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EC number: 810-161-6 | CAS number: 1229654-66-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Additional information
Experimental studies are available investigating the short- and
long-term effects of the test item on aquatic organisms from three
different trophic levels. The studies were performed according to
internationally accepted guidelines in accordance with GLP. For all
trophic levels freshwater and marine studies are available.
The short-term toxicity fish was investigated using the freshwater fish
Oncorhynchus mykiss as well as Pimephales promelas (M-486042-01-1 and
M-489576-01-1). Both studies were performed according to OECD 203 as a
limit test with a concentration of 10 mg a.i./L. No effects were
observed and a LC50 (96 h) of > 10 mg a.i./L (nominal) was derived in
both studies. The study with the marine species Cyprinodon variegatus
(M-508088-01-1) was performed under comparable conditions to the
freshwater study (OECD 203, GLP). The test organism was exposed to two
nominal concentrations of 5 and 10 mg a.i./L (nominal). No mortality was
recorded and a LC50 (96 h) of > 9.09 mg/L (measured) was derived. In all
studies the test substance was shown to be stable by suitable analytical
methods.
In order to assess the chronic toxicity of the test item to fish two
experimental studies were performed according to OECD 210 (GLP) with the
freshwater fish Pimephales promelas (M-565378-01-1) and the marine
species Cyprinodon variegatus (M-547597-01-1). Early life stages of P.
promelas were exposed under flow-through conditions to 0.313, 0.625,
1.25, 2.50 and 5.00 mg a.i./L. Hatching rates, sub-lethal symptoms, fry
survival and growth (length and wet and dry weight) were recorded. After
33 d of exposure (28 d post-hatch) an overall NOEC (33 d) of 2.5 mg
a.i./L (nominal) was derived based on total length of fish. Cyprinodon
variegatus was exposed to the same test concentrations but was shown to
be less sensitive. No effects on any of the examined parameters were
recorded. Thus, an overall NOEC (35 d) of ≥ 4.21 mg a.i./L (mean
measured concentrations) was derived.
The short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was assessed in four
experimental studies. Two were performed with the freshwater organism
Daphnia magna (M-566522-02-1, M-502273-01-1). Two of the available
studies were performed with the marine species Crassostrea virginica
(M-507732-01-1) and Americamysis bahia (M-503278-01-1). The studies with
Daphnia magna were performed according to OECD 202 (GLP). In the key
study D. magna was exposed to five nominal concentrations of 41.9, 71.2,
121, 206 and 350 μg a.i./L under static conditions. The mobility of D.
magna was affected and an EC50 (48 h) of 173.3 µg/L (nominal) was
calculated. The supporting study (M-502273-01-1) resulted in an EC50 (48
h) of 247 µg a.i./L (nominal).
The key study with the marine species Crassostrea virginica
investigated the effects of the test item on shell deposition for 96 h.
It was performed according to EPA OPPTS 850.1025 (GLP) and the shells
were exposed to 0.31, 0.65, 1.3, 2.5 and 5.0 mg a.i./L (nominal). After
96 h an EC50 of 2.2 mg a.i./L (nominal) was calculated. A. bahia was
shown to be less sensitive to the test item. The mortality was recorded
for 96 h and a LC50 (96 h) of 8.3 mg a.i./L (measured) resulted. In
conclusion, marine invertebrates were less sensitive to the test item
compared to freshwater organisms.
The same trend was observed in the chronic studies with aquatic
invertebrates (M-538451-01-1 and M-508258-01-1). In a long-term study
with Daphnia magna according to OECD 211 (GLP) the test species were
exposed to concentrations up to 140 µg/L under semi-static conditions.
The reproduction of Daphnids was inhibited and a NOEC (21 d) and EC10
(21 d) of 13.3 µg a.i./L and 28.0 µg a.i./L were calculated,
respectively. In the study with the marine species A. bahia which was
performed according to EPA OPPTS 850.1350 (GLP) a NOEC (30 d) of 0.15 mg
a.i./L (measured) was reported based on reproduction.
The toxicity to aquatic algae was investigated in three experimental
studies (M-535793-01-1, M-553842-02-1 and M-527594-01-1). Two studies
were performed with freshwater organisms whereas one was performed with
a marine diatom species. The key study with the freshwater species
Navicula pelliculosa was performed according to OECD 201 (GLP). N.
pelliculosa was exposed to five nominal concentrations up to 5 mg a.i./L
under static conditions for up to 96 h. The growth was slightly
inhibited allowing the derivation of a NOEC (72 h) of 0.285 mg a.i./L
(measured geom. mean). In the supporting study with Pseudokirchneriella
subcapitata which was performed according to OECD 201 (GLP), no effects
on growth of algae cells were recorded up to the highest concentration
tested. A NOEC (72 h) of ≥ 1.97 mg a.i./L and an EC50 (72 h) of > 1.97
mg a.i./L were derived based on the geometric mean measured
concentrations. The study with the marine species Skeletonema costatum
was performed according to OECD 201 (GLP). Inhibition of growth was
measured and an EC50 (72 h) of 1.49 mg a.i./L and a NOEC (72 h) of 0.429
mg a.i./L were calculated.
The toxicity of the test item to aquatic plants was studied in a GLP
guideline study according to OECD 221 with Lemna minor (M-532733-02-1).
Duckweed were exposed to nominal concentrations up to 10 mg a.i./L.
Total frond area as well as total frond number were investigated for 7 d
in a semi-static test system. After 7 d an EC50 > 6.64 mg a.i./L
(measured, time weighted average) and a NOEC of 2.05 mg a.i./L
(measured, time weighted average) were derived.
In conclusion aquatic invertebrates were the most sensitive taxonomic
group in acute and chronic studies with freshwater organisms. For marine
organisms aquatic invertebrates were most sensitive in chronic studies
whereas marine diatoms were slightly more sensitive in the acute
studies.
The toxicity to the microbial community was studied in a GLP guideline study according to OECD Guideline 209 and EU Methode C.11 (M-585194-01-1). The activated sludge was exposed to the test item at a limit test item concentration of 100 mg/L without ATU (N-allylthiourea) representing the total microbial community and with ATU representing the heterotrophic part of the microbial community. The respiration rate of each mixture was determined after aeration periods of 3 hours. The test item showed 2.1% respiration inhibition of activated sludge at a test item concentration of 100 mg/L. The EC50 (3 h) is higher than 100 mg/L. The NOEC (3 h) is equal or higher than 100 mg/L. Thus, it can be concluded that the degradation process in sewage treatment plants is not inhibited by the test item.
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