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EC number: 235-002-2 | CAS number: 12053-27-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
No skin sensitisation study with dichromium nitride is available. However, based on the information available from a skin sensitisation study (OECD 406; GLP) with basic chromium (III) sulphate , it was concluded using a category read-across concept that dichromium nitride is not sensitising either. The approach for read-across is described in detail in the document attached in IUCLID section 13.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin sensitisation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin sensitisation: in vivo (non-LLNA)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 406 (Skin Sensitisation)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Type of study:
- Buehler test
- Justification for non-LLNA method:
- An appropriate Buehler test is available which would not justify conducting an additional LLNA due to animal welfare.
- Species:
- guinea pig
- Strain:
- Hartley
- Sex:
- female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River
- Age at study initiation: 5-6 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 331-397 g
- Housing: groups of two or five
- Diet: ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum)
- Acclimation period: five days
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 +/- 3
- Humidity (%): 40-70
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 06/06/2006 To: 06/07/2006 - Route:
- epicutaneous, semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Concentration / amount:
- 80% was used for induction and challenge
- Route:
- epicutaneous, semiocclusive
- Vehicle:
- physiological saline
- Concentration / amount:
- 80% was used for induction and challenge
- No. of animals per dose:
- Ten control animals; 20 test animals
- Details on study design:
- RANGE FINDING TESTS:
No signs of irritation were seen at concentrations of up to 80% (the highest tested) (6-hour occlusive application)
MAIN STUDY
A. INDUCTION EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: three
- Exposure period: six hours
- Test groups: 20 animals
- Control group: 10 animals
- Site: left flank
- Frequency of applications: once per week
- Duration: six hours
- Concentrations: 50%
B. CHALLENGE EXPOSURE
- No. of exposures: one
- Day(s) of challenge: two weeks following the final induction
- Exposure period: 6 hours
- Test groups: 20 animals
- Control group: 10 animals
- Site: back and right flank
- Concentrations: 0% and 80%
- Evaluation (hr after challenge): 24 and 48 hours - Challenge controls:
- Test and control animals were challenged with 80% test material (in physiological saline) and vehicle alone.
- Positive control substance(s):
- yes
- Remarks:
- alpha hexyl cinnamic aldehyde
- Positive control results:
- Challenge with 20% positive control (in saline) resulted in dermal effects in 9/20 animals (45% response)
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: vehicle. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: vehicle. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 80%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 80%. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- test chemical
- Dose level:
- 80%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 20
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: test group. Dose level: 80%. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 20.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: vehicle. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- vehicle
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: vehicle. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 1st reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 24
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 80%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 1st reading. . Hours after challenge: 24.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 80%. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Reading:
- 2nd reading
- Hours after challenge:
- 48
- Group:
- negative control
- Dose level:
- 80%
- No. with + reactions:
- 0
- Total no. in group:
- 10
- Clinical observations:
- none
- Remarks on result:
- other: Reading: 2nd reading. . Hours after challenge: 48.0. Group: negative control. Dose level: 80%. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 10.0. Clinical observations: none.
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Remarks:
- (based on the results of this study)
- Conclusions:
- No evidence of sensitisation was seen under the conditions of this study.
- Executive summary:
The potential of the test material (a mixture of basic chromium sulphate, sodium sulphate and water) to induce delayed contact hypersensitivity (skin sensitisation) was investigated in a three-induction Buehler study using female Hartley guinea pigs. The concentrations of the test material used for induction and challenge applications were based on the results of a preliminary study. The results of an acceptable positive control study are also reported, confirming the sensitivity of the assay. Induction was performed on 20 test animals using 6 -hour semi-occlusive application of 0.5 ml test material (80% in physiological saline); a total of three applications were made over a three-week period. Ten control animals were similarly treated, using vehicle. Two weeks following the final induction application, all test and control animals were challenged using a 6- hour semi-occlusive application of the test material (80%). Dermal reactions were assessed at 24 and 48 hours following patch removal. No dermal reactions were seen in test or control animals. No evidence of sensitisation was seen under the conditions of this study.
Reference
Dermal reactions during the induction phase were limited to one animal following the second and third exposures (Grade 1 erythema, desquamation). Similar findings were not seen in this animal following challenge.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
- Additional information:
Skin sensitisation
One reliable animal study described in Vohr (2006) (OECD 406; GLP compliant) is considered to be reliable without restrictions. The substance was determined not to be a skin sensitiser.
Furthermore, the release of chromium from dichromium nitride into artificial sweat was investigated in a bioaccessibility study. Since the dissolution of chromium was very low (< 0.0071%) it can be concluded that the potential for dichromium nitride to cause sensitisation due to dissolved chromium (III) is highly unlikely.
Respiratory sensitisation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Justification for classification or non-classification
Skin sensitisation
The substance does not possess a skin sensitisation potential and does not require classification as skin sensitiser according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 and subsequent adaptations.
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