Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 613-145-5 | CAS number: 63139-21-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2006-12-12 to 2007-02-26
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- adopted July 17,1992
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- July 31, 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Activated sludge, microorganisms from a domestic waste water treatment plant.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: The activated sludge used for this study was washed by centrifugation and the supernatant liquid phase was decanted. The solid material was re-suspended in tap water and again centrifuged. This procedure was repeated twice. An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and the ratio of wet sludge to its dry weight was determined. Based on this ratio, calculated aliquots of washed sludge suspension, corresponding to 1.5 g dry material per litre were mixed with test water and then aerated until use overnight. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 104 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Reconstituted Test Water
- Test temperature: 22 °C
- pH: 7.6 (measured at the Start of the test); 7.7 - 7.9 (measured at the end of the test)
- pH adjusted: no
- Aeration of dilution water: no
- Continuous darkness: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: Manometric Test System with test flasks containing a volume of 500 mL
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: BSB/BOD-Sensor-System
- Test performed in closed vessels: The test flasks were closed gas-tight by a measuring head
- Test performed in open system: no
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: everyday of the exposure period
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: 2
- Abiotic sterile control: 1
- Toxicity control: 1
- Procedure control: 1 - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 74
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Results with reference substance:
- The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to 87 % after 14 days and to 90 % after 28 days of incubation. The percentage biodegradation of the reference item confirms the suitability of the used activated sludge inoculum.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Under the test conditions of the OECD TG 301 F, the test item can be considered to be readily biodegradable within the 10-day window.
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test item in a Manometric Respirometry Test according to OECD TG 301 F and EU Method C.4-D was determined with aerobic activated sludge from a domestic wastewater treatment plant for 28 days under GLP. The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference item, sodium benzoate was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test item, and functioned as a procedure control. Degradation rate of the test item calculated by the oxygen consumption of the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms after 28 days of incubation. The test item was tested at a concentration of 104 mg/L in duplicate, corresponding to about 244 mg/L based on ThOD of 2.347 mg O2/mg test item. The oxygen concentration was measured using a BSB/BOD-Sensor-System and the test flasks were closed gas-tight by a measuring head. Since no nitrogen is incorporated into the molecule, nitrification was not considered. The validity criterion was fulfilled. The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to 87 % after 14 days and to 90 % after 28 days of incubation, thus confirming the suitability of the aerobic activated sludge inoculum used. In the toxicity control containing both the test item and the reference item sodium benzoate, 38 % biodegradation was noted within 14 days and 48 % biodegradation after 28 days of incubation. According to the test guidelines, the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory to the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms because degradation was > 25 % within 14 days. The test item was degraded to a mean of 24 % after 14 days and a mean of 74 % after 28 days of incubation. The degradation rate was about 14 % (mean) on day 13 when the counting of the 10-day window began and reached 64 % (mean) at the end of the 10-day window, thus, the 10-day window criterion was passed. Therefore, according to the test guidelines, the test item is considered to be readily biodegradable within the 10-day window.
Reference
Validity Criteria of the Study
Inoculum control: The oxygen demand of the inoculum control (medium and inoculum) was 21 mg O2/L and thus not greater than 60 mg O2/L within 28 days as required by the test guideline.
pH-Value: The pH-value of the test item flasks at the end of the test was within the range of pH 6.0 - 8.5 as required by the test guideline.
Reference Item: The percentage degradation of the reference item should reach the level for ready biodegradability (> 60 %) within 14 days as required by the test guideline. The reference item sodium benzoate was degraded to more than 60 % after 4 days of incubation.
Test Item: The difference of duplicate values for the degradation of the test item at the plateau, at the end of the test and at the end of the 10-day window should be less than 20 %.
The validity criterion was fulfilled.
Percentage Biodegradation of Test Item: The test item was degraded to 24 % (mean) after 14 days and 74 % (mean) after 28 days of incubation. The degradation rate was about 14 % (mean) on day 13 when the counting of the 10-day window began and reached 64 % (mean) at the end of the 10-day window.
Percentage Biodegradation of Reference Item Sodium Benzoate: The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to 87 % after 14 days and to 90 % after 28 days of incubation.
