Cerium dioxide

Explosiveness

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

explosive properties of explosives

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

from 10 jun 2005 to 13 Oct 2005

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method A.14 (Explosive properties)

Version / remarks:

Cited as Directive 92/69/EEC, A.14

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

For the thermal sensitivity test, there is a minor modification to the tube packing procedure proposed in guideline A14. This modification has no effect on the conclusion.

GLP compliance:

yes

Key result

Parameter:

sensitiveness to impact: impact energy (J)

Remarks on result:

not sensitive to impact using an impact energy of 40 J

Key result

Parameter:

sensitiveness to friction: friction load (N)

Remarks on result:

not sensitive to friction using a friction load of 360 N

Key result

Parameter:

thermal sensitivity - Koenen test: diameter of the orifice plate

Remarks on result:

not thermal sensitive if heated under defined confinement

1) Shock test

Test No.	Weight (kg)	Height (m)	Results
1	10	0.4	No ignition, no explosion
2	10	0.4	No ignition, no explosion
3	10	0.4	No ignition, no explosion
4	10	0.4	No ignition, no explosion
5	10	0.4	No ignition, no explosion
6	10	0.4	No ignition, no explosion

 

CERIUM DIOXIDE has been determined not to have shock sensitivity to explosion.

 

2) Friction test

Test No.	Weight (N)	Results
1	360	No ignition, no explosion
2	360	No ignition, no explosion
3	360	No ignition, no explosion
4	360	No ignition, no explosion
5	360	No ignition, no explosion
6	360	No ignition, no explosion

 

CERIUM DIOXIDE has been determined not to have friction sensitivity to explosion.

 

3) Thermal sensitivity test

Hole diameter (mm)	Weight (V: 27.14 cm3)	T1 (s)	T2 (s)	Results
6	36.161	-	-	No inflammation, negative
6	36.167	-	-	No inflammation, negative
6	36.176	-	-	No inflammation, negative
2	36.161	-	-	No inflammation, negative
2	36.152	-	-	No inflammation, negative
2	36.165	-	-	No inflammation, negative

T1: time from application of the flame to a noticeable effect from the orifice.

T2: time from application of the flame to the end of the combustion without recorded event (e.g. explosion) as in these tests or to an explosion.

 

The test item didn’t burn. 

 

CERIUM DIOXIDE has been determined not to have thermal sensitivity to explosion.

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Cerium dioxide does not present a danger of explosion under the conditions of the test.

Executive summary:

The determination of explosive properties was conducted according to EU Method A14 under GLP compliance using the following systems:

1) The BAM Fall Hammer (or shock) apparatus

2) The BAM friction apparatus

3) The Koenen steel tube apparatus to test the thermal sensitivity.

According to the results of these three tests, cerium dioxide has been determined not to have shock sensitivity, friction sensitivity, or thermal sensitivity to explosion.

Description of key information

The bulk form of cerium dioxide does not present a danger of explosion under the conditions of the test.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Explosiveness:

non explosive

Additional information

One experimental study, scored as Klimisch 1, is available and selected as a key study. It reveals that the bulk form of cerium dioxide has no explosive properties.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the above data, the bulk form of cerium dioxide does not require a classification regarding its explosive properties under CLP.