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EC number: 915-610-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 22 Jun - 20 Jul 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 17 Jul 1992
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- Staatliches Gewerbeaufsichtsamt Hildesheim, Germany (03 Jan 2017)
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Aqueous phase of non-adapted activated sludge from the Municipal sewage treatment plant, Hildesheim, Germany
- Storage conditions: Aerobic conditions by aeration with CO2-free air
- Storage length: 7 d (15 - 22 Jun 2017)
- Pretreatment: The activated sludge was washed twice with chlorine-free tap water. After the 2nd washing the settled sludge was resuspended in mineral salts medium and was maintained in aerobic conditions for 2 h. Then the sludge was homogenized with a blender. After sedimentation, the supernatant was decanted and stored.
- Concentration of sludge: 10 mL/L were used to initiate inoculation
- Initial cell concentration (colony forming units, CFU): 1.03 * 10^9 CFU/L (sludge); 1.03 * 10^7 CFU/L (test vessels)
- Other: The colony forming units (CFU) of the inoculum were determined before test start by standard dilution plate count. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 17 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Initial conc.:
- 50.3 other: mg O2/L
- Based on:
- ThOD
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: Mineral salts medium, according to OECD 301 F
- Test temperature: 20.0 - 20.6 °C (occasionally below 20 °C, i.e. 19.9 °C, for short periods)
- pH: 7.73 (test start), 7.68/7.69 (test end)
- Continuous darkness: Yes
- Other: Continuous stirring in an incubator
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 500 mL brown glass bottles filled with 250 mL test volume
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 each for inoculum control and test item, 1 each for functional control and toxicity control
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: Aeration of inoculum prior to test
- Measuring equipment: OxiTop measuring heads (WTW) and OC110 controller with software (Achat OC, WTW)
- Details of trap for CO2: A rubber sleeve filled with soda lime was hung into the opening of the bottles to absorb the evolved CO2.
- Other: Separate replicates of test item and toxicity control were prepared for measurement of the pH value at test start.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Oxygen consumption was determined directly in the incubation vessels by the OxiTop measuring system at 360 measuring points (every 112 min).
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: 250 mL inoculated test medium consisting of mineral medium stock solutions, ultrapure water and inoculum (2 replicates)
- Functional control: Reference item (45 mg/L; 75.2 mg O2/L) in 250 mL inoculated test medium (1 replicate)
- Toxicity control: 250 mL reference item medium consisting of reference item dissolved in inoculated test medium + 4.5 µL test item (1 replicate) - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Key result
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- 39
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- The mean of replicates reached the 10% level (beginning of biodegradation) on Day 11. The 60% pass level was not reached within the 28 d period of the study.
- Results with reference substance:
- The pass level for ready biodegradation (≥ 60% degradation) was reached within 3 d. The validity criterion that degradation should be ≥ 60% after 14 d was fulfilled.
Stages of biodegradation: The adaptation phase changed to degradation phase within 2 d (degradation > 10%) and biodegradation came to a maximum of 97% on Day 28. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- For further details please refer to “Any other information on results incl. tables”.
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- The substance is not readily biodegradable according to the available guideline study (39% in 28 d, OECD 301 F).
- Executive summary:
The ready biodegradability of the test item was assessed according to OECD 301 F and GLP. In the Manometric Respirometry Test, 17 mg/L test item (corresponding to 50.3 mg O2/L) was inoculated with non-adapted activated sludge for 28 d in the dark. Degradation was followed by measuring the evolution of oxygen concentrations and expressed as % biological oxygen demand (BOD, measured) of theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD, calculated). The mean biodegradation of the test item reached the 10% level (beginning of biodegradation) on Day 11 and peaked at 39% on Day 28. The pass level of 60% biodegradation was not reached within the 28 d period. Therefore, the test item is classified as not readily biodegradable within 28 d. The functional control reached the pass level (> 60%) within 3 d, confirming the suitability of the inoculum. The toxicity control reached 65% degradation within 14 d, indicating that the activity of the activated sludge (i.e. degradation) was not inhibited by the test item at the tested concentration of 17 mg/L (nominal).
