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EC number: 231-368-2 | CAS number: 7512-17-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 26 September 2019 - 24 October 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 019
- Report date:
- 2019
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 D (Ready Biodegradability: Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 835.3110 (Ready Biodegradability)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-E (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Closed Bottle Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine
- EC Number:
- 231-368-2
- EC Name:
- N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine
- Cas Number:
- 7512-17-6
- Molecular formula:
- C8H15NO6
- IUPAC Name:
- N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine
- Test material form:
- solid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Batch number: 0420171228
Provided by Sponsor.
Purity: 99.6%
Stored at room temperature and <70% relative humidity.
Protected from light and humidity in a tightly closed container.
Study design
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- sewage, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Secondary effluent, microorganisms from a domestic waste water treatment plant. The secondary effluent was supplied from the sewage plant for domestic sewage in Veszprém county, Hungary. The secondary effluent used for this study was allowed to settle approximately one hour, then the decanted effluent was aerated until use (not later than an hour).
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
Initial test substance concentration
- Initial conc.:
- >= 4.1 mg/L
- Based on:
- ThOD
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- - test carried out in an incubator (21-23 C) within a controlled environment room
- oxygen concentration was 8.8 mg/L at start of test. Oxygen measurements performed in duplicate every 7 days from day 0.
- oxygen measurements were taken using an oxygen meter with a stirring O2 electrode.
- Test temperature: 22 +/- 2C, measured on weekdays
- pH: test water 7.27
- BOD flasks were cleaned with 5 - 10 mL of a wash liquid (2.5 g iodine and 12.5 g potassium iodide per litre of 1 % w/v sulphuric acid) by shaking well to coat the bottle walls. Bottles were then rinsed with tap and deionised water.
- test item weighed directly into test vessel.
10 bottles containing the test item and inoculum
10 bottles containing the reference item and inoculum (procedure control) = Sodium benzoate
10 bottles containing only inoculum (inoculum control)
10 bottles containing the test item, reference item and inoculum (toxicity control)
- BOD was calculated by: (mgO2/L or test item and reference item - mg O2/L innoculum control) / (mg test item and reference item in flask)
- Biodegradation % was calculated by: BOD/ ThOD x 100
- ThOD (mg O2/ mg test item or reference item)
- % biodegradation, BOD and oxygen depletion were measured at 7, 14, 21 amd 28 days of exposure
- Dissolved oxygen concentration and oxidised nitrogen were measured at 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after exposure
Reference substance
- Reference substance:
- other: Sodium benzoate
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- A preliminary study was undertaken and % biodegradation was calculated at 7 and 14 days after exposure for the test item, reference item and toxicity control.
% Degradationopen allclose all
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- ca. 76.7
- Sampling time:
- 14 d
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- ca. 80.1
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The test item, N-Acetylacetyl-D-gGlucosamine, attained 76.7% biodegradation after 14 days, with 80.1% biodegradation achieved by the end of the 28 day study period. According to OECD Guideline 301D, the pass level for ready biodegradability is 60 % of ThOD within a 10-day window, with a 14-day window also acceptable for closed bottle test.
The reference item sodium benzoate was sufficiently degraded to a mean of 77.5 % after 14 days, and to a mean of 84.2 % after 28 days of incubation (based on ThOD) thus confirming the suitability of the used inoculum.
