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EC number: 205-613-9 | CAS number: 144-02-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to reproduction: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to reproduction: other studies
- Remarks:
- THE EFFECTS OF BARBITURATES ON THE BEHAVIOR OF RAT OFFSPRING
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- other information
- Study period:
- 1952
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- THE EFFECTS OF BARBITURATES ON THE BEHAVIOR OF RAT OFFSPRING AS MEASURED IN LEARNING AND REASONING SITUATIONS
- Author:
- STEWART G. ARMITAGE
- Year:
- 1 952
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology. Vol. 45, Pg. 146, 1952
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Barbital sodium
- EC Number:
- 205-613-9
- EC Name:
- Barbital sodium
- Cas Number:
- 144-02-5
- Molecular formula:
- C8H11N2O3.Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium 5,5-diethyl-4,6-dioxo-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidin-2-olate
- Test material form:
- not specified
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Twenty-one females of the same age were selected from the laboratory colony and mated with five males. Nineteen and one-half days after breeding they were divided into subgroups and sodium barbital was administered. The normals received the same treatment as the experimental except that sterile saline solution was injected in place of the drug. The mean parturition time for both groups was 21.3 days with a range from 20.8 to 21.4 days. No difficult or prolonged deliveries were noted, and all deaths which did occur were a consequence of the drug dosage. After 21 days all the young were weaned. To prevent dietary deficiencies, the animals were given a
special food. The food association was started when the animals were 90 days old. For this purpose a small, simple, eight-unit T-maze was used. When the training had been completed, the rats were transferred to the experimental apparatus.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: injection, not further specified
- Vehicle:
- other: sterile saline
- Details on exposure:
- Nineteen and one-half days after breeding rats were divided into subgroups and sodium barbital was administered (25 mg, 30 mg, 35 mg, 40 mg). The normals received the same treatment as the experimental except that sterile saline solution was injected in place of thedrug.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- single administration, nineteen and one-half days after breeding
- Frequency of treatment:
- single administration, nineteen and one-half days after breeding
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 125 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- An amount of 25 mg sodium barbital was administred. Body weight was not specified. Rat weight according to RTECS: 200 mg
- Dose / conc.:
- 150 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- An amount of 30 mg sodium barbital was administred. Body weight was not specified. Rat weight according to RTECS: 200 mg
- Dose / conc.:
- 175 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- An amount of 35 mg sodium barbital was administred. Body weight was not specified. Rat weight according to RTECS: 200 mg
- Dose / conc.:
- 200 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Remarks:
- An amount of 40 mg sodium barbital was administred. Body weight was not specified. Rat weight according to RTECS: 200 mg
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 125 mg/kg bw (total dose): 2 females (nineteen and one-half days after breeding)
150 mg/kg bw (total dose): 5 females (nineteen and one-half days after breeding)
175 mg/kg bw (total dose): 4 females (nineteen and one-half days after breeding)
200 mg/kg bw (total dose): 5 females (nineteen and one-half days after breeding) - Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- Twenty-one females of the same age were selected from the laboratory colony and mated with five males. Nineteen and one-half days after breeding they were divided into subgroups and sodium barbital was administered. The normals received the same treatment as the experimental except that sterile saline solution was injected in place of the drug. The mean parturition time for both groups was 21.3 days with a range from 20.8 to 21.4 days. No difficult or prolonged deliveries were noted, and all deaths which did occur were a consequence of the drug dosage. After 21 days all the young were weaned. To prevent dietary deficiencies, the animals were given a special food. The food association was started when the animals were 90 days old. For this purpose a small, simple, eight-unit T-maze was used.
When the training had been completed, the rats were transferred to the experimental apparatus. The two mazes were presented first, followed by the reasoning problem. A single trial was given in the mazes for the first two periods and then 3 trials were given per night until (a) a criterion of 5 perfect out of any 6 consecutive trials had been reached, or (b) 100 trials had been completed.
Results and discussion
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- dose level: lowest dose to produce effect
- Effect level:
- 125 mg/kg bw (total dose)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect level:
- behaviour (functional findings)
Observed effects
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Sodium barbital had a definite effect upon the behavior (reduced ability in the learning and reasoning situations) of the offspring.
- Executive summary:
Varying dosages of sodium barbital (125, 150, 175, 200 mg/kg bw total dose) were given to pregnant female rats prior to parturition. The offspring were tested in two mazes and a reasoning situation. It was found that sodium barbital had a definite effect upon the behavior of the offspring. Animals that had a drug background, when compared to those without the drug, were found to have reduced ability in the learning and reasoning situations employed in this study.
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