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EC number: 202-261-8 | CAS number: 93-60-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Methyl nicotinate. The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with S9 metabolic activation system. Methyl nicotinate was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- (Q)SAR
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 and the supporting QMRF report has been attached
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Refer below principle
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Prediction is done using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 and the supporting QMRF report has been attached
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of the test material: Methyl nicotinate
- IUPAC name: Methyl nicotinate
- Molecular formula: C7H7NO2
- Molecular Weight: 137.137 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Smiles: c1(C(OC)=O)cccnc1 - Target gene:
- Histidne
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
- Not applicable
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Cytokinesis block (if used):
- No data
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 metabolic activation system
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- No data
- Vehicle / solvent:
- No data
- Untreated negative controls:
- not specified
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- not specified
- True negative controls:
- not specified
- Positive controls:
- not specified
- Positive control substance:
- not specified
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- No data
- Rationale for test conditions:
- No data
- Evaluation criteria:
- The prediction was done considering a dose dependent increase in the number of revertants/plate
- Statistics:
- No data
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium, other: TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102
- Metabolic activation:
- with
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- not specified
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not specified
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- not specified
- Additional information on results:
- No data
- Conclusions:
- Methyl nicotinate was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
- Executive summary:
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Methyl nicotinate. The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with S9 metabolic activation system. Methyl nicotinate was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Based on the predicted result it can be concluded that the substance is considered to not toxic as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Reference
The
prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following
descriptors: "Gene mutation"
Estimation method: Takes highest mode value from the 7 nearest neighbours
Domain logical expression:Result: In Domain
(((((((((((((("a"
or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" )
and ("f"
and (
not "g")
)
)
and ("h"
and (
not "i")
)
)
and ("j"
and (
not "k")
)
)
and "l" )
and ("m"
and (
not "n")
)
)
and ("o"
and (
not "p")
)
)
and ("q"
and (
not "r")
)
)
and "s" )
and "t" )
and "u" )
and ("v"
and (
not "w")
)
)
and ("x"
and (
not "y")
)
)
and ("z"
and "aa" )
)
Domain
logical expression index: "a"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Esters (Acute toxicity) by
US-EPA New Chemical Categories
Domain
logical expression index: "b"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Aryl AND Carboxylic acid ester
AND Pyridine by Organic Functional groups
Domain
logical expression index: "c"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Aryl AND Carboxylic acid ester
AND Overlapping groups AND Pyridine by Organic Functional groups (nested)
Domain
logical expression index: "d"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Aliphatic Carbon [CH] AND
Aliphatic Carbon [-CH2-] AND Aliphatic Carbon [-CH3] AND Aromatic Carbon
[C] AND Aromatic Nitrogen AND Carbonyl, olefinic attach [-C(=O)-] AND
Carbonyl, one aromatic attach [-C(=O)-] AND Ester, aliphatic attach
[-C(=O)O] AND Miscellaneous sulfide (=S) or oxide (=O) AND Olefinic
carbon [=CH- or =C<] AND Pyridine, non fused rings by Organic
functional groups (US EPA)
Domain
logical expression index: "e"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Aromatic compound AND Carbonic
acid derivative by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol)
Domain
logical expression index: "f"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by
OASIS v.1.3
Domain
logical expression index: "g"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael-type
addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Flavonoids OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Quinoneimines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition, quinoid
structures >> Quinones OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate
formation OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation >>
Hydroxamic Acids OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation >>
N-Hydroxylamines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on alpha,
beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on
alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds >> Four- and Five-Membered
Lactones OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation
>> Polarized Haloalkene Derivatives OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation by
aldehyde formed after metabolic activation OR AN2 >> Schiff base
formation by aldehyde formed after metabolic activation >> Geminal
Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde
release OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release >>
Specific Acetate Esters OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes OR
AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane
Derivatives OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation for aldehydes >> Haloalkane
Derivatives with Labile Halogen OR AN2 >> Thioacylation via nucleophilic
addition after cysteine-mediated thioketene formation OR AN2 >>
Thioacylation via nucleophilic addition after cysteine-mediated
thioketene formation >> Haloalkenes with Electron-Withdrawing Groups OR
AN2 >> Thioacylation via nucleophilic addition after cysteine-mediated
thioketene formation >> Polarized Haloalkene Derivatives OR Michael
addition OR Michael addition >> Quinone type compounds OR Michael
addition >> Quinone type compounds >> Quinone methides OR Non-covalent
interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR
Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone,
Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Aminoacridine DNA Intercalators OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Coumarins OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide
Side Chain OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >>
Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA
intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Non-covalent
interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Quinones OR Non-specific OR
Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy
with nucleoside bases OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA,
due to structural analogy with nucleoside bases >> Specific Imine
and Thione Derivatives OR Radical OR Radical >> Generation of reactive
oxygen species OR Radical >> Generation of reactive oxygen species >>
Thiols OR Radical >> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion
(indirect) OR Radical >> Generation of ROS by glutathione depletion
(indirect) >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism by ROS formation OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS
formation (indirect) or direct radical attack on DNA OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism by ROS formation (indirect) or direct radical attack
on DNA >> Organic Peroxy Compounds OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by
ROS formation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine
Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation >>
Polynitroarenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect)
>> Anthrones OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) >> C-Nitroso Compounds OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via
ROS formation (indirect) >> Conjugated Nitro Compounds OR Radical >>
Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Coumarins OR Radical
>> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Flavonoids OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring
Nitroaromatics OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane
Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect)
>> Hydrazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS
formation (indirect) >> N-Hydroxylamines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism
via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitro Azoarenes OR Radical >> Radical
mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroaniline Derivatives OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes
with Other Active Groups OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS
formation (indirect) >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and
Nitrobenzoic Acids OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation
(indirect) >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR Radical >> Radical mechanism
via ROS formation (indirect) >> p-Substituted Mononitrobenzenes OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Quinones OR
Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Single-Ring
Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via
ROS formation (indirect) >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR
Radical >> ROS formation after GSH depletion OR Radical >> ROS formation
after GSH depletion (indirect) OR Radical >> ROS formation after GSH
depletion (indirect) >> Quinoneimines OR Radical >> ROS formation after
GSH depletion >> Quinone methides OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after
metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after
metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic
Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium
ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion
formation >> Acyclic Triazenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after
carbenium ion formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after carbenium ion formation >> Pyrrolizidine Derivatives OR SN1
>> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> Specific Acetate
Esters OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion
formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion
formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary
Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium
ion formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after
metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >>
Single-Ring Substituted Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after nitrenium and/or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium and/or carbenium ion formation >>
N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and
nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction
and nitrenium ion formation >> Conjugated Nitro Compounds OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >>
Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction
and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitro Azoarenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroaniline
Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium
ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >>
Nitrobiphenyls and Bridged Nitrobiphenyls OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack
after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl
Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after
reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Polynitroarenes OR SN1 >>
Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >>
p-Substituted Mononitrobenzenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution
after glutathione-induced nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic
substitution after glutathione-induced nitrenium ion formation >>
C-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium
ions OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions >> Specific
Imine and Thione Derivatives OR SN1 >> SN1 reaction at nitrogen-atom
bound to a good leaving group or on nitrenium ion OR SN1 >> SN1
reaction at nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or on nitrenium
ion >> N-Acyloxy(Alkoxy) Arenamides OR SN1 >> SN1 reaction at
nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or on nitrenium ion >>
N-Aryl-N-Acetoxy(Benzoyloxy) Acetamides OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Acylation OR
SN2 >> Acylation >> Hydroxamic Acids OR SN2 >> Acylation >> Specific
Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group OR SN2 >>
