Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 222-248-0 | CAS number: 3396-11-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 2011-05-31 to 2011-08-22
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP, OECD study
- Justification for type of information:
- In water, cesium acetate will dissociate into cesium and acetate ions. Therefore, aquatic animals living in the column water will never be in direct contact with cesium acetate as such. For short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates, no study is currently availbale for cesium acetate. Howevr, due to the dissociation in water, toxicity to invertebrate can be extrapolated from studies made from available cesium salts and acetate.
In this dossier, the toxicity provokes by the cesium ion has been provide with cesium hydroxide and cesium nitrate. In addition, toxicity to acetate has also been provided. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- ,updated 13th April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- , dated May 30, 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling preparation:
For the analysis of the test item concentration, samples from the test media of the test concentration and the control were taken at the start and at the end of the experiment. Representative samples in duplicate series were taken. One series were sent for analysis, and were analyzed immediately after sampling. The analysis was performed depending on the results of the analytical method validation.
- Storage of the Samples: The second series of samples were stored in a refrigerator immediately after sampling, and were kept stored until delivery of the final report to enable additional analyses on request of the sponsor. After delivery of the final report, all samples will be discarded. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Formulation: At the preparation of the test item stock solution 50 mg test item was weighted and emulsified in 500 mL ISO Medium and further diluted.
Untreated Control: ISO Medium with daphnids (without test item) was examined in parallel in the experiment. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: Laboratory of Hydrobiology (Central Agricultural Office, Directorate of Plant-, and Soil Protection) 2100 Gödöllő, Kotlán S. u. 3. Hungary
- Age: Less than 24 hours old
- Sex: female
- Feeding, Aeration: None
- Acclimatization: The Daphnia mothers selected ca. one months prior to the start of the test were maintained in ISO medium under test conditions (temperature, light conditions, quality and content of reconstituted water, pH and total hardness).
The test animals were fed daily with a few mL of centrifuged algae (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata) suspension.
To avoid the necessity of longer adaptation prior to the test, the water used in the test is similar (or the same) to the culture conditions (water temperature, background colour, light intensities). - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 226.1 mg/L
- Test temperature:
- 20.2 – 20.9 °C in the climate chamber
20.5 – 20.9 oC in the test vessels - pH:
- pH 8.23 to 8.39 at the start of the test
pH 8.34 to 8.47 at the end of the test - Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.52 to 8.62 mg/L at test start of the test
8.20 to 8.31 mg/L at test end of the test - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal 6.25; 12.5; 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers of 50 mL volume with ~40 mL test medium
- No. of organisms per vessel: There were 20 animals at each group (concentration and untreated control) divided into 4 parallel. 5 animals were investigated/parallel.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: Yes
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
NOEC (48 h):No Observed Effect Concentration: highest test concentration at which no significant effect is determined after 48 hours test duration
EC 50: the calculated concentration of the test item which results in a 50 % immobilisation rate
EC 0: highest test concentration without a significant number of immobilised test animals
EC 100: the lowest test concentration at which all test animals are immobile
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: Two non-GLP preliminary range-finding tests were performed. In the first range-finding test the examined nominal concentrations were: 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 mg test item/L. In the second range-finding test the same concentration range was investigated. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 94.44 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- CsOH monohydrate
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%CL:63.5 - 216.05 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- CsOH monohydrate
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- CsOH monohydrate
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- CsOH monohydrate
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 84.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for CsOH anhydrous
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 22.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for CsOH anhydrous
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 22.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for CsOH anhydrous
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 44.6 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for CsOH anhydrous
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- 24-hour EC50 of Potassium dichromate: 1.84 mg/L (95 % confidence limits: 1.44 – 2.43 mg/L).
24-h NOEC: 0.50 mg/L.
This 24-hour EC50 value is in accordance with the accepted 0.6 – 2.1 mg/L range for Daphnia magna. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this acute daphnia toxicity study the observed endpoints for the effect of cesium hydroxide monohydrate were the following: 48h NOEC value: 25 mg test item/L; 48h LOEC value: > 50 mg test item/L and 48h EC50 value: 94.44 mg test item/L. All reported biological results are related to the nominal concentrations. Based on these data, the calculated 48h-EC50 for cesium hydroxide anhydrous was 84.3 mg/L, the 48h-LOEC was greater than 44.6 mg/L and the 48h-NOEC was 22.3 mg/L.
As this study is used as read-across for extrapolating the toxicity value for cesium acetate, the values once converted are the following: 48h-EC50 for cesium acetate was 108.2 mg/L, the 48h-LOEC was greater than 57.11 mg/L and the 48h-NOEC was 28.55 mg/L. - Executive summary:
An acute toxicity test on Daphnia magna over an exposure period of 48 hours in a static system was assessed according to OECD Guideline 202 and EU method C.2. Five different concentrations of cesium hydroxide monohydrate arranged in a geometric series and an untreated control group was tested in the main experiment. The concentrations were in nominal: 6.25; 12.5; 25, 50 and 100 mg/L. The highest concentration tested without toxic effects after the exposure period of 48 hours, the 48h-NOEC and the 48h-EC0 of cesium hydroxid monohydrat to Daphnia magna was determined to be 25 mg/L. 5 % mortality was observed at the concentrations of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/L and in the control group, however this mortality was within the assay acceptance range; therefore the observed mortality was not evaluated as an effect. Immobilisation observed at 100 mg/L test item concentration was significantly different from the control (Dunnett’s Test). The 48h-LOEC was greater than 50 mg/L, while the 48h-EC50 was calculated to be 94.44 mg/L. All reported biological results are related to the nominal concentrations.
