Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 220-278-9 | CAS number: 2698-41-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Acute Toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1978
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- The Comparative Acute Mammalian Toxicity of l-Chloroacetophenone (CN) and 2-Chlorobenzylidene Malononitrile (CS)
- Author:
- B. Ballantyne and D. W. Swanston
- Year:
- 1 978
- Bibliographic source:
- Archhees of TOXICOLOGY 40, 75-95 (1978)
- Reference Type:
- review article or handbook
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 990
- Report date:
- 1990
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- For the acute oral toxicity studies with CN and CS in PEG 300, the solutions were introduced into the stomach through gum elastic catheters with the aid of a syringe attached to one end of the catheter. All animals that died and 3-week survivors from the acute oral and parenteral studies were submitted to post mortem examination and the following tissues removed for histological examination: lung, liver, kidney, adrenal, stomach, small intestine, gonad, thymus, and spleen.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- [(2-chlorophenyl)methylene]malononitrile
- EC Number:
- 220-278-9
- EC Name:
- [(2-chlorophenyl)methylene]malononitrile
- Cas Number:
- 2698-41-1
- Molecular formula:
- C10H5ClN2
- IUPAC Name:
- [(2-chlorophenyl)methylene]malononitrile
- Reference substance name:
- Ethane-1,2-diol
- EC Number:
- 203-473-3
- EC Name:
- Ethane-1,2-diol
- Cas Number:
- 107-21-1
- Molecular formula:
- C2H6O2
- IUPAC Name:
- ethylene glycol
Constituent 1
Constituent 2
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- CS was purified by differential crystalization from ethanol, and its purity checked by determination of melting point. For oral toxicity, polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG 300) was used as solvent.
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Remarks:
- Porton
- Sex:
- male/female
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- polyethylene glycol
- Details on oral exposure:
- the solutions were introduced into the stomach through gum elastic catheters with the aid of a syringe attached to one end of the catheter.
- Doses:
- Male : 500-1590 mg/kg
Female : 629-1588 mg/kg - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Not specified
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Statistics:
- L(ct)50 and LDs0 values together with 95% confidence limits and slopes of regression lines were computed from the dosage-mortality data by probit analysis using a Fortran computer programme. The programme allows calculation of the weighted linear regression of probit-response on log-dose using the maximum likelihood procedure
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- Yes, but not detailed
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Key result
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- >= 1 284 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 1 184 - <= 1 779
- Key result
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- ca. 1 366 mg/kg bw
- Based on:
- test mat.
- 95% CL:
- >= 1 184 - <= 1 531
- Mortality:
- Animals that died had multiple extensive haemorrhagic erosions of the gastric mucosa, particularly in the body of the stomach, with perforation of the wall in a few animals. In the latter cases there was increased peritoneal fluid present and, in those surviving for several days, intra-abdominal adhesions. The gastric mucosa and submucosawas congested and oedematous over fairly wide areas. Congestion of spleen,thymus, small intestine and lung was frequently observed. In a few instances thesmall intestinal villi were congested and there was necrosis of their tips. The kidneysfrom a few animals showed small foci of acute cortical tubular necrosis. Survivors sacrificed 3 weeks after dosing showed areas of regeneration of the gastric mucosaand occasional adhesions between small intestine and liver or parietal peritoneum
- Other findings:
- Toxic signs, in the form of pilo-erection, increased salivation and tremor, appeared within 2-4 h of dosing. These signs were followed by rapid shallow breathing and reduced locomotion. Abdominal tension and scouring were frequently observed. Depending on the dosage, survivors recovered within 2--10 days. Animals that died showed a continual deterioration in their general state of health and death occurred between 4 h and 7 days after dosing, the majority of deaths occurring within the first 24 h. Death was preceeded by increasing difficulty with breathing, convulsions and collapse; a few animals had a diarrhoea-like condition.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 3 based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- In an acute oral study in rats, Ballantyne and Swanston (1978) reported the LD50 of 1366 mg/kg in males and 1284 mg/kg in females
- Executive summary:
In an acute oral study in rats, Ballantyne and Swanston (1978) reported the LD50 of 1366 mg/kg in males and 1284 mg/kg in females
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.