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EC number: 220-813-6 | CAS number: 2905-62-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Eye irritation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Not reported
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 969
- Report date:
- 1969
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride
- EC Number:
- 220-813-6
- EC Name:
- 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride
- Cas Number:
- 2905-62-6
- Molecular formula:
- C7H3Cl3O
- IUPAC Name:
- 3,5-dichlorobenzoyl chloride
- Test material form:
- other: granular
- Details on test material:
- - Appearance: White, granular solid with a faint odour which formed a liquid when heated to 30 °C for the purpose of administration.
Constituent 1
Test animals / tissue source
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: Adult
- Weight at study initiation: 2.0 - 3.1 kg
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Purina Rabbit Chow available ad libitum.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Water available ad libitum.
Test system
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 0.1 mL.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- A single treatment.
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 14 days.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 9
- Details on study design:
- The eyes were judged free of irritation and corneal damage (confirmed by sodium fluorescein examination) prior to initiation of the study.
Administration: A single application of 0.1 mL was made into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of nine rabbits. Three eyes were irrigated with 20 mL of tap water two seconds after application, three eyes were irrigated four seconds after application, and three eyes were not irrigated but were held closed for one second. Untreated right eyes served as controls.
Observations and Records:
Gross Signs of Eye Irritation and Systemic Toxicity - Observations recorded at 24, 48, and 72 hours and 4, 7, 10, and 14 days following application. Eye irritation graded and scored according to the numerical scoring system of Draize (see below).
Body Weights - Recorded initially and terminally.
Terminal Fluorescein Examination: On Day 7, Day 10, or Day 14, treated eyes were examined with 2.0% sodium fluorescein stain for evidence of corneal damage.
SCORING SYSTEM: Draize Scale for Ocular Irritation.
Draize Scale for Scoring Ocular Irritation
1. CONJUNCTIVAE
(A) Redness (refers to palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae excluding cornea and iris)
Vessels normal............................................................................................................................................0
Vessels definitely injected above normal................................................................................................1
More diffuse, deeper crimson red, individual vessels not easily discernible....................................2
Diffuse beefy red.........................................................................................................................................3
(B) Chemosis
No swelling..................................................................................................................................................0
Any swelling above normal (includes nictitating membrane).............................................................1
Obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids.......................................................................................2
Swelling with lids about half closed.........................................................................................................3
Swelling with lids half closed to completely closed...............................................................................4
(C) Discharge
No discharge...............................................................................................................................................0
Any amount different from normal (does not include small amounts observed in inner
canthus of normal animals)......................................................................................................................1
Discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs just adjacent to lids...............................................2
Discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs a considerable area around the eye...................3
THE TOTAL SCORE = (A + B + C) x 2 MAXIMUM TOTAL = 20
2. IRIS
(D) Values
Normal.........................................................................................................................................................0
Folds above normal, congestion, swelling, circumcorneal injection (any or all
of these orcombination of any thereof) iris still reacting to light
(sluggish reaction is positive).................................................................................................................1
No reaction to light, haemorrhage, gross destruction (any or all of these)....................................2
THE TOTAL SCORE = D x 5 MAXIMUM TOTAL = 10
3. CORNEA
(E) Degree of Opacity (most dense area used)
No opacity...................................................................................................................................................0
Scattered or diffuse areas, details of iris clearly visible......................................................................1
Easily discernible translucent areas, details of iris slightly obscured..............................................2
Opalescent areas, no details of iris visible, size of pupil barely discernible....................................3
Opaque, iris not discernible through the opacity................................................................................4
(F) Area of Cornea Involved
One quarter (or less) but not zero..........................................................................................................1
Greater than one quarter but less than half...........................................................................................2
Greater than half but less than three quarters......................................................................................3
Greater than three quarters, up to whole area.......................................................................................4
THE TOTAL SCORE =(E x F) x 5 MAXIMUM TOTAL = 80
MAXIMUM TOTAL SCORE POSSIBLE = 110
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: No numerical values reported.
- Remarks:
- Reported as slight to moderate conjunctival erythema subsiding by day 14.
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: No numerical values reported.
- Remarks:
- Reported as slight chemosis subsiding by day 10
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not fully reversible within: 14 days
- Remarks on result:
- other: No numerical values reported.
- Remarks:
- Reported as corneal opacity at 24 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- not specified
- Remarks on result:
- other: No numerical values reported.
- Remarks:
- Reported as slight iritis subsiding by day 4
Any other information on results incl. tables
Principal Toxic Effects - None considered related to mucous membrane absorption; however, blinking and preening of the treated eye was noted immediately following instillation. Slight terminal weight loss was also observed in four animals.
Gross Signs of Eye Irritation
-Irrigated Groups: From 24 hours, irritation included slight to marked (one eye) conjunctival erythema (subsiding by day 10), slight chemosis and discharge (subsiding by 72 hours or in one eye by day 7), and slight iritis (at 24 hours). A red spot on the iris of one eye was noted from 48 hours through day 10 but could possibly have been a self-inflicted injury.
-Non-irrigated Group: From 24 hours, irritation included slight to moderate conjunctival erythema (subsiding by day 14), slight chemosis (subsiding by day 10), slight to moderate discharge (subsiding by day 10), slight iritis (subsiding by day 4), and in one eye slight corneal opacity at 24 hours. On day 10 and day 14, alopecia surrounding the eye was observed in two animals.
-Terminal Fluorescein Examination - On day 7, day 10, or day 14, the examination confirmed the absence of corneal damage in all treated eyes.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not classified
- Remarks:
- Not possible to determine classification with available information. Criteria used for interpretation of results: expert judgment
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this study, the test material caused some eye irritation with no sign of toxic effects. All symptoms were fully recovered by the end of the observation period.
- Executive summary:
The potential of the test material to cause eye irritation in the New Zealand White rabbit was investigated in a study which was conducted using methodology broadly equivalent to the standardised guideline OECD 405.
A single application of 0.1 mL was made into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of nine rabbits. Three eyes were irrigated with 20 mL of tap water two seconds after application, three eyes were irrigated four seconds after application, and three eyes were not irrigated but were held closed for one second. Untreated right eyes served as controls.
Observations for gross signs of eye irritation and systemic toxicity were made at 24, 48, and 72 hours and 4, 7, 10, and 14 days following application. Eye irritation was graded and scored according to the Draize scale.
Blinking and preening of the treated eye was noted immediately following instillation.
-Irrigated Groups: From 24 hours, irritation included slight to marked (one eye) conjunctival erythema (subsiding by day 10), slight chemosis and discharge (subsiding by 72 hours or in one eye by day 7), and slight iritis (at 24 hours).
-Non-irrigated Group: From 24 hours, irritation included slight to moderate conjunctival erythema (subsiding by day 14), slight chemosis (subsiding by day 10), slight to moderate discharge (subsiding by day 10), slight iritis (subsiding by day 4), and in one eye slight corneal opacity at 24 hours. On day 10 and day 14, alopecia surrounding the eye was observed in two animals.
Terminal fluorescein examination confirmed the absence of corneal damage in all treated eyes.
Under the conditions of this study, the test material caused some eye irritation with no sign of toxic effects. All symptoms were fully recovered by the end of the observation period.
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