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EC number: 204-185-0 | CAS number: 117-34-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Data is from peer reviewed journal
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from peer reviewed journal
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: as mentioned below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Biodegradation study was conducted for 30 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance Diphenylacetic acid.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Diphenylacetic acid
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): C14H12O2
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): 212.247 g/mol
- Smiles notation (if other than submission substance): C(c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)C(O)=O
- InChI: 1S/C14H12O2/c15-14(16)13(11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10,13H,(H,15,16)
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: solid - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: Bacteria
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 30 d
- Initial conc.:
- 2 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Test temperature: 25ᵒC
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: BOD bottles
- Measuring equipment: Oxygen analyzer
- Other: The bottles were filled with the air saturated salt solution and closed with the help of a glass stoppers.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: Bottles containing O2 saturated water inoculated with soil (as a source of microbial inoculum) but no carbon source were also included in the study to account for the O2 depletion resulting from microbial oxidation of organic matter and ammonium.
- Toxicity control: Test compound was also tested in combination with glucose (both at a conc. of 2 mg of carbon per bottle) to test whether the possible lack of biodegradation was a result of toxicity of the test chemical. - Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Sampling time:
- 30 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: Within the test duration period of 30 days, the O2 consumption of test chemical was determined to be approx. 0.001 mg/l, respectively. Percentage degradation of the test chemical was not known.
- Details on results:
- Test chemical diphenyl acetic acid was not found to be decomposed appreciable in BOD bottles, indicating that the chemical is not readily biodegradable.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Test chemical diphenyl acetic acid was not found to be decomposed appreciable in BOD bottles, indicating that the chemical is not readily biodegradable in water.
- Executive summary:
Biodegradation study was conducted for 30 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance Diphenylacetic acid. Bacteria was used as an inoculum.Microbial inoculum was isolated from Hudson Collamer silt loam. The test was performed under aerobic conditions at a temperature of 25ᵒC, respectively.The chemicals were introduced into the BOD bottles as sole carbon sources at a concentration of 2 mg of carbonper bottle. The compounds were added in acetone solutions,and the acetone was evaporated prior to the additionof 02 -saturated water. Each bottle received 5 mgof Hudson Collamer silt loam as a source of the microbial inoculum. The bottles were filled with the air-saturated salts solution and closed with glass stoppers. Bottles containing O2 saturated water inoculated with soil (as a source of microbial inoculum) but no carbon source were also included in the study to account for the O2 depletion resulting from microbial oxidation of organic matter and ammonium. Test compound was also tested in combination with glucose (both at a conc. of 2 mg of carbon per bottle) to test whether the possible lack of biodegradation was a result of toxicity of the test chemical. DissolvedO2in the bottles was measured at regular intervals using a Yellow Spring Instrument Co. oxygen analyzer, Model 53.The instrument was calibrated with the salts solution, the O2 content of which was determined by the Alsterberg modification of the Winkler method. At regular intervals, the dissolved O2 in the samples was measured after calibrating the instrument with a BOD bottle containing inoculated 02 -saturated water supplemented with 0.1% KCN. The solutions in bottles showing O2 depletion were used to obtain microorganisms capable of utilizing the substrate. Test chemical diphenyl acetic acid was not found to be decomposed appreciable in BOD bottles, indicating that the chemical is not readily biodegradable in nature.
