Dimethylbis[(1-oxoneodecyl)oxy]stannane

Skin irritation / corrosion

Administrative data

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

15 November 2017 to 20 November 2017

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2018

Report date:

2018

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Version / remarks:

2015

Deviations:

no

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.46 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Test)

Version / remarks:

2009

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Dimethylbis[(1-oxoneodecyl)oxy]stannane

EC Number:

273-028-6

EC Name:

Dimethylbis[(1-oxoneodecyl)oxy]stannane

Cas Number:

68928-76-7

Molecular formula:

C22H44O4Sn

IUPAC Name:

[(7,7-dimethyloctanoyl)oxy]dimethylstannyl 7,7-dimethyloctanoate

Test material form:

liquid: viscous

Details on test material:

- Physical state/Appearance: Clear colourless viscous liquid
- Storage Conditions: Room temperature in the dark

In vitro test system

Test system:

human skin model

Source species:

human

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Justification for test system used:

Recommended in international guidelines

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: EPISKIN™ Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model Kit
- Source: SkinEthic Laboratories, Lyon, France
- Tissue lot number: 17-EKIN-046
- Date recieved: 14 November 2017

TEST FOR DIRECT MTT REDUCTION
- A test material may interfere with the MTT endpoint if it is able to directly reduce MTT and at the same time is present on or in the tissues when the MTT viability test is performed. To identify this possible interference, the test material is checked for the ability to directly reduce MTT: 10 µL of the test material was added to 2 mL of a 0.3 mg/mL MTT solution freshly prepared in assay medium. The solution was incubated in the dark at 37 °C, 5 % CO2 in air for 3 hours. Untreated MTT solution was used as a control. If the MTT solution containing the test material turns blue/purple, the test material is presumed to have reduced the MTT and the determination of skin irritation potential would be performed in parallel on viable and water killed tissues for quantitative correction of the results.

ASSESSMENT OF COLOUR INTERFERENCE WITH MTT ENDPOINT
- A test material may interfere with the MTT endpoint if it is coloured. The MTT assay is affected only if the test material is present in the tissues when the MTT viability assay is performed. 10 µL of test material was added to 90 µL of sterile water. After mixing for 15 minutes on a plate shaker a visual assessment of the colour was made.

PRE-INCUBATION (DAY 0: TISSUE ARRIVAL)
- Before removal from the transport plate each tissue was inspected for any air bubbles between the agarose gel and the insert, whether the tissues were satisfactory, whether the temperature indicator colour was satisfactory and whether the agar medium colour was satisfactory.
- 2 mL of maintenance medium was warmed to approximately 37 °C and pipetted into the first column of 3 wells of a pre-labelled 12 well plate. Each epidermis unit was transferred into the maintenance medium filled wells (3 units per plate). A different 12-well plate was used for the test material and each control material. The tissues were incubated at 37 °C, 5 % CO2 in air overnight.

TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: room temperature
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation: 37 °C

APPLICATION OF THE TEST MATERIAL (DAY 1)
- 2 mL of maintenance medium, warmed to approximately 37 °C, was pipetted into the second column of 3 wells of the 12 well plate.
- Triplicate tissues were treated with the test material for an exposure period of 15 minutes. The test material was applied topically to the corresponding tissues ensuring uniform covering. 10 µL (26.3 µL/cm²) of the test material was applied to the epidermis surface. Triplicate tissues treated with 10 µL of DPBS served as the negative controls and triplicate tissues treated with 10 µL of SDS 5 % w/v served as the positive controls. To ensure satisfactory contact with the positive control material the SDS solution was spread over the entire surface of the epidermis using a pipette tip (taking particular care to cover the centre). After a 7 minute contact time the SDS solution was re-spread with a pipette tip to maintain the distribution of the SDS for the remainder of the contact period (re-spreading is not required for the negative control or test material). The plates were kept in the biological safety cabinet at room temperature for 15 minutes.

REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
- At the end of the exposure period, each tissue was removed from the well using forceps and rinsed using a wash bottle containing DPBS with Ca++ and Mg++. Rinsing was achieved by filling and emptying each tissue insert for approximately 40 seconds using a constant soft stream of DPBS to gently remove any residual test material. The rinsed tissues were transferred to the second column of 3 wells containing 2 mL of maintenance medium in each well. The rinsed tissues were incubated at 37 °C, 5 % CO2 in air for 42 hours.

MTT LOADING/ FORMAZAN EXTRACTION (DAY 3)
- Following the 42 hour post-exposure incubation period each 12-well plate was placed onto a plate shaker for 15 minutes to homogenise the released mediators in the maintenance medium. 1.6 mL of the maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labelled micro tubes and stored in a freezer at -14 to -30 °C for possible inflammatory mediator determination.
- 2 mL of a 0.3 mg/mL MTT solution, freshly prepared in assay medium, was pipetted into the third column of 3 wells of the 12-well plates. The tissues were transferred to the MTT filled wells, being careful to remove any excess maintenance medium from the bottom of the tissue insert by blotting on absorbent paper. The tissues were incubated for 3 hours at 37 °C, 5 % CO2 in air. At the end of the 3 hour incubation period each tissue was placed onto absorbent paper to dry. A total biopsy of the epidermis was made using the EPISKIN biopsy punch. The epidermis was carefully separated from the collagen matrix using forceps and both parts (epidermis and collagen matrix) placed into labelled 1.5 mL micro tubes containing 500 µL of acidified isopropanol, ensuring that both the epidermis and collagen matrix were fully immersed. Each tube was plugged to prevent evaporation and mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer. The tubes were refrigerated at 1 to 10 °C until Day 6 of the experiment, allowing the extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues.

NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 3

ABSORBANCE/ OPTICAL DENSITY MEASUREMENTS
- At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly on a vortex mixer to produce a homogenous coloured solution.
- For each tissue, duplicate 200 µL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre labelled 96 well plate. 200 µL of acidified isopropanol alone was added to the two wells designated as ‘blanks’. The optical density was measured (quantitative viability analysis) at 570 nm (without a reference filter) using the Labtech LT 4500 microplate reader.

DATA EVALUATION
- Quantitative MTT Assessment (Percentage Tissue Viability):
For the test material the relative mean tissue viabilities obtained after the 15 minute exposure period followed by the 42 hour post exposure incubation period were compared to the mean of the negative control treated tissues (n=3). The relative mean viabilities were calculated in the following way:
Relative mean viability (%) = (mean OD570 of the test material/ mean OD570 of the negative control) x 100
Classification of irritation potential is based upon relative mean tissue viability following the 15 minute exposure period followed by the 42 hour post exposure incubation period according to the following:
A relative mean tissue viability ≤ 50 % = Irritant (H314 or H315 Category 1 or 2)
A relative mean tissue viability > 50 % = Non- irritant (Not classified for irritation)

- Quality Criteria:
The results of the assay are considered acceptable if the following assay acceptance criteria are achieved:
The assay establishes the acceptance criterion for an acceptable test if the relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues is ≤ 40 % relative to the negative control treated tissues, and the standard deviation (SD) value of the percentage viability is ≤ 18 %.
The assay establishes the acceptance criterion for an acceptable test if the mean OD570 for the negative control treated tissues is ≥ 0.6 and ≤ 1.5, and the SD value of the percentage viability is ≤ 18 %.
The assay establishes the acceptance criterion for an acceptable test if the standard deviation calculated from individual percentage tissue viabilities of the three identically treated tissues is ≤ 18 %.

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied: 10 µL (26.3 µL/cm²)

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied: 10 µL

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied: 10 µL
- Concentration: 5 % w/v

Duration of treatment / exposure:

15 minutes

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

42 hours

Number of replicates:

3

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

mean

Value:

5.8

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- Direct MTT Reduction:
The MTT solution containing the test material did not turn blue or purple which indicated that the test material did not directly reduce MTT.

- Assessment of Colour Interference with the MTT endpoint:
The solution containing the test material was colourless. It was therefore unnecessary to run colour correction tissues.

- Test Material, Positive Control Material and Negative Control Material:
The individual and mean OD570 values, standard deviations and tissue viabilities for the test material, negative control material and positive control material are given in Table 1. The mean viabilities and standard deviations of the test material and positive control, relative to the negative control are also given in Table 1.
The relative mean viability of the test material treated tissues was 5.8 % after a 15-minute exposure period and 42-hour post-exposure incubation period.
It was considered unnecessary to perform IL-1α analysis as the results of the MTT test were unequivocal.

- Quality Criteria:
The relative mean tissue viability for the positive control treated tissues was 17.8 % relative to the negative control treated tissues and the standard deviation value of the viability was 7.3 %. The positive control acceptance criteria were therefore satisfied.
The mean OD570 for the negative control treated tissues was 0.885 and the standard deviation value of the viability was 8.8 %. The negative control acceptance criteria were therefore satisfied.
The standard deviation calculated from individual tissue viabilities of the three identically test material treated tissues was 0.6 %. The test material acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1: Mean OD570 Values and Viabilities for the Negative Control, Positive Control and Test Material

Treatment	OD570 of tissues	Mean OD570 of triplicate tissues	± SD of OD570	Relative individual tissue viability (%)	Relative mean viability (%)	± SD of Relative mean viability (%)
Negative Control	0.972	0.885	0.078	109.8	100*	8.8
	0.821			92.8
	0.861			97.3
Positive Control	0.227	0.158	0.065	25.6	17.8	7.3
	0.099			11.2
	0.147			16.6
Test Material	0.053	0.051	0.005	6.0	5.8	0.6
	0.045			5.1
	0.054			6.1

OD = Optical Density

SD = Standard deviation

* = The mean viability of the negative control tissues is set at 100 %

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

other: EU Criteria: H315 “Causes Skin Irritation” Category 2

Conclusions:

Under the conditions of this study, the test material is an irritant in the in vitro skin irritation test.

Executive summary:

The potential of the test material to cause skin irritation was investigated in accordance with the standardised guidelines OECD 439 and EU Method B.46, under GLP conditions.

The purpose of this test was to evaluate the skin irritation potential of the test material using the EPISKIN™ reconstructed human epidermis model after a treatment period of 15 minutes followed by a post-exposure incubation period of 42 hours.

During the study, triplicate tissues were treated with the test material for an exposure period of 15 minutes. At the end of the exposure period each tissue was rinsed before incubating for 42 hours. At the end of the post-exposure incubation period each tissue was taken for MTT-loading. The maintenance medium from beneath each tissue was transferred to pre-labelled micro tubes and stored in a freezer for possible inflammatory mediator determination. After MTT-loading a total biopsy of each epidermis was made and placed into micro tubes containing acidified isopropanol for extraction of formazan crystals out of the MTT-loaded tissues. At the end of the formazan extraction period each tube was mixed thoroughly and duplicate 200 μL samples were transferred to the appropriate wells of a pre-labelled 96-well plate. The optical density was measured at 570 nm. Data are presented in the form of percentage viability (MTT reduction in the test material treated tissues relative to negative control tissues).

The relative mean viability of the test material treated tissues was 5.8 % after the 15 -minute exposure period and 42 -hours post-exposure incubation period. The quality criteria required for acceptance of results in the test were satisfied.

Under the conditions of this study, the test material is an irritant in the in vitro skin irritation test.