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EC number: 944-399-8 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to reproduction
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- reproductive toxicity, other
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- fertility, other
- Remarks:
- 28 days repeated dose study with histopathology of reproductive organs
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1985
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity in Rodents)
- Version / remarks:
- An in-house protocol based on OECD Guideline 407
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- OTHER SPECIFICS: Tradename Lanette 16
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Weight at study initiation: M 84-98 g; F 81-93g - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- olive oil
- Details on exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
- Total volume applied: 5 mL/kg
- Doses: 0, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day
VEHICLE (olive oil)
- Concentration in vehicle: 0, 2, 10 or 20% - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 27-28 days exposure (5 days/week)
- Frequency of treatment:
- dilay (5 days/week)
- Dose / conc.:
- 100 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 500 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10M+10F per dose level plus 5M+5F per dose level for reversibility.
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: Yes / No / No data
- Time schedule:
- Cage side observations checked in table [No.?] were included.
CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Daily. Mortality: Daily
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Weekly
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study): Daily
WATER CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if drinking water study): Weekly
OTHER:
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: At end of study
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: After 21/22 daily doses
- Parameters examined: Haematocrit, MCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, Thrombocytes, differential white count.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: After 21/22 daily doses
- Parameters examined: Serum Urea, creatinine, Na, K, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, ALAT, ASAT, GT, bilirubin, chloride, albumin, total protein, cholesterol.
URINALYSIS: No - Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
- SACRIFICE
- Male animals: All surviving animals [describe when, e.g. as soon as possible after the last litters in each generation were produced.]
- Maternal animals: All surviving animals [describe when, e.g. after the last litter of each generation was weaned.]
GROSS NECROPSY
- Gross necropsy consisted of [external and internal examinations including the cervical, thoracic, and abdominal viscera.]
HISTOPATHOLOGY / ORGAN WEIGHTS
The tissues indicated in Table [#] were prepared for microscopic examination and weighed, respectively. - Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1.
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1.
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1.
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Water consumption was not affected.
- Ophthalmological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1.
- Haematological findings:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Haematological parameters were not affected.
See chapter 7.5.1. - Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1.
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Reproductive tissues from the control and top dose animals (1000 mg/kg/day were examined histopathologically. In females examination of the ovaries, uterus and vagina and in males histopathological examination of the testes and prostate showed no difference between treated and control groups.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- ca. 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: highest dose tested
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- ca. 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: Higest dose recevied
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Reproductive effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The NOAEL for effects on the reproductive organs was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day.
- Executive summary:
Groups of 10M+10F Sprague-Dawley rats received daily doses of 0, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kd Lanette 16 by gavage for 28 days. Full details of this study are reported in Chapter 7.5.1 Repeated dose toxicity: oral.
The testes and ovaries were weighed and these organs plus the prostate, uterus and vagina from all control and top dose animals were subject to histopathological examination.
There were no deaths among the test animals. Food intake, water consumption, body weight, organ weight, and haematological parameters were not affected.
The absolute and relative organ weights of the ovary and testes were determined and were comparable to controls.
Reproductive tissues from the control and top dose animals (1000 mg/kg/day) were examined histopathologically. In females examination of the ovaries, uterus and vagina and in males histopathological examination of the testes and prostate showed no difference between treated and control groups. The NOAEL for effects on the reproductive organs was considered to be 1000 mg/kg/day.
(Reference: Henkel KGaA. 1985a. Lanette 16: 28-Tage-Test mit wiederholter oraler Verabreichung an Ratten.November 1985.Report No. TBD 850499. With pathology report No. 840394)
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- reproductive toxicity, other
- Remarks:
- Repeat dose study with histopathology of reproductive organs
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1966
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- no guideline available
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The results were reported to USEPA in accordance with TSCA 8(e).
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- OTHER SPECIFICS: Tradename Alfol 16
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: Charles River
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: : Actual age not reported, described as young.