Reference
Description of key information
Biodegradation study was conducted for 30 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance Diphenylacetic acid (by R. V. Subba-Rao and Martin Alexander, 1977). Bacteria was used as an inoculum.Microbial inoculum was isolated from Hudson Collamer silt loam. The test was performed under aerobic conditions at a temperature of 25ᵒC, respectively.The chemicals were introduced into the BOD bottles as sole carbon sources at a concentration of 2 mg of carbonper bottle. The compounds were added in acetone solutions,and the acetone was evaporated prior to the additionof 02 -saturated water. Each bottle received 5 mgof Hudson Collamer silt loamasa source of the microbial inoculum. The bottles were filled with the air-saturated salts solution and closed with glass stoppers. Bottles containing O2 saturated water inoculated with soil (as a source of microbial inoculum) but no carbon source were also included in the study to account for the O2 depletion resulting from microbial oxidation of organic matter and ammonium. Test compound was also tested in combination with glucose (both at a conc. of 2 mg of carbon per bottle) to test whether the possible lack of biodegradation was a result of toxicity of the test chemical. DissolvedO2in the bottles was measured at regular intervals using a Yellow Spring Instrument Co. oxygen analyzer, Model 53.The instrument was calibrated with the salts solution, the O2 content of which was determined by the Alsterberg modification of the Winkler method. At regular intervals, the dissolved O2 in the samples was measured after calibrating the instrument with a BOD bottle containing inoculated 02 -saturated water supplemented with 0.1% KCN. The solutions in bottles showing O2 depletion were used to obtain microorganisms capable of utilizing the substrate. Test chemical diphenyl acetic acid was not found to be decomposed appreciable in BOD bottles, indicating that the chemical is not readily biodegradable in nature.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Additional information
1 experimental key study and 2 supporting predicted data for the target compound Diphenylacetic acid (CAS no. 117-34-0) alongwith the total 2 supporting studies (from authoritative database) for its closest structurally similar read across substance with logKow as the primary descriptor were reviewed for the biodegradation end point which are summarized as below:
In a key study frompeer reviewed journal(by R. V. Subba-Rao and Martin Alexander, 1977) for target chemicalDiphenylacetic acid(CAS no. 117-34-0), biodegradation experiment was conducted for 30 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of test substance Diphenylacetic acid. Bacteria was used as an inoculum. Microbial inoculum was isolated from Hudson Collamer silt loam. The test was performed under aerobic conditions at a temperature of 25ᵒC, respectively. The chemicals were introduced into the BOD bottles as sole carbon sources at a concentration of 2 mg of carbon per bottle. The compounds were added in acetone solutions, and the acetone was evaporated prior to the addition of 02 -saturated water. Each bottle received 5 mg of Hudson Collamer silt loam as a source of the microbial inoculum. The bottles were filled with the air-saturated salts solution and closed with glass stoppers. Bottles containing O2 saturated water inoculated with soil (as a source of microbial inoculum) but no carbon source were also included in the study to account for the O2 depletion resulting from microbial oxidation of organic matter and ammonium. Test compound was also tested in combination with glucose (both at a conc. of 2 mg of carbon per bottle) to test whether the possible lack of biodegradation was a result of toxicity of the test chemical. DissolvedO2in the bottles was measured at regular intervals using a Yellow Spring Instrument Co. oxygen analyzer, Model 53.The instrument was calibrated with the salts solution, the O2 content of which was determined by the Alsterberg modification of the Winkler method. At regular intervals, the dissolved O2 in the samples was measured after calibrating the instrument with a BOD bottle containing inoculated 02 -saturated water supplemented with 0.1% KCN. The solutions in bottles showing O2 depletion were used to obtain microorganisms capable of utilizing the substrate. Test chemical diphenyl acetic acid was not found to be decomposed appreciable in BOD bottles, indicating that the chemical is not readily biodegradable in nature.
In a predicted data done by using QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logKow as the primary descriptor (2017), percentage biodegradability of test chemicalDiphenylacetic acid(CAS no. 117-34-0)was estimated. Test substance undergoes 45.11% degradation by CO2 evolution parameter in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, the test chemical Diphenylacetic acid was estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.
In another prediction done by using the Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017), the biodegradation potential of the test compoundDiphenylacetic acid(CAS no. 117-34-0) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms was estimated. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI LInear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that Diphenylacetic acid is expected to be not readily biodegradable.
Another supporting study of biodegradation was conducted for 24 hrs for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance L-Tyrptophan (CAS no. 73 -22 -3) (HSDB, 2016). The study was performed in a Warburg respirometer for a period of 24 hrs. Initial substance concentration used for the study was 500 mg/l and activated sludge was used as a test inoculum. The percentage degradation of read across substance was determined to be 0.6, 1.4 and 4.6% by BOD parameter in 6, 12 and 24 hrs, respectively. Thus, based on percentage degradation, L-Tyrptophan is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.
In an additional supporting dataof read across4-tert-Butylbenzoic acid (CAS no. 98 -73 -7) from authoritative database (J-CHECK, 2016), biodegradation experiment was carried out for 28 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance 4-tert-Butylbenzoic acid. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The test substance formed Pivalic acid at the point showing the degradation tendency in (Sludge + Test Substance) system. Percentage degradation of test substance was determined to be 4 and 13% by BOD and HPLC parameter in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, 4 -tert-Butylbenzoic acid is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.
On the basis of above results for target chemicalDiphenylacetic acid(from peer reviewed journal, OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 and EPI Suite) and for its read across substance (from authoritative database HSDB and J-CHECK), it can be concluded that the test substanceDiphenylacetic acidcan be expected to be not readily biodegradable in nature.
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