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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 201-553-2 | CAS number: 84-69-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Early non-GLP study.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- In vitro absorption of some o-phthalate diesters through human and rat skin.
- Author:
- Scott, RC, Dugard, PH, Ramsey, JD and Rhodes, C
- Year:
- 1 989
- Bibliographic source:
- Environ Hlth Perspect, 74, 223-227
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 428 (Skin Absorption: In Vitro Method)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The absorption of several phthalate diesters by rat or human skin was investigated in vitro using glass diffusion cells. Viability of the tissue preparations was determined pre-test using tritiated water.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- diethylhexyl phthalate
- IUPAC Name:
- diethylhexyl phthalate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):
Diethylhexyl phthalate, Aldrich Chemical Co. Ltd, 99% pure
[14C]-Diethylhexyl phthalate, Amersham International Plc, >99% pure
14C]-Diethylhexyl phthalate was added to unlabelled diethylhexyl phthalate to give a final specific activity of approx. 35 uCi/ml.
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Remarks:
- [14C]-diethylhexyl phthalate
Test animals
- Species:
- other: rat, human
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Human abdominal skin was obtained from cadavers (mostly female, age 55 yr and above).
Rat skin (from Wistar derived animals was taken from the dorsal region.
The epidermis was peeled away from the dermis, stored at 4 degrees C and used within 7 days.
Administration / exposure
- Details on in vitro test system (if applicable):
- Epidermal membranes (3 cm diameter) were placed over the receptor chamber of a glass diffusion cell. Membrane integrity was determined by exclusion of tritiated water by the samples before and after each experiment.Approx. 0.5 ml of [14C]-DEHP applied to epidermal surface of the membrane (up to 72 hr contact time; minimum of 9 replicate experiments). Radioactivity in the receptor fluid was determined using liquid scintillation counting. Steady state rate of absorption (ug/cm^2/hr) determined by linear regression.
Results and discussion
- Absorption in different matrices:
- Absorption of DEHP was slower for human skin (1.06 ug/cm2/hr) than for rat skin (2.24 ug/cm2/hr).
Data reported for other phthalate esters (dibutyl, diethyl, dimethy) confirmed that human skin was consistently less permeable to phthalate esters than rat skin.
- Conversion factor human vs. animal skin:
- The results demonstrated slower absorption of diethylhexyl phthalate by human skin (1.06 ug/cm2/hr) than by rat skin (2.24 ug/cm2/hr) i.e. permeability of human skin is approx. one half of that of rat skin.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Data reported for other phthalate esters (dibutyl, diethyl, dimethy) confirmed the observation that human skin was consistently less permeable to phthalate esters than rat skin.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Human skin is less permeable to phthalate esters than is rat skin.
- Executive summary:
The uptake of [14C]-diethylhexyl phthalate by samples of human and rat skin was investigated in vitro using a glass diffusion cell. Only tissue samples exhibiting acceptable membrane integrity (determined from exclusion of tritiated water) were used. Approx. 0.5 ml of [14C]-DEHP was applied to epidermal surface of the membrane, and samples taken from the receptor fluid (50% aq. ethanol) at regular intervals (up to 53 hr (rat) or 72 hr (human)) with a minimum of at least 9 replicate experiments. Radioactivity in the receptor fluid was determined using liquid scintillation counting. The steady state rate of absorption (ug/cm^2/hr) was determined by linear regression. The results demonstrated slower absorption of diethylhexyl phthalate by human skin (1.06 ug/cm2/hr) than by rat skin (2.24 ug/cm2/hr). Data reported for other phthalate esters (dibutyl, diethyl, dimethy) confirmed the observation that human skin was consistently less permeable to phthalate esters than rat skin.
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