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EC number: 203-470-7 | CAS number: 107-18-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian germ cell study: cytogenicity / chromosome aberration
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: other: lethal mutation (mainly chromosome damage)
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Published data, peer-reviewed and appears representative for the endpoint under evaluation. The method used followed a guideline similar to OECD 478.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Malformed foetuses and karyotype abnormalities in the offspring of cyclophosphamide and allyl alcohol-treated male rats.
- Author:
- Jenkinson, P.C., Anderson, D.
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutation Research, 229: 173-184
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 478 (Genetic Toxicology: Rodent Dominant Lethal Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- rodent dominant lethal assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Allyl alcohol
- EC Number:
- 203-470-7
- EC Name:
- Allyl alcohol
- Cas Number:
- 107-18-6
- Molecular formula:
- C3H6O
- IUPAC Name:
- prop-2-en-1-ol
- Details on test material:
- Allyl alcohol was obtained from Aldrich Chemical Company, Gillingham, Dorset.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Olac (Bicester, Oxon, UK).
- Age at study initiation: 9-11 week old
- Housing: caged (1 male rat with 2 female rats)
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Rat No.3 expanded diet (Special diet services, Witham, Essex) ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: 10 days minimum
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: oral gavage is deduced from published paper (not specifically stated)
- Vehicle:
- Saline (0.85%)
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
Allyl alcohol was diluted in saline each day immediately before use, and was administered at a dose volume of 10 ml/kg.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 15 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- 7 days a week up to week 12 and then 5 days per week
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
25 mg/kg
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Groups of 6 males (total number not known). Each male rat was caged with 2 virgin female rats in dosing weeks 2-12.
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- Cyclophosphamide (obtained from Sigma Chemicals) was given at a dose of 3.5 mg/kg for the first 4 weeks and 5.1 mg/kg subsequently, for 33 weeks. A total of 18 male rats were dosed with cyclophosphamide. Each rat from the control group was caged with 2 virgin female rats on weeks 1-11, 21 and 30.
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- - Day 20 of pregnancy: females from mating week 1-11 and 21 were killed and the uteri are examined for the total number of corpora lutea, total implants, live foetuses, dead foetuses, late deaths and early deaths.
- Foetuses were weighed and examinations were carried out to observe for any gross abnormalities. Samples of liver were also taken for chromosome preparation. Where karyotype abnormalities were seen, these were analysed. Skeletal staining and evaluation was also performed.
- After mating periods, each male underwent a gross post-mortem and haematology assessment. Control rats were post-mortemed 33 weeks after the initiation of dosing, whereas, AA-treated rats were post-mortemed after 15 weeks of dosing. - Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- Liver samples were taken from each abnormal pup and slides prepared for karyotype analysis. Skeletal staining was employed to investigate abnormal pups
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Toxicity:
- no effects
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- other: cyclophosphamide treatement produced implant deaths and foetal malformations
- Additional information on results:
- Paternal effects:
- Mean bodyweights of the allyl alcohol-treated groups were lower than that of the control groups (549 +/- 49 and 635 +/- 74 g respectively), however this difference can be explained by the different postmortem dates of the control and allyl alcohol groups.
- Allyl alcohol induced significant increases in the relative weights of the liver 3.41 +/- 0.47 vs 2.71 +/- 0.47) and spleen (0.22 +/- 0.03 vs 0.18 +/- 0.02) and non-significant increases in the relative weights of the kidneys and testes.
- Allyl alcohol did not appear to have a significant effect on red blood cell count, mean cell volume, percentage cell volume or the haemoglobin levels when compared to the control group.
- In allyl alcohol treated groups, the white cell count did not significantly differ from the controls (5.6 +/- 2.2 and 6.3 +/- 5.6 x 10^9/l respectively). However the white blood cell differential count showed that there was a significant increase in lymphocytes in parallel with significant depression in eosinophil and neutrophil counts.
- Allyl alcohol had no significant effect on the relative weights of the testes and cauda. In addition the total sperm count or sperm per microlitre of epididymal fluid were not significantly affected when compared to the control group.
Reproduction parameters:
- a total of 1669 live implants from 125 pregnancies in the control groups (13.4 live implants/litter) compared to 1371 implants from 108 litters in the allyl alcohol treated group (12.7 live implants/litter) showed no significant inter-group difference
- no significant differences in the preimplantation loss rate were seen between the allyl alcohol-treated and the control groups (11.7 +/- 6.2% and 12.8 +/- 5.4% respectively).
- The dominant lethality (post implantation loss) rates within the allyl alcohol group was similar to that of the control group.
Foetal abnormalities:
- Incidences of runted and abnormal foetuses were comparable in the control and allyl alcohol treated groups (see table 1).
- The abnormalities seen in the litters were: anasarca, exencephaly, craniofacial and skeletal abnormality. The combined incidence of gross abnormalities was not significantly different between the control and allyl alcohol treated groups.
Karyotypic analysis (see table 2):
- karyotypic abnormalities were observed in 3 of 12 scoreable slides prepared from abnormal foetuses from the allyl alcohol treated group
- no abnormal karyotype was seen in 5 control slides prepared from abnormal foetuses
no significance is attributed to these findings.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Summary of litter data (treated males).
Control | Allyl alcohol | |
Total number of pregnant females | 125 | 108 |
Total number of live implants | 1669 | 1371 |
Live implants/litter | 13.4 | 12.7 |
Total number of runts (%) | 13 (0.78) | 13 (0.95) |
Runts/litter | 0.1 | 0.12 |
Total number of gross abnormalities (%) | 0.0 (0.0) | 3 (0.22) |
Gross abnormalities/litter | 0.0 | 0.03 |
Total number of abnormal foetuses | 13 (0.78) | 16 (1.17) |
Abnormal foetuses/litter | 0.1 | 0.15 |
Table 2. Karyotype analyses
Control | Treated | |
No. of abnormal foetuses evaluated | 8 | 14 |
Slides with scorable metaphases | 5 | 12 |
Slides with no karyotypic abnormality | 5 | 9 |
Slides with karyotypic abnormality | 0 | 3 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): negative
In this experiment, allyl alcohol is negative for dominant lethality. - Executive summary:
In this dominant lethal test, male rats were exposed to allyl alcohol at concentrations of 25 mg/kg for 33 weeks. Totals of 1669 live implants from 125 pregnancies in the control groups (13.4 implants/litter) compared to 1371 implants from 108 litters in the allyl alcohol treated group (12.7 implants/litter) proved not significantly different. No significant differences in the preimplantation loss rate were seen between the allyl alcohol-treated and the control groups (11.7 +/- 6.2% and 12.8 +/- 5.4% respectively). Post implantation loss (dominant lethality) rate within the allyl alcohol group was also similar to that of the control group.
Allyl alcohol proved negative for dominant lethality.
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