- Weight at study initiation: M 103.8 g; F 90.4 g - Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 13 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily in diet
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 other: %
- Remarks:
- for 13 weeks. Actual dose received: M 723 mg/kg/day; F875 mg/kg/day
- Dose / conc.:
- 2.5 other: %
- Remarks:
- for 13 weeks. Actual dose received: M1822 mg/kg, day; F 2064 mg/kg/day
- Dose / conc.:
- 5 other: %
- Remarks:
- for 10 weeks , then 7.5% (week 11) and 10.0 % (weeks 12 & 13). Actual dose received: M 4257 mg/kg/day; F4567 mg/kg/day
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10M + 10F per test group, 20M + 20 F controls.
- Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Daily (5 days/week). Mortality: Daily (5 days/week) - Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes. Complete necropsy performed, organ weights measured were brain,thyroid, heart, liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenals, ovaries & testes.
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes. Tissues fixed: brain, thyroid, parathyroid, heart, lung, liver, spleen, stomach, small & large intestine, pancreas, kidney, urinary bladder, adrenals, ovaries, testes, lymph node,bone, bone marrow, muscle. All tissues from 5M+5F high dose and control animals were examined. - Statistics:
- The original report indicates that a Chi square test was carried out on the organ:bodyweight ratio. It is not clear what statistical methods were used (if they were) for body weights, food consumption & haematological parameters. Subsequently The Weinberg Group Inc. used Tukeys test to re-analyse the organ weight data.
- Clinical signs:
- not specified
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Significantly reduced (84.7 - 89.8% of controls) in top dose males for most study weeks, in mid dose females at weeks 4-13 and high dose females (81.7-89.7%) throughout the study. Changes were attributed at least in part to reduced food consumption and the high content of test material in the diet.
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Significantly reduced (76.4 - 89.2% of controls) in top dose males at weeks 1 and 12, in mid dose males at week 13, in mid dose females at week 1 and high dose females weeks 1 and 12 (79.1 - 89.9% of controls).
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment related histopathological changes in the control and top dose animals examined (including testes & ovaries).
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 822 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: highest dose level tested
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 4 567 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: highest dose level tested
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- 1 882 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: highest dose level tested
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- 4 567 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: highest dose level tested
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Reproductive effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- The NOAEL for effects on the male reproductive organs can be considered as a dietary concentration of 2.5% (ca 2000 mg/kg/day) the NOAEL for the female reproductive organs is the highest dose level (ca 4000 mg/kg/day). Actual dose levels achieved at respective NOAELs, males 1822 mg/kg/day and females 4567 mg/kg/day.
- Executive summary:
In a 13 week dietary feeding study in rats 10 male and 10 female rats per dose group (20 M and 20 F as controls) were dosed with Alfol 16 at dose levels of 1.0, 2.5 and 5% in the diet. The 5% dose was increased to 7.5% in week 11 and 10% in weeks 12 and 13.
At termination, all animals were necropsied and tissues from 5 males and 5 females (including gonads) of the high dose group and a similar number of controls were examined histopathologically. Testes and ovary weights were recorded together with other organ weights.
None of the animals displayed overt signs of intoxication due to oral exposure to hexadecanol during the 13 weeks of the experiment. Food consumption and body weights differed significantly for both males and females at various times in the intermediate and high dose levels. The relative testes weights were increased over control levels in all treatment groups reaching signficance in the low and high group according to the study report. The organ weight data were reanalysed by the Weinberg Associates using a Tukey test when significance was attained only at the high dose level. There were no significant changes in ovary weight. Histopathological examination revealed no treatment related changes in the ovaries or testes. The NOAEL for effects on the male reproductive organs can be considered as a dietary concentration of 2.5% (ca 2000 mg/kg/day) the NOAEL for the female reproductive organs is the highest dose level (ca 4000 mg/kg/day). Actual dose levels achieved at respective NOAELs, males 1822 mg/kg/day and females 4567 mg/kg/day.
(Reference: Scientific Associates, Inc. 1966a. Exhibit II. Final report on thirteen-week subacute feeding of Alfol 6 and Alfol 16 to rats.)
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- reproductive toxicity, other
- Remarks:
- Combined repeat dose and Reproductive/Developmental screening study.
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1992
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Draft OECD 422 combined repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- OTHER SPECIFICS: Octadecanol (112-92-5) (99% pure)
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Age at study initiation: 8 (males) - 9 (females) weeks at start of exposure - Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Vehicle:
- other: diet
- Details on mating procedure:
- - M/F ratio per cage: 1M+1F caged together
- Proof of pregnancy: vaginal plug. Inspection for vaginal plugs thrice daily.
