oral toxicity .
Based on the data provided in this review, Sodium Isopropyl Xanthate (SIPX) shall be classified for acute oral toxicity.
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