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EC number: 230-636-6 | CAS number: 7235-40-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Melting point / freezing point
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- melting point/freezing point
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Experimental starting date: 12 January 2018 Experimental completion date: 08 March 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method A.1 (Melting / Freezing Temperature)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Type of method:
- differential scanning calorimetry
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- β,β-carotene
- EC Number:
- 230-636-6
- EC Name:
- β,β-carotene
- Cas Number:
- 7235-40-7
- Molecular formula:
- C40H56
- IUPAC Name:
- β,β-carotene
- Details on test material:
- Identification: Beta-Carotene
Appearance/Physical state: brown-red crystalline powder
Lot No: WC01607211
Purity: 100.4% by UV Assay (USP 851)
97.4% by LC Method (USP 621)
Expiry date: 19 July 2018
Storage conditions: Approx. 4 °C, in the dark, under nitrogen
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Melting / freezing point
- Melting / freezing pt.:
- 174 °C
- Decomposition:
- yes
- Decomp. temp.:
- 240 °C
Any other information on results incl. tables
ThermographicData
ThermalEvent |
Interpretation |
Temperature (°C) |
|||||
Det 1 |
Det 2 |
Det 3 |
Det 4 |
Det 5 |
Det 6 |
||
Endotherm |
Onset of melting |
164.77 |
163.51 |
166.76 |
167.83 |
163.06 |
162.02 |
Extrapolated onset of melting |
180.97 |
180.90 |
173.88 |
174.02 |
181.50 |
181.36 |
|
n/a |
Loss in mass of original weight |
62% |
60% |
2% |
2% |
65% |
64% |
After heating, Determinations 7 to 9 had lost approximately 5%, 0% and 59% of their original weight respectively.
Mean melting temperature (Determinations 3and 4): 174 ± 0.5 °C (447 ± 0.5K)
Discussion
The main endothermic event was considered to be related to the test item melting. This occurred at 174°C when the heating rate was 5 °C/min but at a slightly higher temperature of 181 °C when the heating rate was at a higher rate of 20 °C/min.
To investigate whether this was a definitive melting point for the test item, Determination 7 incorporated the test item being heated so that it melted, cooled to solidify and then heated again. However, when heated for a second time there was no repeat of the phase change. On the chance that the test item had not solidified on cooling, a second procedure was performed that left the sample over night at ambient temperature to give enough time to solidify. The following day the sample was reheated. This second procedure is shown in Determinations 8 and 9. Again, no melting endotherm was observed on re-heating.
The above investigative work indicated, even though the test item melted, that the test item must have undergone decomposition or reaction before or during the melting phase. As only a small amount of the original sample weights were lost up to 190 °C and 220 °C, it suggests signification decomposition had not occurred. In contrast, following the melting phase the test item underwent decomposition which accounted for approx. 60% loss in weight. This was evident in the thermograms by an exotherm event which started from approx. 240 °C.
Additionally, there is a small exothermic event in Determinations 1, 2, and 5 to 8 that starts from approx. 50 °C.
Similar thermographic profiles were obtained using air and nitrogen atmospheres. This suggested that the decomposition was probably thermal and not oxidative.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The test item has been determined to melt at 174 ± 0.5 °C (447 ± 0.5 K). However, decomposition or a reaction occurred prior to and/or during the melting. Significant decomposition occurred from approx. 240 °C (513 K).
- Executive summary:
Melting/Freezing Point.174 ± 0.5 °C (447 ± 0.5 K), by differential scanning calorimetry, designed to be compatible with Method A.1 Melting/Freezing Temperature of Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008 and Method 102 of the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, 27 July 1995. However, decomposition or a reaction occurred prior to and/or during the melting. Significant decomposition occurred from approx. 240 °C (513 K).
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