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EC number: 940-822-5 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Relative rates of hydrolysis by rat pancreatic lipase of esters of C2-C18 fatty acids with C1-C18 primary n-alcohols
- Author:
- Mattson F.H. and Volpenhein R.A.
- Year:
- 1 969
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of Lipid Research, Volume 10, 1969
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- metabolism
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Fatty acids, C3-C16, butyl esters
- IUPAC Name:
- Fatty acids, C3-C16, butyl esters
- Details on test material:
- The esters of primary n-alcohols containing 1-18 carbons and fatty acids containing 2-18 carbons were prepared. The fatty acids were isolated from natural fats or purchased, while the alcohols were obtained from commercial sources. The fatty acids and alcohols and the esters synthesized from them were purified by appropriate distillation, crystallization, and column chromatography. Thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography established that the starting materials and the final products were better than 99% pure.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- not specified
- Sex:
- not specified
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: not applicable
- Vehicle:
- other: not applicable
- Details on exposure:
- not applicable: in vitro test
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- not applicable: in vitro test
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
not applicable: in vitro test
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- not applicable: in vitro test
- Control animals:
- other: not applicable
- Details on study design:
- The lipolytic enzymes, other than lipase, in rat pancreatic juice that had been freeze-dried were inactivated by keeping a pH 9 solution of reconstituted juice at 40°C for 1 hr. The activity of the enzyme preparation varied slightly from day to day. To correct for this we hydrolyzed replicate samples of methyl oleate each day. The values obtained that day for the other esters were corrected to a standard value for the methyl oleate. The rates of hydrolysis of the esters were determined with the aid of a pH-stat. The digestion mixture consisted of 225 pmoles of substrate (some exceptions are
noted later), 330 µmoles of CaC12, 7 pmoles of free oleic acid (this addition is discussed later), 17 mg of histidine (final concentration 0.002 M), 3.11 g of NaCl (final concentration 1 M), and 0.6 mg of selectively inactivated, lyophilized rat pancreatic juice in a total volume of 55 ml at pH 9.0 and at 25°C. The rate of stirring of the digestion mixture was such that a further increase in the amount of agitation did not cause an increase in the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis. The gas space in the flask was continuously flushed with C02-free, water-saturated nitrogen. If the digestion is carried out at pH 9 all of the resulting free fatty acids are titrated. This pH is within the broad pH optimum of this enzyme. For the majority of the substrates, the rate of the reaction was enzyme-limited under the digestion conditions described above. However, the water solubility of a few of the esters, where both the fatty acid and alcohol were short-chain, was greater than 225 µmoles per 55 ml. In these instances, the quantity of substrate was increased until the solubility limit was exceeded; thus, an interface was present. The level of ester then was raised until no further increase in the rate of hydrolysis was obtained; this level of substrate was used in determining the rate of hydrolysis. Thus all reactions were zero order with respect to substrate. - Statistics:
- The values for the rates of hydrolysis of the esters are for the first few minutes after addition of the enzyme. After making a large number of measurements, we judge that a 10% difference between two rates is significant.
Results and discussion
Main ADME results
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- Rat pancreatic lipase is hydrolysing butyl esters of fatty acids with differnet chain length with a rate of hydrolysis between 1.2 and 3.0 µeq/min/mg enzyme.
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): low bioaccumulation potential based on study results
Rat pancreatic lipase is hydrolysing butyl esters of fatty acids with differnet chain lengths with a rate of hydrolysis between 1.2 and 3.0 µeq/min/mg enzyme. - Executive summary:
The rate at which rat pancreatic lipase (glycerol-ester hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.3) hydrolyzes the esters of primary n-alcohols containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms with fatty acids containing from 2 to 18 carbon atoms was determined. The speed of hydrolysis was influenced, apparently independently, by both the acyl and the alkyl chains. With respect to the fatty acid moiety, the esters of dodecanoic acid were usually split at the most rapid rate. Esters of butyric acid were the next most susceptible. In the case of the alcohol moiety, esters of heptyl alcohol were hydrolyzed most rapidly. On the basis of the pattern of the relative rates of hydrolysis, it is proposed that the influence of the alcohol component is a result of its orienting the ester molecule at the oil/water interface. The fatty acid effect is attributed to enzyme-substrate specificity.
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