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EC number: 237-401-7 | CAS number: 13772-29-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Two literature studies on accumulation of Zr are available.
Garnham et al. (1993) investigated the accumulation of zirconium by microalgae and cyanobacteria. They incubated the different microalgae and cyanobacteria for up to 4 h in the light and the dark and in the presence of metabolic inhibitors. The "uptake" was completed after 5 min and no further uptake was shown after 4 h. Nevertheless, since also the "uptake" values weren`t different in the tests using the metabolic inhibitor it can be stated that the accumulation was due to a single phase of metabolism independent "biosorption" with no apparent intracellular uptake being observed. Therefore, no bioaccumulation occurred and the uptake values are rather worst-case adsorption values. Furthermore, a desorption experiment has been conducted showing a fast removal of Zr from the microalgae and cyanobacteria giving another indication for adsorption instead of accumulation.
Additionally, ECHA Guidance on Information Requirements and Chemical Safety Assessment Chapter R.7c: Endpoint specific guidance states "Data on apparent accumulation in small organisms, such as unicellular algae, Daphnia and micro-organisms, can be confounded by adsorption to cell or body surfaces leading to higher estimates of bioconcentration than is in fact the case (e.g. cationic substances may adsorb to negatively charged algal cells). Adsorption may also result in apparent deviation from first order kinetics and may be significant for small organisms because of their considerably larger surface/volume ratio compared with that for larger organisms." and "BCF values determined for other invertebrates (e.g. algae) should not be used, since they are prone to high uncertainty". Nevertheless, the found values are low and since they represent worst-case values a bioaccumulation of Zr is not expected.
Additionally, Ferrand et al. (2006) investigated the phytoavailability of zirconium in relation to its initial added form and soil characteristics. In this study, transfer of Zr from soil to tomato and pea plants was studied during a 7-day exposure period in two soils (an acidic and a calcareous soil) spiked with either a soluble (ZrOCl2 or Zr acetate) or an insoluble Zr compound (Zr(OH)4). Zr adsorbed and accumulated mainly in the roots, with Zr adsorption to the root surface being of minor relevance. Translocation to aerial parts was limited. TF (translocation factor) values for roots were the highest for Zr acetate and the lowest for Zr(OH)4. They were all <= 0.1. TF (translocation factor) values for aerial parts were all <= 0.005 and were also generally the highest for Zr acetate and the lowest for Zr(OH)4. The added Zr form highly influences its absorption. The ZrOCl2 form is the most available form and is strongly absorbed by pea plants. Nevertheless, the TF values (can be compared to a BSAF value) are at least below 0.1 showing a minor transfer from the soil into the plant. Additionally, since Zirconium bis(hydrogenphospahate) Zr(HPO4)2 has a very low solubility and, therefore, a very low availability, the test results out of this study can be used as a worst-case consideration and show that a bioaccumulation and a transfer in organisms is assumed to be low.
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