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EC number: 202-414-9 | CAS number: 95-38-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Series on Testing and Assessment No. 23
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Physical state: yellow to brown, clear liquid
- Analytical purity: 96.6 %
- Batch No.: 05774HP8
- Storage condition of test material: The test substance was stored at ambient temperature - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for concentration control analysis were taken from each freshly prepared solution (0 h and 24 h) from additionally prepared test vessels without daphnids and at the end of each exposure interval (after approx. 24 h and 48 h) from all test vessels with mobile daphnids and the lowest concentration with 100% immobilisation.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The stock test solution (1 mg/L) was prepared by directly adding 2 mg of test substance to 2 L of test medium and stirring for approximately 1 day at 20 ± 2 °C. The lower test concentrations were prepared by dilution of this stock solution.
Before the dilution was performed, the stock solution was visually checked for complete dissolution of the test substance. The solution was further inspected for the presence of any undissolved test substance by observing the scatting of a laser light through the test solution (i.e. Tyndall effect). The stock solution was visibly colorless and clear and no scattering of laser light was observable. The test vessels were saturated with test solution for approx 1 day before the start of exposure. Fresh stock and test solutions were prepared daily. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: Originally from "Institut National de Recherche Chimique appliquee, France", and has been bred from 1978 in the Laboratories of BASF
- Age at study initiation: < 24 hours (at least 3rd brood progeny)
- Feeding during test: no
CULTURE CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light, 8 hours dark
- Culture media: synthetic fresh water (Elendt M4) prepared according to OECD 202
- Temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
- Diet: unicellular algae Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Feeding: Daily
- Renewal of the culture water: Twice weekly - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 2.48 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 19.4 - 19.8 °C
- pH:
- 7.7 - 7.8
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.5 - 8.9 mg/L
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal test concentrations: 0 (control), 0.046, 0.10, 0.22, 0.46, 1.00 mg/L (based on range-finding study)
- Mean measured test concentrations: --, 0.027, 0.064, 0.144, 0.326, 0.837 mg/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, nominal volume, fill volume: glass beakers, 50 ml, 50 mL
- Aeration: none
- Renewal rate of test solution: 24 h
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- Biomass loading rate: 0.1 animals/mL
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: A synthetic fresh water (Elendt M4) is used as media for culture and test purposes.
- Alkalinity: 0.90 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio: about 4 : 1
- Conductivity: 588 μS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH and oxygen content of the test solutions was measured after 0 h and 24 h (new test solutions) and after 24 h and 48 h (old test solutions) in replicate 1 of each tested concentration. Temperature was measured continuously.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light : 8 hours darkness
- Light intensity: about 168 – 594 lux at a wave length of 400 -750 nm
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: immobilization and abnormal behaviour and appearance after 0, 24 and 48 hours
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: yes
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: the 48 h EC50 was between 0.1 and 1.0 mg/L - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.163 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- 0.064 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 0.326 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (not specified)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of control: none
- Dissolution behaviour: no remarkable observations, clear test medium - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The EC50 (24h) of the reference substance potassium dichromate was 0.89 mg/L. Date of the last control experiment: 13 Apr 2010.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- study without analytical monitoring
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): (TK 10648)
- Physical state: liquid
- Analytical purity: comm. grade
- Batch No.: EN 46033.52
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: 0.1 g test substance was dissolved in and made up to 10 mL with DMF. This solution was diluted to 10 mg/L with water. - Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Source: Ciba-geigy Ltd., Facilities, Basle
- Age at study initiation: ≤ 24 h
- Feeding during test: none
BREEDING
- Culture vessel: glass vessels containing approx. 2.5 L of reconstituted water
- Temperature: 20 ± 1 °C
- Water renewal: partially thrice weekly
- Type and amount of food: suspension of green algae (Scenedesmus subspicatus) supplemented by a suspesnion of Tetramin-extract in such quantities that the food is consumed after 24 h - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 24 h
- Hardness:
- 240 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 20 ± 1 °C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 7.9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 90 - 95%
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal test concentrations: 0 (control), 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.58, 1.0 mg/L
- No analytical verification of test concentrations. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Beakers covered with watch glasses 100 mL solution per beaker
- Aeration: none
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: reconstitited water, aerated with clean air for at least 24 h before use
- Intervals of water quality measurement: oxygen, pH, temperature daily (in separate vessels at start of the test)
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light
- Light intensity: approx. 200 Lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mobility after 24 hours - Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.37 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 0.30 - 0.46 mg/L
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC0
- Effect conc.:
- < 0.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC100
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Immobilization in blank: 0%
- Immobilization in vehicle: 0%
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
The substance is acutely very toxic to aquatic invertebrates. The 48-h EC50 value is 0.163 mg/L in aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
The acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was determined in a study according to OECD TG 202 and OECD No. 23 (Aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures) that was in compliance with GLP criteria (BASF, 2010). In this study, daphnids (D. magna, 20 per concentration) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 0.046, 0.10, 0.22, 0.46 and 1.00 mg/L (test range based on range-finding study) for 48 hours under semi-static conditions (test medium renewal each 24 hours). Test concentrations were analytically verified; effect values are expressed as measured. No immobility was observed in the control. The 48-h EC50 value was determined at 0.163 mg/L (measured).
As supporting data a study is available that determined the toxicity to daphnids (Daphnia magna) according to OECD 202, where DMF was used as vehicle (BASF, 1988). Test organisms were exposed to nominal test concentrations of 0 (control), 0.10, 0.18, 0.32, 0.58, 1.0 mg/L for 24 hours. Test concentrations were not analytically verified. No immobility was observed in the control (blank) and vehicle control. Regarding the test substance, the 24-h EC50 was determined at 0.37 mg/L.
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