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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 202-327-6 | CAS number: 94-36-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Dermal absorption
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- dermal absorption in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Benzoyl Peroxide : Percutaneous Penetration and Metabolic Disposition
- Author:
- Nacht S, Yeung D, Beasley JN, Anjo MD and Maibach HI
- Year:
- 1 981
- Bibliographic source:
- J. Am. Acad. Dermatol., 4(1):31-37
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Diffusion cell technic with excised human skin
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dibenzoyl peroxide
- EC Number:
- 202-327-6
- EC Name:
- Dibenzoyl peroxide
- Cas Number:
- 94-36-0
- Molecular formula:
- C14H10O4
- IUPAC Name:
- diphenylperoxyanhydride
- Details on test material:
- No data
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 14C-benzoyl peroxide
Test animals
- Species:
- human
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Duration of exposure:
- 8 hours
- Doses:
- 900 µg/cm²
Results and discussion
- Absorption in different matrices:
- Rinse (skin surface): 4,350 µg*, 95.5%† as Benzoyl peroxide
Soaks (skin layers): 120 µg, 2.6% as Benzoyl peroxide and benzoic acid
Buffer (dermal side): 86 µg, 1.9% as Benzoic acid
Total: 4,556 µg, 100%
*Average of two diffusion cells.
†Percent of the total amount recovered. - Total recovery:
- 100%
Percutaneous absorptionopen allclose all
- Dose:
- 4556 µg
- Parameter:
- percentage
- Absorption:
- 4.5 %
- Remarks on result:
- other: 8 hours
- Remarks on result:
- other: Dermal penetration: 5.1 µg/cm²/hour
Any other information on results incl. tables
All radioactive spots matched exactly areas that had been circled on the TLC plates under UV light. These areas were identified as either ben zoyl peroxide or benzoic acid by comparing their Rf values with the standards. Of the 4,556 µg of radiolabeled benzoyl peroxide applied to the surface of the skin discs, 1.9% (86 µg) penetrated through the skin and was recovered as benzoic acid from the receptor buffer solution. The skin discs contained 2.6% of the radiolabel (120 µg), approximately one half ot which was benzoyl peroxide and one half benzoic acid. Thus, the total amount of benzoyl peroxide delivered to the skin under maximal "steady
state '' conditions was 206 µg in an 8-hour period, or 4.5% of the applied dose. This represents a penetration of 5.1 µg/cm² /hour. Most (95.5%) of the benzoyl peroxide originally applied topically was recovered unchanged from the skin surface at the end of the 8-hour period.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Executive summary:
The transepidermal penetration and metabolic disposition of 14C-benzoyl peroxide were assessed in vitro (excised human skin). In vitro, 4.5% of the benzoyl peroxide dose penetrated into the skin, through the stratum corneum or the follicular openings, or both, and was recovered on the dermal side as benzoic acid. It was concluded that only benzoic acid enter the systemic circulation and did so by diffusing into the blood vessels of the dermis.
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