Acylation involving a leaving group >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane
Derivatives OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving group >> Haloalkane
Derivatives with Labile Halogen OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving
group after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Acylation involving a leaving
group after metabolic activation >> Geminal Polyhaloalkane Derivatives
OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related OR SN2 >>
Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related >> Epoxides and
Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related
after cyclization OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and
related after cyclization >> Nitrogen Mustards OR SN2 >> Alkylation,
direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic
activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related
after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Haloalkenes with
Electron-Withdrawing Groups OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides
and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic
Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN2 >> Alkylation, nucleophilic
substitution at sp3-carbon atom OR SN2 >> Alkylation, nucleophilic
substitution at sp3-carbon atom >> Haloalkane Derivatives with Labile
Halogen OR SN2 >> Alkylation, ring opening SN2 reaction OR SN2 >>
Alkylation, ring opening SN2 reaction >> Four- and Five-Membered
Lactones OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic
activation OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic
activation >> Coumarins OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after
metabolic activation >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct acylation
involving a leaving group OR SN2 >> Direct acylation involving a leaving
group >> Acyl Halides OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation OR SN2 >> DNA alkylation
>> Alkylphosphates, Alkylthiophosphates and Alkylphosphonates OR SN2 >>
DNA alkylation >> Vicinal Dihaloalkanes OR SN2 >> Internal SN2 reaction
with aziridinium and/or cyclic sulfonium ion formation (enzymatic) OR
SN2 >> Internal SN2 reaction with aziridinium and/or cyclic sulfonium
ion formation (enzymatic) >> Vicinal Dihaloalkanes OR SN2 >>
Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic
substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Haloalkanes Containing Heteroatom OR
SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Specific Acetate
Esters OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom after
thiol (glutathione) conjugation OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at
sp3 carbon atom after thiol (glutathione) conjugation >> Geminal
Polyhaloalkane Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR
SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2
>> SN2 at Nitrogen Atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at Nitrogen Atom >>
N-acetoxyamines OR SN2 >> SN2 at sp3 and activated sp2 carbon atom OR
SN2 >> SN2 at sp3 and activated sp2 carbon atom >> Polarized Haloalkene
Derivatives OR SN2 >> SN2 at sulfur atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at sulfur atom >>
Sulfonyl Halides OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2
OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 >> Nitroarenes
with Other Active Groups OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at nitrogen-atom bound
to a good leaving group OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at nitrogen-atom bound to
a good leaving group >> N-Acetoxyamines OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at
nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or nitrenium ion OR SN2 >>
SN2 reaction at nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or nitrenium
ion >> N-Acyloxy(Alkoxy) Arenamides OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at
nitrogen-atom bound to a good leaving group or nitrenium ion >>
N-Aryl-N-Acetoxy(Benzoyloxy) Acetamides by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3
Domain
logical expression index: "h"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by
OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "i"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >>
Isocyanates and Isothiocyanates OR Acylation >> Isocyanates and
Isothiocyanates >> Isothiocyanates OR Acylation >> P450 Mediated
Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates OR Acylation >> P450
Mediated Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates >>
Benzylamines-Acylation OR Acylation >> P450 Mediated Activation to
Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates >> Formamides OR Acylation >> P450
Mediated Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates >> Sulfonylureas
OR Michael addition OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of
Heterocyclic Ring Systems OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated
Activation of Heterocyclic Ring Systems >> Furans OR Michael addition >>
P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic Ring Systems >>
Thiophenes-Michael addition OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated
Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >>
P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >>
5-alkoxyindoles OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to
Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Alkyl phenols OR Michael addition
>> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >>
Arenes OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and
Quinone-type Chemicals >> Hydroquinones OR Michael addition >> P450
Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >>
Methylenedioxyphenyl OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael
addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >>
Alpha, beta- unsaturated aldehydes OR Michael addition >> Polarised
Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated amides OR Michael
addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta-
unsaturated esters OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael
addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated ketones OR Michael addition >>
Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >> Quinones and
Quinone-type Chemicals >> Quinones OR Schiff base formers OR Schiff base
formers >> Chemicals Activated by P450 to Glyoxal OR Schiff base
formers >> Chemicals Activated by P450 to Glyoxal >> Ethanolamines