Percentage Biodegradation in the Toxicity Control: In the toxicity control containing both, the test item and the reference item, 38 % biodegradation was noted within 14 days and 48 % biodegradation was determined after 28 days of incubation. According to the test guidelines the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory on the activated sludge microorganisms because degradation was > 25 % within 14 days.
Abiotic Control - Oxygen Demand: The oxygen demand in the abiotic control was zero. No correction of the test item degradation rates had to be done.
Table 1: Preparation of the Test Solutions
Treatment |
Flask |
Test Item mg |
Reference Item1 mg |
Activated Sludge2 mL |
Test Water mL |
Final Volume mL |
Test item |
1 |
25.3 |
— |
5 |
239 |
244 |
|
2 |
25.5 |
— |
5 |
239 |
244 |
Inoculum Control3 |
3 |
— |
— |
5 |
239 |
244 |
4 |
— |
— |
5 |
239 |
244 |
|
Procedure Control4 |
5 |
— |
25,2 |
5 |
239 |
244 |
Abiotic Control |
6 |
25.5 |
— |
— |
244 |
244 |
Toxicity Control |
7 |
24.7 |
25.2 |
5 |
239 |
244 |
1 Reference item: sodium benzoate
2 Stock Suspension of 1.5 g/L on dry matter base (final concentration: 30 mg/L)
3 The inoculum control was also used for other projects which ran in parallel.
4 The procedure control was also used for other projects which ran in parallel.
—: Not applicable
Table 2: Cumulative Biochemical Oxygen Demand (mg O2/L) in Test Flasks During the Test Period
Time (days) |
Flask No. |
||||||
Flask No. 1 |
Flask No. 2 |
Flask No. 3 |
Flask No. 4 |
Flask No. 5 |
Flask No. 6 |
Flask No. 7 |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
48.7 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
5.9 |
5.9 |
75.2 |
0 |
53.1 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
5.9 |
5.9 |
94.4 |
0 |
69.3 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
5.9 |
7.4 |
111 |
0 |
87 |
5 |
0 |
0 |
7.4 |
8.8 |
127 |
0 |
97.3 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
7.4 |
8.8 |
136 |
0 |
109 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
7.4 |
10.3 |
140 |
0 |
119 |
8 |
0 |
0 |
8.8 |
11.8 |
147 |
0 |
127 |
9 |
0 |
0 |
8.8 |
11.8 |
150 |
0 |
136 |
10 |
0 |
2.9 |
10.3 |
13.3 |
155 |
0 |
143 |
11 |
4.4 |
17.7 |
10.3 |
13.3 |
156 |
0 |
152 |
12 |
19.2 |
36.8 |
11.8 |
14.7 |
159 |
0 |
161 |
13 |
45.7 |
48.6 |
13.3 |
14.7 |
164 |
0 |
165 |
14 |
74.6 |
70.8 |
13.3 |
14.7 |
164 |
0 |
170 |
15 |
88.9 |
90 |
13.3 |
14.7 |
164 |
0 |
176 |
16 |
106 |
103 |
14.7 |
16.2 |
164 |
0 |
180 |
17 |
118 |
115 |
14.7 |
16.2 |
164 |
0 |
186 |
18 |
127 |
130 |
14.7 |
16.2 |
165 |
0 |
189 |
19 |
144 |
140 |
14.7 |
17.7 |
165 |
0 |
192 |
20 |
148 |
150 |
16.2 |
17.7 |
171 |
0 |
196 |
21 |
158 |
155 |
16.2 |
17.7 |
171 |
0 |
198 |
22 |
168 |
163 |
17.7 |
17.7 |
171 |
0 |
202 |
23 |
176 |
170 |
17.7 |
19.2 |
173 |
0 |
204 |
24 |
181 |
177 |
20.6 |
19.2 |
174 |
0 |
207 |
25 |
186 |
183 |
20.6 |
19.2 |
174 |
0 |
210 |
26 |
192 |
188 |
20.6 |
20.6 |
174 |
0 |
211 |
27 |
196 |
194 |
20.6 |
20.6 |
174 |
0 |
215 |
28 |
203 |
199 |
20.6 |
20.6 |
175 |
0 |
218 |
Flasks 1 and 2: Test item
Flasks 3 and 4: inoculum control
Flask 5: sodium benzoate (procedure control)
Flask 6: abiotic control
Flask 7: toxicity control
Table 3: Percentage Biodegradation of Test Item, of Sodium Benzoate and of the Toxicity Control
Time (Days) |
Percentage Biodegradation1 |
