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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 200-279-0 | CAS number: 56-54-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comprehension of case reports.
Cross-reference
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The value of corneal peeling or corneal resection in ophthalmology.
- Author:
- Kilgore, G. L.
- Year:
- 1 946
- Bibliographic source:
- Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 44:100-112
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Case report
- Endpoint addressed:
- eye irritation
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The use of quinine bisulphate ointment, 2 %, for several years as a clarifier of corneal opacities is described in two case reports.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- IUPAC Name:
- Automatically generated during migration to IUCLID 6, no data available
- Test material form:
- not specified
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): quinine bisulphate
Constituent 1
Method
- Ethical approval:
- not applicable
- Details on study design:
- Case 1- Sex: male- Age: 33- History: Quicklime was splashed in both eyes when he was seven years of age.- Symptoms, onset and progress of the disease: Vision of right eye is 20/200, left eye 5/200- Other: A corneal resection was performed on the right eye, with removal of a horizontal band of scar tissue four mm wide and one-half mm thick from in front of the pupil. A similar horizontal band of scar tissue four mm wide and one-half mm thick was removed from the corneal surface of the left eye. Quinine bisulphate ointment (2 %) was used in each eye for a short timeCase 2- Sex: male - Age: 40- History: Patient had a gonococcal infection of each eye with ulceration of the cornea of each eye and loss of left globe from panophthalmitis. - Other: A corneal peeling operation was done under cocaine anaesthesia. A cross incision was made in the cornea to a depth of three-quarters mm followed by dissecting the four quadrants free and off. There was a small break in the epithelial covering near the centre of the cornea. Quinine bisulphate ointment (2%) were prescribed for use twice a day.
- Exposure assessment:
- measured
Results and discussion
- Results:
- Quinine bisulphate ointment has been used for a number of years as a clarifier of corneal opacities through its destruction of lymphocytes and leukocytes. Therefore, a 2 % quinine bisulphate ointment was used post-operative to improve the regeneration. Thus, we conclude that quinine is not irritating to eyes.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Quinine bisulphate ointment has been used for a number of years as a clarifier of corneal opacities. Therefore, in the two case reports a 2 % quinine bisulphate ointment was used post-operative to improve the regeneration. Thus, we conclude that quinine is not irritating to eyes.
- Executive summary:
Quinine bisulphate ointment has been used for a number of years as a clarifier of corneal opacities through its destruction of lymphocytes and leukocytes. Therefore, in the two case reports a 2 % quinine bisulphate ointment was used post-operative to improve the regeneration. Thus, we conclude that quinine is not irritating to eyes and quinidine which is a stereoisomer of quinine is not irritating to eyes, too.
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