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EC number: 215-960-8 | CAS number: 1461-25-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Not provided
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The first test was for algal population; growth and enumeration of algae was performed after toxicant exposure. In the algal toxicity tests, concentration response was estimated with a derivation of the moving average angle method becuase algae response relationships differ from animal tests. The second test to determine lethal organotin concentrations were performed by counting and classifying dead cells after toxicant exposure. In the third test, two algal species were exposed to the toxicant to determine if they could adapt to TPTO and TBTO concentrations.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- - Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): 0.01 mL of nanograde acetone
- Test organisms (species):
- Skeletonema costatum
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): University of Rhode Island, Kingston
- Method of cultivation:maintained in artificial seawater medium fortified with trace metals, vitamins and nutrient salts.
- Exposure of algae was made after 48 h growth - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- saltwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C
- pH:
- 8.1
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 150 mL capacity, with stainless steel closures
- Initial cell density: 2500 cells/mL
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 2
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 1
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used:artificial seawater growth medium fortified with trace metals, vitamins and nutrient salts.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water:algae from inoculum stock cultures were added to 50 mL of growth medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod:72 hours
- Light intensity and quality:150 µE/ m^3/sec photosenthtically active radiation from cool white fluorescent tubes
- pH: 8.1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: enumerated on hemocytometer and fluorescence measured on a Perkin-Elmer Model 210 fluorescence spectrophotometer (exciter wavelength 430 nm, analyzer wavelength 672 mm)
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 17 µg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 500 µg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Cell death
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 186 µg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Cell death
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- The EC50 of tetrabutyltin was 17 µg/L when tested with S. costatum for growth rate.
The EC50 and LC50 for tetrabutyltin on cell death of S. costatum are 186 and >500 µg/L respectively. - Executive summary:
The EC50 of tetrabutyltin was 17 µg/L when tested with S. costatum for growth rate.
The EC50 and LC50 for tetrabutyltin on cell death of S. costatum are 186 and >500 µg/L, respectively.
The EC50 values reported for tests on cell death are greater than those of growth tests because biomass at the time of exposure was greater. Extensive death of cells at or near the EC50 concentration may indicate greater hazard than when the LC50 far exceeds the EC50. These data show that populations of algae exposed to relatively high concentrations of organotins (up to 50 µg/L) over a short period of time may recover without input of new cells. However, the data do not show whether recovery was due to adaptation of surviving cells or loss of toxicant from the medium by volatilization, adsorption to dead cells or to walls of exposure vessels, degradation or a combination of these factors.
Reference
Description of key information
The 72 hour EC50 of Tetrabutyltin was 17 µg/L when tested with S. costatum for growth rate.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 17 µg/L
Additional information
Once study is available. The EC50 of tetrabutyltin was 17 µg/L when tested with S. costatum for growth rate. The EC50 and LC50 for tetrabutyltin on cell death of S. costatum are 186 and >500 µg/L, respectively.
The EC50 values reported for tests on cell death are greater than those of growth tests because biomass at the time of exposure was greater. Extensive death of cells at or near the EC50 concentration may indicate greater hazard than when the LC50 far exceeds the EC50, These data show that populations of algae exposed to relatively high concentrations of organotins (up to 50 µg/L) over a short period of time may recover without input of new cells. However, the data do not show whether recovery was due to adaptation of surviving cells or loss of toxicant from the medium by volatilization, adsorption to dead cells or to walls of exposure vessels, degradation or a combination of these factors.
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