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EC number: 201-579-4 | CAS number: 85-00-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 Nov 2020 – 09 Dec 2020
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (1992)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- (2008)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 835.3110 (Ready Biodegradability)
- Version / remarks:
- (1998)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source: Waste water treatment plant treating predominantly domestic wastewater Ruhrverband Kläranlage, Sunthelle 6, 57392 Schmallenberg, Germany
- date of collection: 11.11.2020 (day of test start)
- Sludge was filtered (2 mm) to remove coarse particles, washed once with tap water and maintained under aerobic conditions until use. The sludge was left for settlement for ca. one hour, the supernatant was discarded, and the concentration was adjusted to 4.7 g/L in tap water based on dry mass measurements.
- Test Concentration: 29.5 mg dry material/litre - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 52.5 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThOD
- Remarks:
- considering total lack of nitrification
- Initial conc.:
- 68 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThOD
- Remarks:
- considering total nitirification
- Initial conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- All test assays except for the abiotic controls were filled up to 250 mL with inoculated mineral medium. No emulsifiers or solvents were used.
The reference item sodium benzoate was added from a stock solution (procedural control, toxicity control).
The test material was used without further purification. The test item was added to ensure a final concentration of 100 mg/L as an aqueous stock solution.
A toxicity control containing both test and reference item at the same concentrations as in the individual solutions (test item 100 mg/L, reference item 100 mg/L) was prepared to determine the possible toxicity of the test item against the inoculum.
Inoculum controls containing mineral medium only were prepared.
Abiotic controls were prepared to measure any possible abiotic degradation by sterilizing a solution of the test item at about 100 mg/L by the addition of 10 mL/L NaN3 (100 g/L).
Before the start of the test, the pH values of all solutions were determined and adjusted to pH 7.4 ± 0.2 with H2SO4 (50 g/L). At the end of the test, the pH values of all solutions were determined again.
The percentage biodegradation of test item and of the reference item sodium benzoate was calculated based on their biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD). Since the test material contains nitrogen, the % biodegradation was calculated based on the ThODNH3 (no nitrification) and ThODNO3 (complete nitrification).
At Day 0 and Day 28 (end of test), the concentration of nitrate and nitrite in the inoculum control and test material flasks was measured spectrophotometrically using commercially available test kit(s) (NANOCOLOR® Nitrat 50 985064 and NANOCOLOR® Nitrit 91867, Macherey-Nagel). - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- -11.8
- St. dev.:
- 7.3
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: based on ThOD(NO3)
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- -15.2
- St. dev.:
- 9.4
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: based oht ThOD(NH3)
- Results with reference substance:
- In the procedure controls, the reference item was degraded by an average of 89% by Day 14, confirming the suitability of the activated sludge. At the end of the test (Day 28), the reference item was degraded by an average of 96%.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test substance was not readily biodegradable under the conditions of the test within 28 days.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test substance was determined by observing the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) using manometric methods over 28 days. Aerobic activated sludge was used as the inoculum. As a procedural control, the reference item sodium benzoate
was tested. The toxicity control contained both test item and the reference item sodium benzoate.
The test item was not readily biodegradable under the conditions of the test within 28 days.
Reference
Biodegradation in the toxicity control
The percent biodegradation in the toxicity control, which contains both the test item and the reference item, was calculated based on the sum of the ThOD of the test item and the reference item. Within 14 days of incubation, biodegradation of 67% and 62% was observed based on the ThODNH3 and ThODNO3, respectively. Thus, according to the test guidelines, the test item had no inhibitory effect on activated sludge microorganisms at the tested concentration of 100 mg/L because biodegradation in the toxicity control was >25% within 14 days.
Biodegradation in the abiotic control
No degradation was observed in the abiotic control.
Nitrification
Nitrite-N and nitrate-N concentrations were measured in the media of inoculum blanks and the test assays at test start and test end and are reported below.
Since the biodegradation rate – even considering the total lack of nitrification – was clearly below the threshold value for ready biodegradability, the effects of nitrification did not need to be considered.
Sample flask | Replicate | Nitrate-N Concentration (mg/L) | Nitrite-N Concentration (mg/L) | ||
Day 0 | Day 28 | Day 0 | Day 28 | ||
Inoculum Control | 1 | 0.68 | 0.68 | <0.03 | <0.002 |
2 | 0.45 | 0.90 | <0.03 | <0.002 | |
Test Item | 1 | 0.45 | 0.45 | <0.03 | <0.002 |
2 | 0.68 | 0.68 | <0.03 | <0.002 |
Description of key information
The substance is not readily biodegradable in water.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- not biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.