(including morpholine) OR Schiff base formers >> Chemicals Activated by
P450 to Glyoxal >> Ethylenediamines (including piperazine) OR Schiff
base formers >> Chemicals Activated by P450 to Mono-aldehydes OR Schiff
base formers >> Chemicals Activated by P450 to Mono-aldehydes >>
Thiazoles OR Schiff base formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers OR
Schiff base formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> Mono
aldehydes OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Carbenium Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Carbenium
Ion Formation >> Allyl benzenes OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation OR SN1
>> Iminium Ion Formation >> Aliphatic tertiary amines OR SN1 >>
Nitrenium Ion formation OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic
azo OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic nitro OR SN1 >>
Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic phenylureas OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation >> Primary (unsaturated) heterocyclic amine OR SN1 >>
Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium
Ion formation >> Secondary (unsaturated) heterocyclic amine OR SN1 >>
Nitrenium Ion formation >> Secondary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium
Ion formation >> Tertiary (unsaturated) heterocyclic amine OR SN1 >>
Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium
Ion formation >> Unsaturated heterocyclic azo OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation >> Unsaturated heterocyclic nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion
formation >> Unsaturated heterocyclic phenylureas OR SN2 OR SN2 >> P450
Mediated Epoxidation OR SN2 >> P450 Mediated Epoxidation >>
Thiophenes-SN2 OR SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an
sp3 Carbon atom >> Aliphatic halides by DNA binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "j"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein
binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "k"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> Direct
Acylation Involving a Leaving group OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation
Involving a Leaving group >> Acetates OR Acylation >> Direct Acylation
Involving a Leaving group >> Anhydrides OR Michael addition OR Michael
addition >> Acid imides OR Michael addition >> Acid imides >> Acid
imides-MA OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes OR Michael addition
>> Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - cyano OR Michael addition >>
Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - esters OR Michael addition >>
Polarised Alkenes >> Polarised alkene - ketones OR Michael addition >>
Polarised Alkynes OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkynes >> Polarised
alkyne - ester OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type
Chemicals OR Michael addition >> Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >>
Pyranones (and related nitrogen chemicals) OR Schiff Base Formers OR
Schiff Base Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers OR Schiff Base
Formers >> Direct Acting Schiff Base Formers >> Mono-carbonyls OR SN2 OR
SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3
carbon atom >> Allyl acetates and related chemicals OR SN2 >> SN2
reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> alpha-Halocarbonyls OR SNAr OR SNAr >>
Nucleophilic aromatic substitution OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic
substitution >> Activated halo-benzenes OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic
substitution >> Activated halo-pyridines OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic
aromatic substitution >> Halo-pyrimidines by Protein binding by OECD
Domain
logical expression index: "l"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule
Oasis ONLY
Domain
logical expression index: "m"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Non-Metals by Groups of elements
Domain
logical expression index: "n"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Alkali Earth OR Halogens OR
Metals OR Transition Metals OR Unknown chemical element by Groups of
elements
Domain
logical expression index: "o"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 15
- Nitrogen N AND Group 16 - Oxygen O by Chemical elements
Domain
logical expression index: "p"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Group 15 - Phosphorus P OR Group
16 - Sulfur S by Chemical elements
Domain
logical expression index: "q"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Not categorized by Repeated dose
(HESS)
Domain
logical expression index: "r"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as 3-Methylcholantrene
(Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR Amineptine (Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR
Hydrazines (Hepatotoxicity) Rank C OR Oxyphenistain (Hepatotoxicity)
Alert OR Phthalate esters (Testicular toxicity) Rank C OR Pirprofen
(Hepatotoxicity) Alert OR Valproic acid (Hepatotoxicity) Alert by
Repeated dose (HESS)
Domain
logical expression index: "s"
Similarity
boundary:Target:
COC(=O)c1cccnc1
Threshold=30%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization
Domain
logical expression index: "t"
Similarity
boundary:Target:
COC(=O)c1cccnc1
Threshold=10%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization
Domain
logical expression index: "u"
Similarity
boundary:Target:
COC(=O)c1cccnc1
Threshold=40%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization
Domain
logical expression index: "v"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein
binding alerts for skin sensitization by OASIS v1.3
Domain
logical expression index: "w"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> Direct
acylation involving a leaving group OR Acylation >> Direct acylation
involving a leaving group >> Carbamates OR Nucleophilic addition OR
Nucleophilic addition >> Addition to carbon-hetero double bonds OR
Nucleophilic addition >> Addition to carbon-hetero double bonds >>
Ketones OR Schiff base formation OR Schiff base formation >> Schiff base
formation with carbonyl compounds OR Schiff base formation >> Schiff
base formation with carbonyl compounds >> alpha-Ketoesters by Protein
binding alerts for skin sensitization by OASIS v1.3
Domain
logical expression index: "x"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein
binding alerts for Chromosomal aberration by OASIS v1.1
Domain
logical expression index: "y"
Referential
boundary: The
