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EC number: 283-518-1 | CAS number: 84650-59-9 Extractives and their physically modified derivatives such as tinctures, concretes, absolutes, essential oils, oleoresins, terpenes, terpene-free fractions, distillates, residues, etc., obtained from Illicium verum, Illiciaceae.
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2019
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- OECD Guideline 201 (2011)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- (E)-anethole
- EC Number:
- 224-052-0
- EC Name:
- (E)-anethole
- Cas Number:
- 4180-23-8
- Molecular formula:
- C10H12O
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-methoxy-4-prop-1-en-1-ylbenzene
- Reference substance name:
- 4-allylanisole
- EC Number:
- 205-427-8
- EC Name:
- 4-allylanisole
- Cas Number:
- 140-67-0
- Molecular formula:
- C10H12O
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-allyl-4-methoxybenzene
- Reference substance name:
- Caryophyllene
- EC Number:
- 201-746-1
- EC Name:
- Caryophyllene
- Cas Number:
- 87-44-5
- Molecular formula:
- C15H24
- IUPAC Name:
- 4,11,11-trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec-4-ene
- Reference substance name:
- 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- EC Number:
- 241-702-9
- EC Name:
- 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- Cas Number:
- 17699-05-7
- Molecular formula:
- C15H24
- IUPAC Name:
- 2,6-dimethyl-6-(4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl)bicyclo[3.1.1]hept-2-ene
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
1
Constituent 3
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- The samples were dissolved with OECD medium resulting in a concentration of 100 mg.L1 and a series of dilutions was prepared in order to obtain the desired tested concentrations. Aliquots were filtered and used for GC-MS analysis.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Green algae
- Strain: SAG 61.81
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): The test system was obtained from Culture Collection of Algae at Goettingen University - SAG 61.81 on October, 08th, 2013. A stock algal culture is continuously maintained at the test facility
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): 3 days growth
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 22.1 to 22.3 °C
- pH:
- 7.9 - 8.2
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: control, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2, 10 and 32 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass beaker plugged with gas permeable silicone sponge caps, 100 mL fill volume
- Initial cells density: 0.5E+04 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 68E+05
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
- Light intensity and quality: average 6.258 lux, continuous light.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: a Neubawer chamber and a microscope - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.91 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: yield
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 6.18 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.32 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- The 72-hours EyC50 value of test substance Star Anise Oil (Illicium verum), obtained in this study with Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, was 0.91 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 0.77 to 1.07 mg.L-1) and the 72-hours ErC50 value was 6.18 mg.L-1 (95% confidence limits = 5.39 to 7.07 mg.L-1). The highest concentration of the test substance in which was not observed any statistically significant adverse effect on algal growth (NOEC) over the test period (72 hours) was 0.1 mg.L-1 and the lowest test substance concentration at which was observed significant reducing effect on growth (LOEC) was 0.32 mg.L-1.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? yes
- EC50: 0.65 mg/L (based on yield) (confidence limits at 95% = 0.59 to 0.71 mg.L-1)
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 72-hours EyC50 value for alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata exposed to Star Anise Oil (Illicium verum) was 0.91 mg.L-1 and the 72-hours ErC50 value was 6.18 mg.L-1. The highest test substance concentration with no observed significant adverse effect (NOEC) on algal growth was 0.1 mg.L-1 and the lowest test substance concentration at which was observed significant reducing effect on growth (LOEC) was 0.32 mg.L-1.
- Executive summary:
The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of Star Anise Oil (Illicium verum) on algaPseudokirchneriella subcapitata. A range-finding test was conducted to find the concentrations that cause algae growth inhibition. Based on the results of the range-finding test, a definitive test was carried out with the following concentrations of test substance: 0 (control); 0.1; 0.32; 1; 3.2 and 10 mg.L-1. The test was incubated during 72 hours inside chambers with controlled conditions of luminosity, temperature, and agitation. The 72-hours EyC50value was 0.91 mg.L-1and the 72-hours ErC50value was 6.18 mg.L-1. The highest test substance concentration which no observed significant adverse effect (NOEC) on algal growth was 0.1 mg.L-1and the lowest test substance concentration at which was observed significant reducing effect on growth (LOEC) was 0.32 mg.L-1.
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