- After 14 days of unsuccessful pairing replacement of first male by another male for 8 days. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- males 45 days, females up to 54 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily
- Dose / conc.:
- 0 ppm
- Remarks:
- 0 mg/kg bw/day
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 500 ppm
- Remarks:
- ca. 100 mg/kg bw/day. Males: 99.25 mg/kg/day (mean of values reported for 2 weeks prior to matingand 3 weeks after mating). Females: 120 mg/kg/day (mean of values reported 2 weeks prior tomating)
- Dose / conc.:
- 7 500 ppm
- Remarks:
- ca. 500 mg/kg bw/day. Males: 500.25 mg/kg/day (mean of values reported for 2 weeks prior to mating and 3 weeks after mating). Females: 625 mg/kg/day (mean of values reported 2 weeks prior to mating)
- Dose / conc.:
- 30 000 ppm
- Remarks:
- ca. 2000 mg/kg bw/day. Males: 2146.5 mg/kg/day (mean of values reported for 2 weeks prior to mating and 3 weeks after mating) Females: 2435.5 mg/kg/day (mean of values reported 2 weeks prior to mating)
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 12
- Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: Daily. Mortality: Daily (Chapter 7.5.1)
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: Weekly (Chapter 7.5.1)
FOOD CONSUMPTION AND COMPOUND INTAKE (if feeding study): Weekly (except during mating)
OTHER: See Chapter 7.5.1
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
URINALYSIS: No.
- Oestrous cyclicity (parental animals):
- Exposure was for 14 days premating covering at least 2 oestrous cycles. Ovaries were weighed and examined histopathologically at section (5 days after birth).
- Sperm parameters (parental animals):
- Exposure 14 days premating, no specific sperm analyses carried out, the testes & epididymes were weighed and examined histopathologically.
- Postmortem examinations (parental animals):
- - Organ weights P: liver, kidneys, thymus, testis, epididymes.
- Histopathology P: liver, kidneys, adrenals, brain, heart, spleen, ovaries, thymus, testes, epididymides and any organs showing abnormality on macroscopic examination were fixed. The above tissues from all controls and top dose treated rats (except the thymus) plus abnormalities were examined.
- Macroscopic P: Full macroscopic examination. - Postmortem examinations (offspring):
- Offspring (and dams) were sacrificed on postnatal day 5 and the pups were weighed and examined for external malformations than sexed and examined for internal malformations.
- Statistics:
- Analysis of variance followed if significant differences were established by Dunnetts T-test to assess possible intergroup differences. For pregnancy rate a Qui2-test was carried out to confirm lack of significance.
- Reproductive indices:
- Pregancy rate, length of gestation, implantations, corpora lutea and resorptions were recorded.
- Offspring viability indices:
- Post natal survival until day 5
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Description (incidence):
- See chapter 7.5.1
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- See chapter 7.5.1
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- The significance of changes in plasma free cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose is unclear, the changes were observed at all doses levels but were not dose related. They may be related to differences in dietary composition.
See chapter 7.5.1. - Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- There were no treatment related histopathological changes including no effects in the testes and ovaries.
- Reproductive function: oestrous cycle:
- not specified
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Ovarian primordial follicle counts: Not reported
Changes in lactation: Not reported
Changes in estrus cycles: Not reported - Description (incidence and severity):
- Effects on sperm: Not reported
- Reproductive performance:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- - Number of implantations: No significant differences in the numbers of implantations between treated and control groups.
Mean 13 in controls and low dose, 15 in mid and high dose groups.
Resorptions mean for controls and low dose 0, for mid and high dose 1.
- Number of corpora lutea: No significant differences between treated and control groups (mean controls 13, low and mid dose 14, high dose 15). - Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- ca. 2 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: There were no statistically significant adverse effects on reproductive parameters .
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Post natal survival until day 5: Similar in treated and control groups
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Litter size and weights: No effect of treatment (mean liter size 11.73, 10.0, 13.6 and 13.38 for controls, low, mid and high dose respectively).