Reference
VALIDITY CRITERIA
The study fulfilled the validity criteria set out by the guideline (Table 1).
Table 1: Validity criteria for OECD 301 F.
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
Difference of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical at the plateau, at the end of the test or at the end of the 10-d window, as appropriate, is less than 20%. |
2% difference on Day 28. |
Yes |
Percentage degradation of the reference compound has reached the pass level of 25% by day 14. |
The toxicity control reached the pass level of 25% within 2 d. |
Yes |
The oxygen uptake of the inoculum blank is normally 20-30 mg O2/L and should not be greater than 60 mg/L in 28 days. |
The mean oxygen depletion in the inoculum control was 10.6 mg O2/L on Day 28 (< 60 mg oxygen/L)
|
Yes |
RESULTS
Biodegradation (Table 2) was expressed as the percentage of the measured biological oxygen demand (BOD) to the theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD).
Table 2: Biodegradation [%] of the test item, functional control and toxicity control.
Day [d] |
Biodegradation [%] |
|||
Functional control |
Test item |
Toxicity control (test item + reference item) |
||
R1 |
P1 |
P2 |
T1 |
|
1 |
6 |
0 |
0 |
7 |
2 |
51 |
0 |
0 |
33 |
3 |
65 |
0 |
0 |
39 |
4 |
72 |
0 |
0 |
46 |
5 |
76 |
1 |
1 |
49 |
6 |
78 |
1 |
1 |
50 |
7 |
80 |
3 |
3 |
53 |
8 |
82 |
4 |
4 |
56 |
9 |
84 |
5 |
6 |
58 |
10 |
87 |
6 |
9 |
60 |
11 |
88 |
9 |
11 |
61 |
12 |
90 |
12 |
13 |
62 |
13 |
91 |
16 |
17 |
64 |
14 |
91 |
18 |
19 |
65 |
15 |
92 |
21 |
21 |
66 |
16 |
93 |
22 |
22 |
66 |
17 |
94 |
24 |
25 |
67 |
18 |
94 |
26 |
26 |
68 |
19 |
94 |
27 |
28 |
68 |
20 |
95 |
28 |
30 |
69 |
21 |
96 |
29 |
32 |
70 |
22 |
96 |
31 |
33 |
71 |
23 |
95 |
33 |
35 |
71 |
24 |
96 |
34 |
36 |
71 |
25 |
96 |
35 |
38 |
72 |
26 |
96 |
36 |
38 |
72 |
27 |
96 |
37 |
39 |
73 |
28 |
97 |
38 |
40 |
73 |
Description of key information
Not readily biodegradable (39% after 28 d, OECD 301 F)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- inherently biodegradable
Additional information
There is one study available, in which the ready biodegradability of the test item was assessed according to OECD 301 F and GLP.
In the Manometric Respirometry Test, 17 mg/L test item (corresponding to 50.3 mg O2/L) was inoculated with non-adapted activated sludge (1.03 * 10^7 CFU/L) for 28 d in the dark. Degradation was followed by measuring the evolution of oxygen concentrations and expressed as % biological oxygen demand (BOD, measured) of theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD, calculated).
The mean biodegradation of the test item reached the 10% level (beginning of biodegradation) on Day 11 and peaked at 39% on Day 28. The pass level of 60% biodegradation was not reached within the 28 d period. Therefore, the test item is classified as not readily biodegradable within 28 d. The functional control reached the pass level (> 60%) within 3 d, confirming the suitability of the inoculum. The toxicity control reached 65% degradation within 14 d, indicating that the activity of the activated sludge (i.e. degradation) was not inhibited by the test item at the tested concentration of 17 mg/L (nominal).
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