|||
Test item |
Sodium benzoate |
Toxicity control2 |
||
Flask 1 [%] |
Flask 2 [%] |
Flask 5 [%] |
Flask 7 [%] |
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
28 |
0 |
2 |
-2 |
-2 |
40 |
12 |
3 |
-2 |
-2 |
51 |
15 |
4 |
-3 |
-3 |
61 |
20 |
5 |
-3 |
-3 |
69 |
22 |
6 |
-3 |
-3 |
74 |
25 |
7 |
-4 |
-4 |
76 |
27 |
8 |
-4 |
-4 |
79 |
28 |
9 |
-4 |
-4 |
81 |
31 |
10 |
-5 |
-4 |
83 |
32 |
11 |
-3 |
2 |
84 |
34 |
12 |
2 |
10 |
85 |
36 |
13 |
13 |
14 |
87 |
37 |
14 |
25 |
23 |
87 |
38 |
15 |
31 |
31 |
87 |
40 |
16 |
37 |
36 |
86 |
40 |
17 |
42 |
41 |
86 |
42 |
18 |
46 |
47 |
87 |
42 |
19 |
53 |
50 |
87 |
43 |
20 |
54 |
54 |
90 |
44 |
21 |
58 |
56 |
90 |
44 |
22 |
62 |
59 |
89 |
45 |
23 |
65 |
62 |
90 |
45 |
24 |
66 |
64 |
90 |
46 |
25 |
68 |
66 |
90 |
46 |
26 |
70 |
68 |
89 |
46 |
27 |
72 |
71 |
89 |
47 |
28 |
75 |
73 |
90 |
48 |
1 based on ThODNH4
ThODNH4 of the test item: 2.347 mg/mg
ThODNH4 / ThODNO3 of sodium benzoate: 1.666 mg/mg
Description of key information
Under the test conditions of the OECD TG 301 F, the test item can be considered to be readily biodegradable within the 10-day window (reference 5.2.1-1).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
- Type of water:
- freshwater
Additional information
The ready Biodegradability of the test item in a Manometric Respirometry Test according to OECD TG 301 F and EU Method C.4-D was determined with aerobic activated sludge from a domestic wastewater treatment plant for 28 days under GLP. The biodegradation was followed by the oxygen uptake of the microorganisms during exposure. As a reference item, sodium benzoate was tested simultaneously under the same conditions as the test item, and functioned as a procedure control. Degradation rate of the test item calculated by the oxygen consumption of the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms after 28 days of incubation. The test item was tested at a concentration of 104 mg/L in duplicate, corresponding to about 244 mg/L based on ThOD of 2.347 mg O2/mg test item. The oxygen concentration was measured using a BSB/BOD-Sensor-System and the test flasks were closed gas-tight by a measuring head. Since no nitrogen is incorporated into the molecule, nitrification was not considered. The validity criterion was fulfilled. The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to 87 % after 14 days and to 90 % after 28 days of incubation, thus confirming the suitability of the aerobic activated sludge inoculum used. In the toxicity control containing both the test item and the reference item sodium benzoate, 38 % biodegradation was noted within 14 days and 48 % biodegradation after 28 days of incubation. According to the test guidelines, the test item can be assumed to be not inhibitory to the aerobic activated sludge microorganisms because degradation was > 25 % within 14 days. The test item was degraded to a mean of 24 % after 14 days and a mean of 74 % after 28 days of incubation. The degradation rate was about 14 % (mean) on day 13 when the counting of the 10-day window began and reached 64 % (mean) at the end of the 10-day window, thus, the 10-day window criterion was passed. Therefore, according to the test guidelines, the test item is considered to be readily biodegradable within the 10-day window.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.