target chemical should be classified as Ac-SN2 OR Ac-SN2 >> Acylation
involving an activated (glucuronidated) carboxamide group OR Ac-SN2 >>
Acylation involving an activated (glucuronidated) carboxamide group >>
Carboxylic Acid Amines OR Ac-SN2 >> Direct acylation involving a leaving
group OR Ac-SN2 >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group >>
Carboxylic Acid Amines OR AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid
structures OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures >>
Carboxylic Acid Amines by Protein binding alerts for Chromosomal
aberration by OASIS v1.1
Domain
logical expression index: "z"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 0.109
Domain
logical expression index: "aa"
Parametric
boundary:The
target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 0.951
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Genetic toxicity in vivo
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Gene mutation in vitro:
Prediction model based estimation and data from read across chemicals was reviewed to determine the mutagenic nature of methyl nicotinate. The studies are as mentioned below:
Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, gene mutation was predicted for Methyl nicotinate (CAS no 93 -60 -7). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 with and without S9 metabolic activation system. Methyl nicotinate was predicted to not induce gene mutation in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100 and TA 102 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence, according to the prediction made, is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Gene mutation toxicity was predicted for methyl nicotinate (CAS no 93 -60 -7) using the battery approach from Danish QSAR database (2017). The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium bacteria in the Ames test. The end point for gene mutation has been modeled in the Danish QSAR using the three software systems Leadscope, CASE Ultra and SciQSAR. Based on predictions from these three systems, a fourth and overall battery prediction is made. The battery prediction is made using the so called Battery algorithm. With the battery approach it is in many cases possible to reduce “noise” from the individual model estimates and thereby improve accuracy and/or broaden the applicability domain. Methyl nicotinate was assumed to not induce mutation in Salmonella typhimurium by the Ames assay performed and hence the chemical is predicted to not classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
In another study for two structurally and functioctionally similar read across chemical, Seifried et al (Chem. Res. Toxicol., 2006) performed Ames mutagenicity test for urocanic acid (RA CAS no 104 -98 -3. IUPAC name: 3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)acrylic acid) and 2- Benzooxazolinone (RA CAS no 59 -49 -4; IUPAC name: 1,3-benzoxazol-2(3H)-one) to evaluate their genetoxic effects when exposed to Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538 with dose concentration of 100-10000 µg/plate for urocanic acid and of 33 -10000 µg/plate for 2 -benzooxazolinone in plate incorporation assay. Based on the preliminary study conducted, the test compound was used at a five dose level. The plates were incubated for 48 h at 37±2 °C. Five doses of test chemical, together with the appropriate concurrent solvent and positive controls, were tested in triplicate on each tester strain without metabolic activation and also with activation by induced rat and hamster liver S9 preparations. For a test article to be considered positive, it had to induce at least a doubling (TA98, TA100, and TA1535) in the mean number of revertants per plate of at least one tester strain. This increase in the mean revertants per plate had to be accompanied by a dose response to increasing concentrations of the test chemical. Urocanic acid and 2 -Benzooxazolinone did not induce gene mutation in the Salmonella typhirium strains TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538 both in the presence and absence of S9 activation system and hence the chemical is not likely to be a gene mutant.
Gene mutation toxicity study was also performed for other structurally and fuctionally similar read across chemical Picolinic acid (RA CAS no 98 -98 -6; IUPAC name: pyridine-2-carboxylic acid ) using Chinese hamster ovary cells. Aqueous solution of the test chemical at dose levels of 0.0, 0.75, 1.50, 2.25 or 3.00 mM was exposed to 3 X 105Chinese hamster ovary AA8 cells for 48 hrs. 1×106cells were re-seeded in 100mM dishes and that amount was re-seeded every 2 days until day 10 post-treatment. This was followed by seeding of 2.5 X 105cells in quadruplicate in 100mM dishes and incubated with 11g/ml of 6-thioguanine (6-TG) for 7–8 days for mutant selection. The plating efficiency was 86±9%. The doubling time for untreated cells was 13 h. Data are expressed as mutants per 106 surviving cells, calculated from the observed 6-TG-resistant colonies and the 10-day clonogenic values. The experiment was repeated for 5-9 times. Cell survival was determined by colony-forming ability. 2 days after chemical exposure, cells were trypsinized, quantified on a Z1 Coulter Particle Counter and re-seeded at 200 cells per 60mM dish in quadruplicate. After 7–8 days, the dishes were stained with crystal violet and the colony number was counted. Cell survival was calculated as per cent colonies in treated dishes relative to untreated controls. Colony forming ability was determined again after 8 days expression time.For the 3mM Pic dose, the 48 h cell count was lowered to 27%, and cell survival by colony formation was only 6%. CHO cells treated with Pic for 48 h produced a low yet statistically insignificant level of mutations for doses of 0.375–1.5mM and hence the chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Based on the weight of evidence data summarized for the target chemical and its read across chemicals, Methyl nicotinate does not exhibit gene mutation in vitro. Hence, the chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
Justification for classification or non-classification
Based on the weight of evidence data summarized for the target chemical and its read across chemicals, Methyl nicotinate (CAS no 93 -60 -7) does not exhibit gene mutation in vitro. Hence, the chemical is not likely to classify as a gene mutant as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.
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