Based on these data, the calculated 48h-EC50 for cesium hydroxide anhydrous was 84.3 mg/L, the 48h-LOEC was greater than 44.6 mg/L and the 48h-NOEC was 22.3 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 2011-12-02 to 2012-02-09
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study according to guideline.
- Justification for type of information:
- In water, cesium acetate will dissociate into cesium and acetate ions. Therefore, aquatic animals living in the column water will never be in direct contact with cesium acetate as such. For short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates, no study is currently availbale for cesium acetate. Howevr, due to the dissociation in water, toxicity to invertebrate can be extrapolated from studies made from available cesium salts and acetate.
In this dossier, the toxicity provokes by the cesium ion has been provide with cesium hydroxide and cesium nitrate. In addition, toxicity to acetate has also been provided. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- ,updated 13th April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- , dated May 30, 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling preparation:
For determination of the test item concentration, samples were taken from the testing concentrations and the control at the start and at the end of the experiment.
- Storage of the Samples: Samples were taken in duplicate series. One series was stored frozen in the testing laboratory, one series was analysed immediately after sampling. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Formulation: The test solutions used in the test were prepared by mechanical dispersion without using of any solubilising agent. The test solutions were freshly prepared at the beginning of the experiment, in the testing laboratory.
Untreated Control: The dilution water (ISO-medium) was used without addition of the test item. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source: Laboratory of Hydrobiology (Central Agricultural Office, Directorate of Plant-, and Soil Protection) 2100 Gödöllő, Kotlán S. u. 3. Hungary
- Age: Less than 24 hours old
- Sex: female
- Feeding, Aeration: None
- Acclimatization: Test animals were bred under similar conditions as that used during the exposure period, therefore additional acclimatisation before the test was not necessary.
- Breeding conditions: Daphnia were bred in the Laboratory of TOXI-COOP ZRT. under similar temperature and light conditions as in the test, and in reconstituted water of a similar quality regarding to pH, components of the main ions and total hardness as the test water used in the test. The test animals were fed with centrifuged green alga suspension. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 249 mg/L (as CaCO3).
- Test temperature:
- The test temperature was in the range of 19.5 – 20.5 °C measured in the test vessels during the test. The additionally measured ambient temperature within the climate chamber was between 20.0 – 21.1 °C.
- pH:
- pH 7.97 to 8.09
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.25 to 8.58 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal 35.0; 45.5; 59.2; 76.9 and 100.0 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Glass beakers of approximately 40 mL test medium
- No. of organisms per vessel: Twenty animals at each group, divided into 4 replicates.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 16 hours light (artificial illumination) and 8 hours darkness
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
EC 50: concentration estimated to immobilise 50 per cent of the daphnids within a stated exposure period
EC100: the lowest test concentration at which all test animals are immobile.
NOEC (48 h, No Observed Effect Concentration) the highest test concentration at which no significant immobilisation or abnormal behaviour is observed relative to the control.
LOEC: (Lowest Observed Effect Concentration) the lowest test concentration at which a significant immobilisation or abnormal behaviour is observed relative to the control.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: Two non-GLP preliminary range-finding tests were performed. In the first range finding test, five widely spaced concentrations (0.01-100 mg/L) with a separation factor of 10 was used. The results of this pre-test were completed in a second range finding test using one additional concentration of 50 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 98.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%CL:91.5 - 111.6 mg/L
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 76.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 77.87 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for cesium
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 60.86 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for cesium
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 79.14 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: calculated for cesium
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24-hour EC50 of Potassium dichromate: 2.05 mg/L, (95 % confidence limits: 1.76 – 2.43 mg/L).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this acute daphnia toxicity study (OECD 202) the observed endpoints for the effect of cesium nitrate were the following: 48h NOEC value: 76.9 mg test item/L; 48h LOEC value: 100 mg test item/L and 48h EC50 value: 98.4 mg test item/L. All reported biological results are related to the nominal concentrations.
Based on these data the calculated NOEC for cesium was 60.86 mg/L, the EC50=77.87 mg/L and the LOEC=79.14 mg/L. Expressed in terms of cesium acetate, the values are: NOEC: 87.90 mg/L, the EC50=112.46 mg/L and the LOEC=114.30 mg/L. - Executive summary:
Acute toxicity on Daphnia magna over an exposure period of 48 hours in a static system was assessed according to OECD Guideline 202 and EU method C.2. Five different concentrations of cesium nitrate arranged in a geometric series and an untreated control group was tested in the main experiment. The nominal concentrations were: 35.0; 45.5; 59.2; 76.9 and 100.0 mg/L. The 48 h EC50 value was determined to be 98.4 mg/L, and the 48 h NOEC was determined to be 76.9 mg/L.
