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EC number: 225-218-5 | CAS number: 4724-48-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 2011-12-16 to 2013-03-01
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- 2012-11-30
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Octylphosphonic acid
- EC Number:
- 225-218-5
- EC Name:
- Octylphosphonic acid
- Cas Number:
- 4724-48-5
- Molecular formula:
- C8H19O3P
- IUPAC Name:
- octylphosphonic acid
- Test material form:
- other: white waxy solid
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations:40 mg/L in the definitive test
- Sampling method: the test was semi-static. A daily renewal of the test preparation was performed
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: samplewere stored at approximately -20°C and protected fromm light until analysis
Test solutions
- Details on test solutions:
- The substance was found to be soluble in dechlorinated tap water at 100 mg/L, with the aid with ultrasonication, however, when left to stand in the test media, the test item precipitated out and formed a layer on the surface of the water. Consequently, preliminary work was conducted to discover the way to prepare the test item that resulted in the highest dissolved test item content possible in a stable solution.
Initially, a prolonged stirring method was conducted, stirring 200 mg/L of the test item in dechlorinated tap water. After stirring for 24 hours at approximately 1500 rpm, any dissolved test item was removed by filtration through a 0.2µm Sartorius Sartopore filter (initial 1 liter discarded). This was added to a tank and samples taken for Total Organic Carbon (TOC) analysis. The solution was left to stand for 1 hour prior to siphoning off the aqueous phase, leaving any precipitate undisturbed, and samples taken again for TOC analysis. After leaving this to stand overnight, it was observed that there was a film of precipitate on the surface. This remained the same after aeration.
Ir was then noted that the lowest EC50 from the acute Daphnia and Algal test was 40 mg/L, so it was decided to conduct work to see if a concentration of 40 mg/L would remain in solution. A solution of 40 mg/L as prepared in dechlorinated tap water using shear mixing and left to stand under gentle aeration for 24 hours. After this, it was again observed that the substance had precipitated out and formed a layer on the surface of the media.
Therefore for the purpose of the fish test, an excess of substance was stirred in dechlorinated tap water for 24 hours using a propeller stirrer. After stirring, any undissolved substance was removed by filtration through a 0.2µM Sartorius Sartopore filter. The dissolved substance concentration was determined using TOC analysis and an appropriate amount of media added to a final volume of 20 liter of dechrlorinated tap water to give the 40 mg/L test concentration.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name:juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
- Source: Fish were obtained from Brow Well Fisheries Limited, Hebden, near Skipton, Yorkshire, UK and maintained in-house since 17 october 2012
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 5.4 cm (sd = 0.2)
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 1.25 g (sd = 0.14)
- Feeding during test: No
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Fish were acclimatized to test conditions from 26 October to 05 November 2012
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): Yes
- Type and amount of food: commercial trout pellets which was discontinued approximately 24 hours prior to the start of the definitive test
- Feeding frequency: No data
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): 0 mortality in the 7 days prior to the start of the test
Study design
- Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 140 mg/L as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 14°C (Measured every day with a Hanna Instruments HI 93510 digital thermometer)
- pH:
- 7.3 to 8.1 (Measured every day with a Hach HQ30d Flexi handheld meter)
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 93% to 103 % of ASV (dissoled oxygen concentration expressed as a percentage of Air Satured Value)
- Salinity:
- No applicable (fresh-water)
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- See table 5: Results for test sample
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 20 liter glass exposure vessel covered to reduce evaporation:
- Aeration: aerated via narrow bore glass tubes
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): a daily renewal of the test preparations
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 1
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Laboratory tap water was dechlorinated by passage through an activated carbon filter (Purite Series 500) and partly softened (Elga Nimbus 1248D Duplex Water Softener). After dechlorination and softening the water was passed through a series of computer controlled plate heat exchangers to achieve the required temperature