In the toxicity control containing both the test item N-acetyl-D-glucosamine and the reference item sodium benzoate, a mean of 53.8 % biodegradation was recorded within 14 days and a mean of 55.5 % biodegradation after 28 days of incubation.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Percentage Biodegradation at Different Time Intervals during the Exposure Period of 28 Days
Treatment |
Concentration |
Flask |
Percent of biodegradation after n days of exposure |
|||
|
[mg/L] |
No. |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
Test item |
|
1a |
55.6 |
75.9 |
76.7 |
79.2 |
4.1 |
1b |
57.5 |
77.6 |
76.7 |
80.9 |
|
|
mean |
56.6 |
76.7 |
76.7 |
80.1 |
|
Reference item |
|
2a |
74.7 |
78.3 |
80.8 |
85.0 |
3.6 |
2b |
70.7 |
76.7 |
80.8 |
83.3 |
|
|
mean |
72.7 |
77.5 |
80.8 |
84.2 |
|
Toxicity control |
Test item: 4.1 |
4a |
54.4 |
54.2 |
54.6 |
55.1 |
4b |
53.5 |
53.4 |
55.5 |
55.9 |
||
mean |
53.9 |
53.8 |
55.1 |
55.5 |
Dissolved Oxygen Concentrations at Different Time Intervals during the Exposure Period of 28 Days
Treatment |
Concentration |
Flask |
mg O2/L after n days of exposure |
||||
[mg/L] |
No. |
0 |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
|
Test item |
|
1a |
8.30 |
4.72 |
3.20 |
3.00 |
2.80 |
4.1 |
1b |
8.40 |
4.71 |
3.20 |
3.10 |
2.80 |
|
|
mean |
8.350 |
4.715 |
3.200 |
3.050 |
2.800 |
|
Reference item |
|
2a |
8.60 |
3.84 |
3.30 |
3.00 |
2.70 |
3.6 |
2b |
8.50 |
3.98 |
3.30 |
2.90 |
2.70 |
|
|
mean |
8.550 |
3.910 |
3.300 |
2.950 |
2.700 |
|
Inoculum control |
– |
3a |
8.60 |
8.28 |
7.90 |
7.90 |
7.80 |
3b |
8.50 |
8.26 |
8.00 |
7.70 |
7.70 |
||
mean |
8.550 |
8.270 |
7.950 |
7.800 |
7.750 |
||
Toxicity control |
Test item: 4.1 |
4a |
8.30 |
1.50 |
1.20 |
1.00 |
0.90 |
4b |
8.30 |
1.61 |
1.30 |
0.90 |
0.80 |
||
mean |
8.300 |
1.555 |
1.250 |
0.950 |
0.850 |
Oxygen Depletion at Different Time Intervals during the Exposure Period of 28 Days
Treatment |
Concentration |
Flask |
mg O2/L after n days of exposure |
|||
[mg/L] |
No. |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
|
Test item |
4.1 |
1a |
3.30 |
4.50 |
4.55 |
4.70 |
1b |
3.41 |
4.60 |
4.55 |
4.80 |
||
Reference item |
3.6 |
2a |
4.48 |
4.70 |
4.85 |
5.10 |
2b |
4.24 |
4.60 |
4.85 |
5.00 |
||
Toxicity control |
Test item: 4.1 |
4a |
6.52 |
6.50 |
6.55 |
6.60 |
4b |
6.41 |
6.40 |
6.65 |
6.70 |
Total Oxidised Nitrogen at concentrations at Different Time Intervals during the Exposure Period of 28 Days
Treatment |
Concentration |
Flask |
mg total oxidised N per litre after n days of exposure |
||||
[mg/L] |
No. |
0 |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
|
Test item |
4.1 |
1a |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
1b |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
||
Inoculum control |
– |
3a |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
3b |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
||
Toxicity control |
Test item: 4.1 |
4a |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
4b |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
< LOQ |
LOQ: 4.43 mg NO3/mL; LOQ: 0.03 mg NO2/mL;(< LOQ: below the quantification level)
Equipment: Lovibond Maxidirect Photometer using Nitrite LR tablet reagent and Vario NitraX Reagent Set.
BOD at Different Time Intervals during the Exposure Period of 28 Days
Treatment |
Concentration |
Flask |
BOD after n days of exposure |
|||
[mg/L] |
No. |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
|
Test item |
4.1 |
1a |
0.80 |
1.10 |
1.11 |
1.15 |
1b |
0.83 |
1.12 |
1.11 |
1.17 |
||
Reference item |
3.6 |
2a |
1.24 |
1.31 |
1.35 |
1.42 |
2b |
1.18 |
1.28 |
1.35 |
1.39 |
||
Toxicity control |
Test item: 4.1 |
4a |
0.85 |
0.84 |
0.85 |
0.86 |
4b |
0.83 |
0.83 |
0.86 |
0.87 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The test item, N-Acetylacetyl-D-gGlucosamine, attained 76.7% biodegradation after 14 days, with 80.1% biodegradation achieved by the end of the 28 day study period. According to OECD Guideline 301D, the pass level for ready biodegradability is 60 % of ThOD within a 10-day window, with a 14-day window also acceptable for closed bottle test.
Therefore N-Aacetyl-D-gGlucosamine can be considered to be readily biodegradable.
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