Litter weights day 1 mean 69, 61, 75 and 75 g; Day 4 mean 96, 84, 101 and 101g for controls, low, mid and high dose respectively) - Description (incidence and severity):
- - Sex and sex ratios: No treatment related effects.
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- ca. 2 000 mg/kg bw/day (actual dose received)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: highest dose tested
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Reproductive effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- Parental NOAEL 2000 mg/kg/day changes in plasma free cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were observed at all doses levels but were not dose related and may be due to differences in dietary composition. There were no statistically significant adverse effects on reproductive parameters and the NOAEL for reproductive and developmental effects can be considered as 2000 mg/kg/day (highest dose level).
- Executive summary:
1-Octadenol was administered to groups of 12 male and 12 female Wistar rats in the diet for 45 days (males) and ca. 54 days (females) according to the Draft OECD 422 combined repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test.
Mortality and clinical signs were observed daily; body weight was observed weekly; food consumption was observed weekly (except during mating). Haematology and clinical chemistry were examined at day 37 in males only. Full necropsy was performed on all animals. Histopathological examination was carried out on all control and top dose animals plus any obvious lesions observed at necrospy. Organs examined were liver, kidneys, adrenals, brain, heart, spleen, ovaries or testes and epididymes.
Organ weights were recorded for liver, kidneys, thymus (females) liver, kidney, thymus, testes, epididymes (males).
There were no mortalities and no clinical signs reported.
There were no significant changes in body weight or body weight gain in the 3 weeks prior to mating for both sexes or in males after mating.
Food consumption was significantly increased in top dose males (p<0.001) and in mid dose females (p<0.05) at week 3. There were no other differences in food consumption or food conversion efficiency.
There were significant (but non-dose related) differences in free cholesterol (increased) and triglycerides (decreased) at all dose levels. Total cholesterol levels were not significantly increased. Plasma glucose was elevated with statistical significance in the low and mid-dose groups; only males were examined.
There were no statistically significant differences in haematology between treated and control groups (males only examined).
Gross pathology and histopathology were unremarkable.
There was no statistically significant difference in pregnancy rates (confirmed using a Qui2-test) although they were reduced in treated groups (C: 92%, 100 & 500 mg/kg: 75%, 2000 mg/kg/day: 67%). These pregnancy rates were within the normal historical control range according to the authors (actual historical control data not presented).
There were no significant differences in the number of implantations or resorptions between treated and control groups.
There were no significant differences in the number of corpora lutea between treated and control groups.
There was no effect of treatment on litter size and litter weights.
Parental NOAEL for systemic toxicity was 2000 mg/kg/day based on changes in plasma free cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose. These changes were observed at all doses levels but were not dose related and may be due to differences in dietary composition.
There were no statistically significant adverse effects on reproductive parameters and the NOAEL for reproductive and developmental effects can be considered as 2000 mg/kg/day (highest dose level).
(Reference: Hansen, E. 1992b. Combined repeat dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test on 1-octadecanol in rats. : of, National Food Agency, IT 911130.)
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
Reference
- Endpoint:
- reproductive toxicity, other
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1981
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other:
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Short description of test conditions:
The author studied possible effects on male fertility in Swiss albino mice after oral dosing via diet.
10 animals per dose group were dosed a.) with 1000 mg/kg bw/d over 2 weeks and fertility was assessed over the ensuing 3 week period or b.) with 100 mg/kg bw/d over 6 weeks to ensure that germ cells could be exposed to interference at any stage of development. 1, 2 or 3 weeks p.a. 6 animals of each group were paired. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- Swiss
- Sex:
- male
- Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 2 weeks or 6 weeks
- Frequency of treatment:
- continuously via diet
- Dose / conc.:
- 1 other: % in diet
- Remarks:
- corresponds to 1000 mg/kg bw/d; 2 weeks exposure test
- Dose / conc.:
- 0.1 other: % in diet
- Remarks:
- corresponds to 100 mg/kg bw/d; 6 weeks exposure test
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes
- Details on study design:
- a.) with 1000 mg/kg bw/d over 2 weeks and fertility was assessed over the ensuing 3 week period or
b.) with 100 mg/kg bw/d over 6 weeks to ensure that germ cells could be exposed to interference at any stage of development.
