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EC number: 700-862-4 | CAS number: 42797-18-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From April 19, 2017 to May 7, 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-E (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 835.3110 (Ready Biodegradability)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- TEST SYSTEM
Origin: The secondary effluent microorganisms supplied from the sewage plant for domestic sewage in Veszprém, Hungary.
Conditioning: The secondary effluent used for this study was allowed to settle approximately for an hour, then the decanted effluent was aerated until use (not later than an hour).
TEST UNITS
Type and Size: BOD bottles (300 mL) with special neck and glass stoppers.
Identification: Each test flask was uniquely identified with study code, test group, days of measurement and replicate number.
TEST CONDITIONS
The test was carried out in an incubator and controlled environment room (during the formulation and oxygen measuring) at a temperature of 22±2°C according to guideline. The test flasks were placed into an incubator and kept at 21.4 - 23.4°C, in the dark. The temperature was measured on weekdays during the experiment. The oxygen concentration of test water was 8.8 mg/L at the start of the test. The pH value of the test water was checked prior start of the experiment and was 7.44. The test conditions were measured with suitable instruments and documented in the raw data. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 2.6 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThOD
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- PREPARATION OF THE TEST SOLUTIONS
The respective amount of the test substance was weighed in directly to reach the required concentration of 2.6 mg/L. The chosen test substance concentration was based on theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) of 2.33 mg O2/mg test substance (calculated according to equation given in the guidelines) and on the performed 14-d preliminary test. The components were applied in the amounts/volumes in the test flasks:
1) Test substance (flasks 1a and 1b)
Based on the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) of 2.33 mg O2/mg test substance 8.8 mg of the test substance was thoroughly mixed into 3.40 L of aqueous test medium (corresponding to 2.6 mg/L test substance, with a ThOD of about 6.058 mg O2/L).
2) Procedure Control: Sodium benzoate (flasks 2a and 2b)
Based on the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) of sodium benzoate (1.67 mg O2 per mg) stock solution corresponding to 12.24 mg of sodium benzoate was mixed into 3.40 L of aqueous test medium (corresponding to 3.6 mg/L reference substance, respectively a ThOD of about 6.012 mg O2/L).
3) Inoculum Control (flasks 3a and 3b)
Only filtered inoculum was added to 3.40 L of aqueous test medium.
4) Toxicity Control (flasks 4a and 4b)
The test substance (8.8 mg) and the reference substance stock solution (34.0 mL) were mixed into 3.40 L of aqueous test medium corresponding to 2.6 mg/L test substance (ThOD of 6.058 mg O2/L) and 3.6 mg/L reference substance (ThOD of 6.012 mg O2/L).
Microbial inoculum (0.5 mL per litre) was added to each bottle.
COURSE OF THE TEST
Preparation of Test Flasks
Sufficient number of BOD flasks was cleaned with 5 - 10 mL of a wash liquid (2.5 g iodine and 12.5 g potassium iodide per litre of 1% w/v sulphuric acid) by shaking well to coat the bottle walls. After allowing standing for 15 min, the wash liquid was poured off, and the bottles were thoroughly rinsed with tap water and deionised water. Then, the previously described test solutions were filled into the bottles bubble-free until the bottles were completely filled. Then they were tightly closed with glass stoppers.
The Test Bottles
The number of test bottles was the follow:
- 10 bottles containing the test substance and inoculum
- 10 bottles containing the reference substance and inoculum (procedure control)
- 10 bottles containing only inoculum (inoculum control)
- 10 bottles containing the test substance, reference substance and inoculum (toxicity control)
MEASUREMENTS
Measurement of Oxygen
The incubation period of the closed bottle test was 28 d. The oxygen concentrations were measured with an oxygen meter with a stirring O2 electrode. Oxygen measurements were performed in duplicate on Days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28.
Measurement of temperature: temperature was measured continuously and registered on weekdays. - Reference substance:
- other: sodium benzoate
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 8.3
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The percentage biodegradation of the test substance reached a mean of 8.3% after 28 d based on the ThOD of the test substance. According to the test guidelines the pass level for ready biodegradability is removal of 60% ThOD. Therefore the test substance is considered not readily biodegradable.
- Results with reference substance:
- - The reference substance sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to a mean of 70.8% after 14 d, based on ThOD, thus confirming the suitability of the used inoculum.
- In the toxicity control containing both, the test substance and the reference substance sodium benzoate, a mean of 37.1% biodegradation was noted within 14 d of incubation. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions, test substance is considered not readily biodegradable.
- Executive summary:
A study was conducted to determine the ready biodegradability of the test substance PBBA according to OECD Guideline 301 D, EU Method C.4 -E and EPA Guideline OPPTS 835.3110, in compliance with GLP. The test substance at 2.6 mg/L was inoculated for 28 d in a pre-aerated microbial system collected from a domestic sewage plant. Biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference substance, sodium benzoate (at 3.6 mg/L) was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test substance. Additionally, toxicity and inoculum controls were used.Sodium benzoate was degraded up to 70.8% after 14 d, based on ThOD, thus confirming the suitability of the used inoculum. In the toxicity control containing both the test substance and sodium benzoate, a mean of 37.1% biodegradation was observed within 14 d of incubation. Under the test conditions, the percentage biodegradation of the test substance reached a mean of 8.3% after 28 d based on ThOD. Additionally, the test substance was not considered to have significant inhibitory effects on the secondary effluent microorganisms at the applied concentration level of 2.6 mg/L because degradation was >25 % within 14 d. Under the test conditions, the test substance was not considered to be readily biodegradable (Sipos, 2017).
Reference
Description of key information
The test substance is not readily biodegradable.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
A study was conducted to determine the ready biodegradability of the test substance PBBA according to OECD Guideline 301 D, EU Method C.4 -E and EPA Guideline OPPTS 835.3110, in compliance with GLP. The test substance at 2.6 mg/L was inoculated for 28 d in a pre-aerated microbial system collected from a domestic sewage plant. Biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference substance, sodium benzoate (at 3.6 mg/L) was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test substance. Additionally, toxicity and inoculum controls were used. Sodium benzoate was degraded up to 70.8% after 14 d, based on ThOD, thus confirming the suitability of the used inoculum. In the toxicity control containing both the test substance and sodium benzoate, a mean of 37.1% biodegradation was observed within 14 d of incubation. Under the test conditions, the percentage biodegradation of the test substance reached a mean of 8.3% after 28 d based on ThOD. Additionally, the test substance was not considered to have significant inhibitory effects on the secondary effluent microorganisms at the applied concentration level of 2.6 mg/L because degradation was >25% within 14 d. Under the test conditions, the test substance was not considered to be readily biodegradable (Sipos, 2017).
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