- Total organic carbon: 0.920 mg/L
- Metals: no data
- Pesticides: 0.009µg/L
- Chlorine: no
- Alkalinity: No data
- Ca/mg ratio: No data
- Conductivity: No data
- Culture medium different from test medium: No applicable
- Intervals of water quality measurement: No data
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No data
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods for a period of 96 hours
- Light intensity: No data
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
After 3, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours any mortalities or sub-lethal effects of exposure were determined by visual inspection of the test fish.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not applicable
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: See details on test solution
- Range finding study: No
- Test concentrations: 40 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: studies 41105085 (acute Daphnia Magna) and 41105086 (algal growth inhibition test) showed that the lowest EC50 was 40 mg/L on the algal. Based on these results, a limit test was conducted at a concentration of 40 mg/L to confirm that at the EC50 in the algal test, no mortalities or sub-lethal effects of exposure were observed. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 40 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 40 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: No
- Other biological observations: No
- Mortality of control: No
- Other adverse effects control: No
- Abnormal responses: No
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: Throughout the duration of the test the test preparations were observed to be clear colorless solutions with a very small amount of white precipitate on the surface at 48 and 72 hours. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
Any other information on results incl. tables
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table 2 : Cumulative Mortality Data in the Definitive test
Nominal concentration (mg/L)
Cumulative Mortality (initial population = 7)
% mortality
3 h
6 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
96 h
Control
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
40
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Table 5: results for test sample
Time point (hour)
Nominal concentration of test item in test sample
Cnom
[mg/L]
Measured concentration of test item in sample vial
X
[mg/L]
Sample preparation factor
F
Determined concentration of test item in test sample
C
[mg/L]
% of nominal concentration
[%]
0
Control
40
< LOQ
0.459
100
100
< LOQ
45.9
-
115
24
Control
40
< LOQ
0.452
100
100
< LOQ
45.2
-
113
96
Control
40
< LOQ
0.409
100
100
< LOQ
40.9
-
102
LOQ = Limit Of Detection
- = Not apllicable
For reporting purposes, x has been calculated from c retrospectively
Physico-Chemical measurements
Nominal concentration (mg/L)
Time (Hour)
0 hours (Fresh media)
24 hours (old media)
24 hours (fresh media)
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
Control
7.5
10.6
103
14
8.1
10.3
100
14
7.7
10.7
104
14
100
7.8
10.4
101
14
8.0
10.2
99
14
7.4
10.6
103
14
Nominal concentration (mg/L)
Time (Hour)
48 hours (old media)
48 hours (fresh media)
72 hours (old media)
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
Control
8.0
10.0
97
14
7.4
10.6
103
14
7.8
9.7
94
14
100
8.1
10.0
97
14
7.3
10.6
103
14
7.9
9.9
96
14
Nominal concentration (mg/L)
Time (Hour)
72 hours (fresh media)
96 hours (old media)
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
pH
Mg O2/L
% ASV *
T °C
Control
7.4
10.4
101
14
7.8
9.7
94
14
100
7.4
10.5
102
14
7.8
9.6
93
14
*ASV = Dissolved oxygen concentration expressed as a percentage of Air Saturation Value
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The acute toxicity of the test item to the freshwater fish rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) has been investigated using the threshold approach and gave a 96-Hour LC50 of greater than 40 mg/L. The No Observed Effect Concentration was 40 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
In a 96-h acute toxicity study, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to OPA (Octylphosphonic Acid) at 40 mg/L nominal concentrations (limit test) under semi-static conditions according to the OECD guideline N° 203 (1992).
40 mg/L was considered to be the highest concentration which was possible to be dissolved in the media without precipitation of the substance. That why this test could be considered as a limit test.
The 96-h LC50was >40 mg/L
The NOEC values, based on mortality/sublethal effects, was 40 mg/L.
No sublethal effects were observed. Based on the results of this study, OPA would be not classified to fish.
LC50: >40 mg /L
NOEL: = 40 mg /L
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