Based on these data the calculated NOEC for cesium was 60.86 mg/L, the EC50=77.87 mg/L and the LOEC=79.14 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 1982
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: published data used in OECD SIDS program
- Justification for type of information:
- In water, cesium acetate will dissociate into cesium and acetate ions. Therefore, aquatic animals living in the column water will never be in direct contact with cesium acetate as such. For short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates, no study is currently availbale for cesium acetate. Howevr, due to the dissociation in water, toxicity to invertebrate can be extrapolated from studies made from available cesium salts and acetate.
In this dossier, the toxicity provokes by the cesium ion has been provide with cesium hydroxide and cesium nitrate. In addition, toxicity to acetate has also been provided. - Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Daphnia magna Straus IRCHA
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 55 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: values reported here are without neutralization
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 47 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: values reported here are without neutralization
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 68 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: values reported here are without neutralization
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 1 370 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Value reported after neutralization
- Key result
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3 200 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Value reported after neutralization
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 5 900 mg/L
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks on result:
- other: Value reported after neutralization
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Short-term toxicity on Daphnia magna with Acetanhydrid (acetic anhydride) provided the following results:
- 24 hr. LC50 = 55 mg/l (95% confidence interval 53-58 mg/l)
- 24 hr. LC0 = 47 mg/l
- 24 hr. LC100 = 68 mg/l
BUT once we neutralise the acid - the values become:
- 24 hr. EC0 = 1370 mg/l (95% confidence interval 53-58 mg/l)
- 24 hr. EC50 = 3200 mg/l
- 24 hr. EC100 = 5900 mg/l
In conclusion, we can easily extrapolate that acetate is not an adverse ion for daphnia.
These results have been publised by Bringmann, G., and R. Kuhn (1982) and used by the OECD SIDS program 1997.
Referenceopen allclose all
The analytically determined mean test item concentrations in the analysed test media varied in the range from 101 % to 113 % of the nominal value at the start of the study and from 96 % to 111 % at the end of the study (see the attached analytical report). The measured concentrations remained within the range of ± 20% of nominal during the study, therefore, all reported biological results are related to the nominal concentrations applied in the test.
Five different concentrations arranged in a geometric series and an untreated control group was tested in the experiment. The nominal test item concentrations were 35.0; 45.5; 59.2; 76.9 and 100.0 mg/L. The measured concentrations of cesium nitrate varied between 95 and 105 % of the nominal concentration during the experiment.
Description of key information
No short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates is currently existing for cesium acetate. However, to fulfil the requirement, read-across strategy with cesium salts have been used to assess the toxicity of cesium acetate (cesium ion) and supporting studies with acetic anhydride to provide data induced by acetate (acetic anhydride is rapidly hydrolyzed (half-life 4.4 min.) to acetic acid which then, ends into acetate and H+).
* CsOH.H2O
Under the conditions of this acute daphnia toxicity study (OECD guideline N°202), the observed endpoints for the effect of cesium hydroxide monohydrate were the following: 48h NOEC value: 25 mg test item/L; 48h LOEC value: > 50 mg test item/L and 48h EC50 value: 94.44 mg test item/L. All reported biological results are related to the nominal concentrations. Based on these data, the calculated 48h-EC50 for cesium hydroxide anhydrous was 84.3 mg/L, the 48h-LOEC was greater than 44.6 mg/L and the 48h-NOEC was 22.3 mg/L.
Finally, by extrapolated the above values into cesium acetate, the values are the following: 48h-EC50 for cesium acetate was 108.2 mg/L, the 48h-LOEC was greater than 57.11 mg/L and the 48h-NOEC was 28.55 mg/L.
*CsNO3
Under the conditions of this acute daphnia toxicity study (OECD 202) the observed endpoints for the effect of cesium nitrate were the following: 48h NOEC value: 76.9 mg test item/L; 48h LOEC value: 100 mg test item/L and 48h EC50 value: 98.4 mg test item/L. All reported biological results are related to the nominal concentrations.
Based on these data the calculated NOEC for cesium was 60.86 mg/L, the EC50=77.87 mg/L and the LOEC=79.14 mg/L. Expressed in terms of cesium acetate, the values are: NOEC: 87.90 mg/L, the EC50=112.46 mg/L and the LOEC=114.30 mg/L.
* Acetic anhydride
Short-term toxicity on Daphnia magna with Acetanhydrid (acetic anhydride) provided the following results:
- 24 hr. LC50 = 55 mg/l (95% confidence interval 53-58 mg/l)
- 24 hr. LC0 = 47 mg/l
- 24 hr. LC100 = 68 mg/l
BUT once we neutralise the acid - the values become:
- 24 hr. EC0 = 1370 mg/l (95% confidence interval 53-58 mg/l)
- 24 hr. EC50 = 3200 mg/l
- 24 hr. EC100 = 5900 mg/l
In conclusion, we can easily extrapolate that acetate is not an adverse ion for daphnia.
These results on acetic anhydride have been publised by Bringmann, G., and R. Kuhn (1982) and used by the OECD SIDS program 1997.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 84.3 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.