1, 2 or 3 weeks p.a. 6 animals of each group were paired. - Parental animals: Observations and examinations:
- BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Body weight and weight changes:
- effects observed, non-treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Male mice fed diets containing 100 mg/kg bw/d for 6 weeks or 1000 mg/kg bw/d for 2 weeks experienced no impairment of epididymal spermatozoa, although at the highest dose the animals suffered a significant reduction of average body weight. At the highest dose level of 1000 mg/kg bw/d body weights were significantly decreased.
- Reproductive performance:
- no effects observed
- Description (incidence and severity):
- At the highest dose level of 1000 mg/kg bw/d body weights were significantly decreased, while the treatment caused no adverse effects on fertility (i.e. impairment of epididymal spermatozoa).
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: no adverse effects on fertility (i.e. impairment of epididymal spermatozoa)
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Generation:
- F1
- Effect level:
- 25 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: no adverse effects on fertility (i.e. impairment of epididymal spermatozoa)
- Critical effects observed:
- no
- Reproductive effects observed:
- no
- Conclusions:
- Sodium dodecyl sulphate has no adverse effect on fertility, even when administered at concentrations sufficient to cause a significant reduction in body weight. A NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw/d was derived for this endpoint, using the following parameters: 25 g mice body weight and 2.5 g diet consumed per day.
- Executive summary:
The IUCLID dataset of C12-Alkylsulfate (CAS 151-21-3) in the OECD SIDS Initial Assessment Profile on Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) describes the following Klimisch 2 study. Sodium dodecyl sulphate was administered to 10 male Swiss mice per dose group. The male mice were fed diets containing 100 mg/kg bw/d for 6 weeks or 1000 mg/kg bw/d for 2 weeks.
At the highest dose level of 1000 mg/kg bw/d body weights were significantly decreased, while the treatment caused no adverse effects on fertility (i.e. impairment of epididymal spermatozoa). Keeping in mind that the LOAEL for repeated dose toxicity for rats lies between 300 and 600 mg kg/day, the observed reduction in body weight is probably caused by the systemic toxicity of the substance.
In UNEP OECD SIDSInitial Assessment Report: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate(1997), a NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg and day was derived for this endpoint, using the following parameters: 25 g mice body weight and 2.5 g diet consumed per day.
Reference: Hemsworth BN (1981) Male mouse fertility after ingestion of spermicidal detergents. Soc Occup Med 9, 243 – 244.
UNEP (1997) OECD SIDS Initial Assessment Report: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate, http://www.chem.unep.ch/irptc/sids/OECDSIDS/151213.htm.
Data source
Materials and methods
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sulfuric acid, C16-C18 (even numbered) alkyl esters, sodium salts and C16-18 (even numbered) alcohols
- EC Number:
- 944-399-8
- Cas Number:
- not yet assigned
- Molecular formula:
- see information in structural formula
- IUPAC Name:
- Sulfuric acid, C16-C18 (even numbered) alkyl esters, sodium salts and C16-18 (even numbered) alcohols
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Results: P0 (first parental generation)
Effect levels (P0)
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Remarks:
- oral in rats
- Effect level:
- >= 1 357
- Based on:
- act. ingr.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- reproductive performance
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- When the NOAEL of the target substance was calculated by concentration addition based on the general equation as presented in the CLP regulation on mixtures (2008), based on NOAEL values of the components (C16 and C18 LCOH, C12 AS as worst case), this resulted in an oral reproductive NOAEL of at least 1357 mg/kg bw in rats; this is higher than the systemic NOAEL. It can therefore be concluded that the oral reproductive NOAEL of the registered substance is at least 1357 mg/kg bw).
- Executive summary:
When the NOAEL of the target substance was calculated by concentration addition based on the general equation as presented in the CLP regulation on mixtures (2008), based on NOAEL values of the components (C16 and C18 LCOH, C12 AS as worst case), this resulted in an oral reproductive NOAEL of at least 1357 mg/kg bw in rats; this is higher than the systemic NOAEL. It can therefore be concluded that the oral reproductive NOAEL of the registered substance is at least 1357 mg/kg bw).
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