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EC number: 236-291-8 | CAS number: 13282-70-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2015-02-02 to 2015-07-23
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples were collected at 0, 24 and 48 hours from all test concentrations (0.05, 0.10, 0.20. 0.40 and 0.80 mg/L) and control.
- Details on test solutions:
- Method: ultrasonication of stock solution (0.1053 g test substance added to 100 mL deionised water).
Stock solution was then diluted with Elendt MT to the appropriate test concentrations. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia magna, not from the first brood progeny, were less than 24 hours old at the start of the test.
Stock animals were maintained in Elendt M7 medium under similar conditions to test conditions. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- Not reported
- Test temperature:
- 20.5 - 21.2 degrees Celsius
- pH:
- 7.10 - 7.82
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 92-100 %
- Salinity:
- NA
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The nominal concentrations were 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80 mg/L, the respective measured concentrations were in ranges 0.040-0.041, 0.083 - 0.087, 0.165-0.169, 0.341-0.353 and 0.890-0.928 mg/L. These were within 20% of the nominal concentrations.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume:100 mL, 50 mL test solution in each vessel
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): NA
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Elendt M7
- Culture medium different from test medium:No
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: Complete darkness
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility measured at 24 and 48 h.
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: 0.10, 1.01, 10.1 mg/L nominal concentrations
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: NS - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate, purity >99.8 %, Lot number: 13012220054
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.29 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- The results can be seen in Table 1 in the "Any other information on results incl. tables" section
- Behavioural abnormalities: not reported
- Observations on body length and weight: not reported
- Other biological observations: not reported
- Mortality of control: not reported
- Other adverse effects control: not reported
- Abnormal responses: not reported
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: not reported
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: not reported - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Potassium dichromate 24 h EC50 was 1.13 mg/L
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- EC50 and 95% confidence limits were calculated by Trimmed Spearman-Karber Method (Version 1.5, USEPA)
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- None of the control Daphnids were immobilised, the dissolved oxygen concentrations varied between 92 and 100 % of air concentrations
- Conclusions:
- The effects of the substance were assessed under static test conditions on Daphnia magna according to OECD Guideline 202. The 48 h EC50 for the test substance was 0.29 mg/L based on nominal concentrations (95% confidence limit based on measured concentrations was 0.26 - 0.32 mg/L).
- Executive summary:
This test was carried out according to "The guidelines for the testing of Chemicals-Effects on Biotic Systems" (2nd edition, Beijing: China Environment Press, 2013) and with reference to procedure 202 of the "Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals" ("Daphnia sp., acute immobilisation test" (2004)) according to GLP. In it Daphnia magna were exposed to the test substance for 48 hours to nominal concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80 mg/L. 20 daphnids were used for each exposure (4 replicates, 5 Daphnids in each). Immobilisation was estimated at 24 and 48 hours from the beginning of the experiment.
During the test, pH values varied between 7.10 and 7.82 and dissolved oxygen values varied between 92 and 100 %, the temperature varied between 20.5 and 21.2 degrees Celsius. The amounts of the test substance were measured using HPLC-MS from samples collected at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and the resulting amounts were within 20% of the nominal concentrations.
A toxic control experiment was carried out using K2Cr2O7 with the resulting 24 h EC50 of 1.13 mg/L.
There was no immobilisation observed at the control and 0.05 mg/L treatments, but all Daphnids were immobilised at the 0.80 mg/L concentration after 24 hours. The resulting 48 h EC50 for the test substance was 0.29 mg/L based on nominal concentrations (95% confidence limit based on measured concentrations was 0.26-0.32 mg/L).
Reference
Table 1. Acute Immobilization of Test Substance on Daphnia magna during the Definitive Test
Nominal Conc. (mg/l) | Measured Conc. (mg/L) | Initial number of Daphnids | 24 h | 48 h | ||
Number of immobilised Daphnids | Immobilisation rate (%) | Number of Immobilised Daphnids | Immobilisation rate (%) | |||
Control | ND | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
0.05 | 0.04 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
0.10 | 0.083 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
5 | 0 | 0 | ||||
5 | 0 | 1 | ||||
5 | 0 | 1 | ||||
0.20 | 0.167 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 1 | 30 |
5 | 0 | 1 | ||||
5 | 1 | 2 | ||||
5 | 1 | 2 | ||||
0.40 | 0.347 | 5 | 2 | 30 | 2 | 55 |
5 | 2 | 3 | ||||
5 | 1 | 3 | ||||
5 | 1 | 3 | ||||
0.80 | 0.909 | 5 | 5 | 100 | 5 | 100 |
5 | 5 | 5 | ||||
5 | 5 | 5 | ||||
5 | 5 | 5 | ||||
EC50 (mg/L based on the nominal concentration) | 0.43 | 0.29 | ||||
95% confidence interval (mg/L, based on nominal concentrations) | 0.40 – 0.46 | 0.26 – 0.32 |
Description of key information
48 h EC50 = 0.29 mg/L (Daphnia magna); OECD 202; Zhen (2015)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect concentration:
- 0.29 mg/L
Additional information
The key study for this endpoint was carried out according to "The guidelines for the testing of Chemicals-Effects on Biotic Systems" (2nd edition, Beijing: China Environment Press, 2013) and with reference to procedure 202 of the "Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals" ("Daphnia sp., acute immobilisation test" (2004)) according to GLP. In it Daphnia magna were exposed to the test substance for 48 hours to nominal concentrations of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.40 and 0.80 mg/L. 20 daphnids were used for each exposure (4 replicates, 5 Daphnids in each). Immobilisation was estimated at 24 and 48 hours from the beginning of the experiment.
During the test, pH values varied between 7.10 and 7.82 and dissolved oxygen values varied between 92 and 100 %, the temperature varied between 20.5 and 21.2 degrees Celsius. The amounts of the test substance were measured using HPLC-MS from samples collected at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and the resulting amounts were within 20% of the nominal concentrations.
A toxic control experiment was carried out using K2Cr2O7 with the resulting 24 h EC50 of 1.13 mg/L.
There was no immobilisation observed at the control and 0.05 mg/L treatments, but all Daphnids were immobilised at the 0.80 mg/L concentration after 24 hours. The resulting 48 h EC50 for the test substance was 0.29 mg/L based on nominal concentrations (95% confidence limit based on measured concentrations was 0.26-0.32 mg/L).
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